Product: Ammonia P-4562-F Date: June 2000
Praxair Material Safety Data Sheet
1. Chemical Product and Company Identification
Product Name: Ammonia, anhydrous (MSDS No. Trade Name: Ammonia
P-4562-F)
Chemical Name: Ammonia Synonyms: Ammonia gas, spirit of hartshorn
Chemical Family: Amine
Formula: NH3
1-800-645-4633* Company Name: Praxair, Inc.
Telephone: Emergencies:
CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300* 39 Old Ridgebury Road
1-800-PRAXAIR Danbury, CT 06810-5113
Routine:
* Call emergency numbers 24 hours a day only for spills, leaks, fire, exposure, or accidents involving this
product. For routine information, contact your supplier, Praxair sales representative, or call
1-800-PRAXAIR (1-800-772-9247).
2. Composition/Information on Ingredients
For custom mixtures of this product, request an MSDS for each component. See section 16 for
important information about mixtures.
CAS CONCEN-
INGREDIENT NUMBER TRATION OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV-TWA (1999)
Ammonia 7664-41-7 >99%* 50 ppm 25 ppm (35 ppm, 15 min, TLV STEL)
* The symbol > means 鈥済reater than鈥?; the symbol <, 鈥渓ess than.鈥?
3. Hazards Identification
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
DANGER! Corrosive liquid and gas under pressure.
Harmful if inhaled.
Causes eye, skin, and respiratory tract burns.
May cause kidney and respiratory system damage.
Can catch fire.
Self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing must be worn by
rescue workers.
Odor: Pungent, irritating
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: TLV-TWA, 25 ppm; 35 ppm, 15 min STEL (ACGIH, 1999). TLV-
TWAs should be used as a guide in the control of health hazards and not as fine lines between safe and
dangerous concentrations.
Page 1 of 8
Copyright 漏 1979, 1985, 1989, 1992-1993, 1997, 2000, Praxair Technology, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Revised
Product: Ammonia P-4562-F Date: June 2000
EFFECTS OF A SINGLE (ACUTE) OVEREXPOSURE:
INHALATION鈥揈xposure to concentrations moderately above the TLV may irritate the eyes, nose,
and throat. Higher concentrations may cause breathing difficulty; chest pain; bronchospasm; pink,
frothy sputum; and pulmonary edema (fluid on the lungs).
SKIN CONTACT鈥揕iquid may cause moderate-to-severe redness, swelling, and ulceration of the
skin, depending on the degree and duration of contact. At high concentrations, gas may cause
chemical burns. Prolonged or widespread skin contact may result in the absorption of potentially
harmful amounts of material.
SWALLOWING鈥揂n unlikely route of exposure; this product is a gas at normal temperature and
pressure. But exposure, should it occur, may cause chemical burns of the mouth, throat, esophagus,
and stomach.
EYE CONTACT鈥揕iquid may cause pain, severe redness, and swelling of the conjunctiva, damage to
the iris, corneal opacification, glaucoma, and cataracts. Gas may cause pain and excessive tearing
with acute corneal injury at high concentrations.
EFFECTS OF REPEATED (CHRONIC) OVEREXPOSURE: Chronic exposure may cause chemical
pneumonitis and kidney damage.
OTHER EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Asphyxiant. Lack of oxygen can kill. Contact with the
liquid may cause frostbite.
MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED BY OVEREXPOSURE: Inhalation may aggravate
asthma and inflammatory or fibrotic pulmonary disease. Skin irritation may aggravate an existing
dermatitis.
SIGNIFICANT LABORATORY DATA WITH POSSIBLE RELEVANCE TO HUMAN HEALTH
HAZARD EVALUATION: None known.
CARCINOGENICITY: Ammonia is not listed by NTP, OSHA, or IARC.
4. First Aid Measures
INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. WARNING: Rescuer
may receive chemical burns from giving mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If breathing is difficult,
qualified personnel may give oxygen. Keep victim warm. Call a physician.
