*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : TJ2100000
CHEMICAL NAME : Physostigmine
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 57-47-6
LAST UPDATED : 199710
DATA ITEMS CITED : 27
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C15-H21-N3-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 275.39
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T B556 EN GNTT&J B1 E1 G1 KOVM1
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Drug
Reproductive Effector
Human
Natural Product
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Carbamic acid, methyl-, ester with eseroline
* CS 58525
* Eserine
* Eserolein, methylcarbamate (ester)
* Fysostigmin
* MCV 4484
* NIH 10421
* (-)-Physostigmine
* Physostol
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - coma
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York,
Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,475,1969
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 40 ug/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Vascular - BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section
REFERENCE :
AJPSAO American Journal of Psychiatry. (American Psychiatric Assoc.,
Circulation Dept., 1400 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.78- 1921-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 143,910,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 3920 ug/kg/2W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
REFERENCE :
NEURAI Neurology. (Modern Medicine Pub., Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN
55802) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 37,345,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 12 mg/kg/60D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
REFERENCE :
NEURAI Neurology. (Modern Medicine Pub., Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN
55802) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 37,345,1987
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 882 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85DCAI "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M.,
Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970 Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,73,1970
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag,
Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,1926,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 3 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme
Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948
Volume(issue)/page/year: -,452,1948
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 644 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis
REFERENCE :
FATOAO Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya (Moscow). For English translation, see
PHTXA6 and RPTOAN. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.2-
1939- Volume(issue)/page/year: 43,717,1980
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 740 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
(usually neuromuscular blockage)
Behavioral - muscle weakness
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 123,121,1958
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 400 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,337,1936
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 330 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc.,
Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC
20037) V.6- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,577,1990
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 600 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
USXXAM United States Patent Document. (U.S. Patent Office, Box 9,
Washington, DC 20231) Volume(issue)/page/year: #5306825
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 1138 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands
Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from large intestine
REFERENCE :
FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,184,1946
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 660 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 88,39,1946
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 11200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - true cholinesterase
REFERENCE :
DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
York, NY 10016) V.1- 1977/78- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,319,1980
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 2470 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ABMHAM Archives Belges de Medecine Sociale, Hygiene, Medecine du Trevail et
Medecine Legale. (Quartier Esplanade no.6, 1010 Brussels, Belgium) V.4-
1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: (Suppl),226,1984
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 3 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme
Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948
Volume(issue)/page/year: -,452,1948
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme
Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948
Volume(issue)/page/year: -,452,1948
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 2200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - true cholinesterase
REFERENCE :
DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
York, NY 10016) V.1- 1977/78- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,319,1980
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - pigeon
DOSE/DURATION : 450 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION : 600 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
USXXAM United States Patent Document. (U.S. Patent Office, Box 9,
Washington, DC 20231) Volume(issue)/page/year: #5409948
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 333 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - mating performance (e.g. # sperm positive females
per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles)
REFERENCE :
ANENAG Annales d'Endocrinologie. (Masson Editeur, 120 Blvd. Saint-Germain,
F-25280 Paris Cedex 06, France) V.1- 1939- Volume(issue)/page/year:
24(Suppl 3),1,1963
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 50 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
REFERENCE :
FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,596,1972
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - X4159
No. of Facilities: 7 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 1
No. of Occupations: 1
No. of Employees: 103 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 52 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
*** END OF RECORD ***
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