SKIN CONTACT: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing
contaminated clothing and shoes. Discard clothing and shoes. Call a physician.
SWALLOWING: An unlikely route of exposure; this product is a gas at normal temperature and
pressure. Give at least two glasses of water or milk at once. Do not induce vomiting. Call a physician.
EYE CONTACT: Immediately flush eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes. Hold the
eyelids open and away from the eyeballs to ensure that all surfaces are flushed thoroughly. See a
physician, preferably an ophthalmologist, immediately.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN: Victims of overexposure should be observed for at least 72 hours for delayed
edema. The hazards of this material are mainly due to its severe irritant and corrosive properties on the
skin and mucosal surfaces. There is no specific antidote. Treatment of overexposure should be directed at
the control of symptoms and the clinical condition of the patient.
Page 2 of 8
Product: Ammonia P-4562-F Date: June 2000
5. Fire Fighting Measures
FLASH POINT (test method): Flammable gas
AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE: 1202掳F (650掳C)
FLAMMABLE LIMITS IN AIR, % by volume: LOWER: 16% UPPER: 25%
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: CO2, dry chemical, water spray, or fog.
SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: DANGER! Corrosive liquid and gas under
pressure. Can catch fire. Evacuate all personnel from danger area. Do not approach area without self-
contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing. Immediately spray cylinders with water from
maximum distance until cool, taking care not to extinguish flames. Remove sources of ignition if without
risk. Remove all cylinders from fire area if without risk; continue cooling water spray while moving
cylinders. Stop flow of gas if without risk, or allow flames to burn out. On-site fire brigades must comply
with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.156.
UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Forms explosive mixtures with air and
oxidizing agents. Heat of fire can build pressure in cylinder and cause it to rupture. No part of a cylinder
should be subjected to a temperature higher than 125掳F (52掳C). Cylinders are equipped with a pressure-
relief device. (Exceptions may exist where authorized by DOT, in this case where cylinders contain less
than 165 pounds of product.) If leaking or spilled product catches fire, do not extinguish flames.
Flammable and toxic vapors may spread from leak and could explode if reignited. Vapors can be ignited
by pilot lights, other flames, smoking, sparks, heaters, electrical equipment, static discharge, or other
ignition sources at locations distant from product handling point. Explosive atmospheres may linger.
Before entering area, especially confined areas, check atmosphere with an appropriate device. Reverse
flow into cylinder may cause rupture. To protect persons from cylinder fragments and toxic fumes should
a rupture occur, totally evacuate the area if the fire cannot be brought under immediate control.
HAZARDOUS COMBUSTION PRODUCTS: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
6. Accidental Release Measures
STEPS TO BE TAKEN IF MATERIAL IS RELEASED OR SPILLED: DANGER! Corrosive
liquid and gas under pressure. Can catch fire. Forms explosive mixtures with air and oxidizing
agents. (See section 5.) Evacuate all personnel from danger area. Use self-contained breathing apparatus
where needed. Remove all sources of ignition if without risk. Reduce vapors with fog or fine water spray.
Reverse flow into cylinder may cause rupture. (See section 16.) Shut off flow if without risk. Ventilate
area or move cylinder to a well-ventilated area. Flammable vapors may spread from leak. Before entering
area, especially confined areas, check atmosphere with an appropriate device.
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Prevent waste from contaminating the surrounding environment.
Keep personnel away. Discard any product, residue, disposable container, or liner in an environmentally
acceptable manner, in full compliance with federal, state, and local regulations. If necessary, call your
local supplier for assistance.
7. Handling and Storage
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN STORAGE: Store and use with adequate ventilation. Firmly
secure cylinders upright to keep them from falling or being knocked over. Screw valve protection cap
firmly in place by hand. Store only where temperature will not exceed 125掳F (52掳C). Store full and empty
cylinders separately. Use a first-in, first-out inventory system to prevent storing full cylinders for long
periods.
Page 3 of 8
Product: Ammonia P-4562-F Date: June 2000
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN HANDLING: Protect cylinders from damage. Use a suitable
hand truck to move cylinders; do not drag, roll, slide, or drop. Never attempt to lift a cylinder by its cap;
the cap is intended solely to protect the valve. Never insert an object (e.g., wrench, screwdriver, pry bar)
into cap openings; doing so may damage the valve and cause a leak. Use an adjustable strap wrench to
remove over-tight or rusted caps. Open valve slowly. If valve is hard to open, discontinue use and contact
your supplier. For other precautions in using ammonia, see section 16.
For additional information on storage and handling, refer to Compressed Gas Association (CGA)
pamphlet P-1, Safe Handling of Compressed Gases in Containers, available from the CGA. Refer to
section 16 for the address and phone number along with a list of other available publications.
8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
VENTILATION/ENGINEERING CONTROLS:
LOCAL EXHAUST鈥揢se a local exhaust system, if necessary, to prevent oxygen deficiency and to
keep hazardous fumes and gases below applicable TLVs in the worker's breathing zone.
MECHANICAL (general)鈥揘ot recommended as a primary ventilation system to control worker鈥檚
exposure.
SPECIAL鈥揢se only in a closed system. An explosion-proof, corrosion-resistant, forced-draft fume
hood is preferred.
OTHER 鈥揘one
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: Use air-supplied respirators for concentrations up to 10 times the
applicable permissible exposure limit. For higher concentrations, a full-face, self-contained breathing
apparatus operated in the pressure-demand mode is required. Respiratory protection must conform to
OSHA rules as specified in 29 CFR 1910.134.
SKIN PROTECTION: Wear work gloves for cylinder handling; neoprene during cylinder changeout or
wherever contact with product is possible.
EYE PROTECTION: Wear safety glasses when handling cylinders; vapor-proof goggles and a face
shield during cylinder changeout or wherever contact with product is possible. Select eye protection in
accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.133.
OTHER PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: Metatarsal shoes for cylinder handling. Protective clothing
where needed. Select equipment in accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132 and 1910.133. Regardless
of protective equipment, never touch live electrical parts.
9. Physical and Chemical Properties
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 17.031
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (Air = 1) at 32掳F (0掳C) and 1 atm: 0.5970
0.0481 lb/ft3 (0.771 kg/m3)
GAS DENSITY at 32掳F (0掳C) and 1 atm:
VAPOR PRESSURE at 70掳F (21.1掳C): 128.8 psia (888 kPa abs)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER, vol (liq.)/vol (liq.) at 68掳F (20掳C) and 1 atm: 0.848
PERCENT VOLATILES BY VOLUME: 100
EVAPORATION RATE (Butyl Acetate = 1): High
BOILING POINT at 1 atm: -28.12掳F (-33.40掳C)
FREEZING POINT at 1 atm: -107.9掳F (-77.72掳C)
APPEARANCE, ODOR, AND STATE: Colorless gas at normal temperature and pressure; pungent,
irritating odor.
Page 4 of 8
Product: Ammonia P-4562-F Date: June 2000
10. Stability and Reactivity
STABILITY: Unstable Stable
INCOMPATIBILITY (materials to avoid): Gold, silver, mercury, oxidizing agents, halogens,
halogenated compounds, acids, copper, copper-zinc alloys (brass), chlorates, zinc
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: The normal products of combustion are nitrogen
and water. Hydrogen may be formed at temperatures above 1,544掳F (840掳C).
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION: May Occur Will Not Occur
CONDITIONS TO AVOID: None known.
11. Toxicological Information
LC50 = 7338 ppm, 1 hr, rat.
12. Ecological Information
No adverse ecological effects expected. Ammonia does not contain any Class I or Class II ozone-
depleting chemicals. Ammonia is not listed as a marine pollutant by DOT.
13. Disposal Considerations
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Do not attempt to dispose of residual or unused quantities. Return
cylinder to supplier.
14. Transport Information
DOT/IMO SHIPPING NAME: Ammonia, anhydrous
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT RQ:
2.2 (domestic shipment) UN 1005 100 lb
CLASS: NUMBER:
2.3 (international shipment) (45.4 kg)
NONFLAMMABLE GAS (domestic shipment)
SHIPPING LABEL(s):
POISON GAS, CORROSIVE (international shipment)*
NONFLAMMABLE GAS (domestic shipment)
PLACARD (when required):
POISON GAS, CORROSIVE (international shipment)*
*The words in the POISON GAS diamond are INHALATION HAZARD.
SPECIAL SHIPPING INFORMATION: Cylinders should be transported in a secure position, in a
well-ventilated vehicle. Cylinders transported in an enclosed, nonventilated compartment of a vehicle can
present serious safety hazards.
Additional Marking: INHALATION HAZARD (domestic and international)
Shipment of compressed gas cylinders that have been filled without the owner's consent is a violation of
federal law [49 CFR 173.301(b)].
Page 5 of 8
Product: Ammonia P-4562-F Date: June 2000
15. Regulatory Information
The following selected regulatory requirements may apply to this product. Not all such requirements are
identified. Users of this product are solely responsible for compliance with all applicable federal, state,
and local regulations.
U.S. FEDERAL REGULATIONS:
EPA (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY)
CERCLA: COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE, COMPENSATION, AND
LIABILITY ACT OF 1980 (40 CFR Parts 117 and 302):
Reportable Quantity (RQ): 100 lb (45.4 kg)
SARA: SUPERFUND AMENDMENT AND REAUTHORIZATION ACT:
SECTIONS 302/304: Require emergency planning based on Threshold Planning Quantity
(TPQ) and release reporting based on Reportable Quantities (RQ) of extremely hazardous
substances (40 CFR Part 355):
Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ): 500 lb (226.8 kg)
Extremely Hazardous Substances (40 CFR 355): 100 lb (45.4 kg)
SECTIONS 311/312: Require submission of MSDSs and reporting of chemical inventories
with identification of EPA hazard categories. The hazard categories for this product are as
follows:
IMMEDIATE: Yes PRESSURE: Yes
DELAYED: Yes REACTIVITY: Yes
FIRE: Yes
SECTION 313: Requires submission of annual reports of release of toxic chemicals that
appear in 40 CFR Part 372.
Ammonia requires reporting under Section 313.
40 CFR 68: RISK MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR CHEMICAL ACCIDENTAL
RELEASE PREVENTION: Requires development and implementation of risk management
programs at facilities that manufacture, use, store, or otherwise handle regulated substances in
quantities that exceed specified thresholds.
Ammonia, anhydrous is listed as a regulated substance in quantities of 10,000 lb (4536 kg) or
greater.
TSCA: TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT: Ammonia is listed on the TSCA inventory.
OSHA: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION:
29 CFR 1910.119: PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT OF HIGHLY HAZARDOUS
CHEMICALS: Requires facilities to develop a process safety management program based on
Threshold Quantities (TQ) of highly hazardous chemicals.
Ammonia, anhydrous is listed in Appendix A as a highly hazardous chemical in quantities of
10,000 lb (4536 kg) or greater.
STATE REGULATIONS:
CALIFORNIA: This product is not listed by California under the SAFE DRINKING WATER AND
TOXIC ENFORCEMENT ACT OF 1986 (Proposition 65).
PENNSYLVANIA: This product is subject to the PENNSYLVANIA WORKER AND
COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW ACT (35 P.S. Sections 7301-7320).
Page 6 of 8
Product: Ammonia P-4562-F Date: June 2000
16. Other Information
Be sure to read and understand all labels and instructions supplied with all containers of this product.
OTHER HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS OF HANDLING, STORAGE, AND USE: Corrosive liquid
and gas under pressure. Harmful if inhaled. Do not breathe gas. Do not get liquid or vapor in eyes, on
skin, or on clothing. (See section 3.) Have safety showers and eyewash fountains immediately available.
Use piping and equipment adequately designed to withstand pressures to be encountered. Store and use
with adequate ventilation at all times. Use only with compatible materials and equipment. Use only in a
closed system. May form explosive mixtures with air. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame. Use
only spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Ground all equipment. Store and use with
adequate ventilation at all times. Keep away from oxidizing agents and other flammables. Prevent reverse
flow. Reverse flow into cylinder may cause rupture. Use a check valve or other protective device in any
line or piping from the cylinder. Never work on a pressurized system. If there is a leak, close the cylinder
valve. Blow the system down in a safe and environmentally sound manner in compliance with all federal,
state, and local laws; then repair the leak. When returning cylinder to supplier, be sure valve is closed,
then install valve outlet plug tightly. Never place a compressed gas cylinder where it may become part of
an electrical circuit.
NOTE: Prior to using any plastics, confirm their compatibility with ammonia.
MIXTURES: When you mix two or more gases or liquefied gases, you can create additional,
unexpected hazards. Obtain and evaluate the safety information for each component before you produce
the mixture. Consult an industrial hygienist or other trained person when you evaluate the end product.
Remember, gases and liquids have properties that can cause serious injury or death.
HAZARD RATING SYSTEMS:
NFPA RATINGS: HMIS RATINGS:
= 2 (gas), 3 (liq.) =3
HEALTH HEALTH
= 1 (gas), 1 (liq.) FLAMMABILITY = 1
FLAMMABILITY
= 0 (gas), 0 (liq.) =0
REACTIVITY REACTIVITY
= None
SPECIAL
STANDARD VALVE CONNECTIONS FOR U.S. AND CANADA:
CGA-705, CGA-240 standard, CGA-660 limited
THREADED:
standard
Not applicable
PIN-INDEXED YOKE:
ULTRA-HIGH-INTEGRITY CONNECTION: CGA-720
Use the proper CGA connections. DO NOT USE ADAPTERS. Additional limited-standard
connections may apply. See CGA pamphlet V-1 listed below.
Ask your supplier about free Praxair safety literature as referred to in this MSDS and on the label for this
product. Further information about this product can be found in the following pamphlets published by the
Compressed Gas Association, Inc. (CGA), 1725 Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, VA 22202-4102,
Telephone (703) 412-0900.
AV-1 Safe Handling and Storage of Compressed Gases
P-1 Safe Handling of Compressed Gases in Containers
V-1 Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Inlet and Outlet Connections
鈥? Handbook of Compressed Gases, Third Edition
Page 7 of 8
Product: Ammonia P-4562-F Date: June 2000
Praxair asks users of this product to study this MSDS and become aware of product hazards and safety
information. To promote safe use of this product, a user should (1) notify employees, agents, and
contractors of the information in this MSDS and of any other known product hazards and safety
information, (2) furnish this information to each purchaser of the product, and (3) ask each purchaser to
notify its employees and customers of the product hazards and safety information.
The opinions expressed herein are those of qualified experts within Praxair, Inc. We
believe that the information contained herein is current as of the date of this Material
Safety Data Sheet. Since the use of this information and the conditions of use of the
product are not within the control of Praxair, Inc., it is the user鈥檚 obligation to
determine the conditions of safe use of the product.
Praxair MSDSs are furnished on sale or delivery by Praxair or the independent distributors and suppliers
who package and sell our products. To obtain current Praxair MSDSs for these products, contact your
Praxair sales representative or local distributor or supplier. If you have questions regarding Praxair
MSDSs, would like the form number and date of the latest MSDS, or would like the names of the Praxair
suppliers in your area, phone or write the Praxair Call Center (Phone: 1-800-PRAXAIR; Address:
Praxair Call Center, Praxair, Inc., PO Box 44, Tonawanda, NY 14150-7891).
Praxair and the Flowing Airstream design are trademarks or registered trademarks of
Praxair Technology, Inc. in the United States and other countries.
Praxair, Inc.
39 Old Ridgebury Road
Danbury, CT 06810-5113
Page 8 of 8
Printed in USA
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