IVO RYCHE M PT E LIM IT E D
15 Beach Road #02-09, Beach Centre
Singapore 189677
Tel: +65 鈥? 6337 7765
Fax: +65 鈥? 6337 7730
Email: contact@ivorychem.com
Web: www.ivorychem.com
Co. Registration No. 200405572W
GST Registration No. 200405572W
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
UREA 46% (CARBAMIDE) FERTILIZER
Version: Global
Date Approved:
Revision No: 1
CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME: UREA 46% (CARBAMIDE) FERTILIZER
ACTIVE INGREDIENT: Nitrogen 46%
CHEMICAL FAMILY: Amides
MOLECULAR FORMULA: CH4N2O
SYNONYMS: Carbamide, carbonyldiamine, carbonyl diamide
MANUFACTURER
IVORYCHEM PTE LTD
15 Beach Road, #02-09
Beach Centre
Singapore 189677
Tel: +65 63377765
Fax: +65 63377730
Emergency Telephone Numbers:
Emergency Phone contact@ivorychem.com (Please refer local label for Emergency Numbers in
your region).
COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Weight CAS
Component Name
Percentage Number
Urea 95.4 - 97.6 57-13-6
Biuret
(H2NCONHCONH2) 1.0 - 1.5 108-19-0
Water 0.1 - 0.4 7732-18-5
Urea reaction
products with
formaldehyde
(primarily
methylenediurea) 1.3 - 2.7 68611-64-3
Company Registration No: 200405572W
Incorporated in the Republic of Singapore Under the Companies Act (Cap 50)
IVO RYCHE M PT E LIM IT E D
15 Beach Road #02-09, Beach Centre
Singapore 189677
Tel: +65 鈥? 6337 7765
Fax: +65 鈥? 6337 7730
Email: contact@ivorychem.com
Web: www.ivorychem.com
Co. Registration No. 200405572W
GST Registration No. 200405572W
HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Caution. When heated, decomposes to carbon dioxide and ammonia; if burned, emits small
amounts of nitrogen oxides. Can cause redness and irritation of skin and eyes.
IMMEDIATE CONCERNS: White granules with either no odor or having a slight odor of ammonia
(in presence of moisture).
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS:
Urea is not classified as a hazardous product. Normally, by paying usual attention to industrial
hygiene and by avoiding inhalation of dusty powder, there are no risks in handling urea. The
product contact should be avoided with oxidizing agents, hypochlorites, aldehydes, inorganic
acids, olefins, monomers and polymerisable esters to avoid possible release of toxic fumes of
ammonia, isocyanic acid, oxides of nitrogen and biuret..
Eyes : May cause irritation, redness ad pain but does not injure eye tissue.
Skin : Not expected to be toxic by dermal exposure. May cause irritation, redness, itching, and
pain.
Inhalation : Not expected to be toxic by inhalation. Urea dust may cause irritation of the nose,
throat, and respiratory tract.
Ingestion : Not found to be toxic by oral exposure. May cause irritation of the digestive tract if
ingestion. Nausea and vomiting may occur after exposure to large quantities.
MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED: Conditions aggravated by exposure may include skin
disorders and respiratory (asthma-like) disorders. Urea is not known to cause mutagenic,
carcinogenic, o reproductive effects from concentrations or exposure routes normally experienced
in the workplace.
FIRST AID MEASURES
EYES: Flush / irrigate eyes with large amount of water for at least 10 minutes until irritation
subsides. If eye irritation persists, seek medical attention.
SKIN: Wash the affected areas with soap and water.
INGESTION: : Do not induce vomiting. Give water or milk to drink. Obtain medical attention if
more than small quantities have been swallowed.
INHALATION: Remove from source of exposure to dust. Keep warm and at rest. Obtain medical
advice if symptoms persist.
NOTES TO MEDICAL DOCTOR: No specific antidote. Treatment is symptomatic.
The dust may cause irritation to eyes, skin and by inhalation.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Use extinguishing method suitable for surrounding fire. Material will
not burn.
EXPLOSION HAZARDS: May be explosive on contact with halogens such as chlorine. Non-
explosive from open flames and sparks, shocks, heat, oxidizing materials, combustoble materials,
organic materials, metals, acids, alkalis, or moisture.
Company Registration No: 200405572W
Incorporated in the Republic of Singapore Under the Companies Act (Cap 50)
IVO RYCHE M PT E LIM IT E D
15 Beach Road #02-09, Beach Centre
Singapore 189677
Tel: +65 鈥? 6337 7765
Fax: +65 鈥? 6337 7730
Email: contact@ivorychem.com
Web: www.ivorychem.com
Co. Registration No. 200405572W
GST Registration No. 200405572W
FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Fire fighters should wear NIOSH/MSHA approved self-
contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Keep unnecessary people away,
isolate hazard area and deny entry. Evacuate residents who are downwind of fire. Dike area to
prevent runoff and contamination of water sources. Dispose of fire control water later. Persons
who may have been exposed to contaminated smoke should be immediately examined by a
physician and checked for symptoms of poisoning. The symptoms should not be mistaken for
heat exhaustion or smoke inhalation.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Undergoes thermal decomposition at elevated
temperatures to produce solid cyanuric acid and release toxic and combustible gases (ammonia,
carbon dioxide, and oxides of nitrogen.
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EVACUATION PROCEDURES AND SAFETY: Wear appropriate gear for the situation. See
Personal Protection information.
CLEANUP AND DISPOSAL OF SPILL: Sweep up spilled material and place in suitable
containers for recycle or disposal. Any spillage of fertilizer should be cleaned up promptly, swept
up and placed in a clean, labelled, open container for safe disposal. See Disposal Consideration
information.
CONTAINMENT OF SPILL: Follow procedure under Cleanup and Disposal of Spill.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND REGULATORY REPORTING: Relevant authorities must be consulted
before disposal of urea to drains or water courses. If spilled urea enters a water course then the
appropriate water authority and local authorities should be informed. Depending on the degree
and nature of contamination, dispose of by use as a fertilizer on farm by spreading thinly on open
ground or to an authorised waste facility.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
HANDLING PROCEDURES: Avoid excessive generation of dust. Avoid unnecessary exposure to
the atmosphere to prevent moisture pick-up. When handling the product over long periods use
appropriate personal protective equipment e.g. gloves.
STORING PROCEDURES: Storage should be in absence of source of heat or fire and moisture
to prevent lumps and dust forming. Storage may be in bulk or polyethylene bags. Ensure high
standard of housekeeping in the storage area. Any building used for the storage should be dry
and well ventilated.
For More Details including effects on environment email contact@ivorychem.com with Subject
鈥淯REA 46% CARBAMIDE DETAILS鈥?.
WORK/HYGIENIC PROCEDURES: Personal hygiene is an important work practice exposure
control measure and the following general measures should be taken when working with or
handling this material. Do not store, use, and/or consume foods, beverages, tobacco products, or
cosmetics in areas where this material is stored. Wash hands and face carefully before eating,
drinking, using tobacco, applying cosmetics or using the toilet. Wash exposed sking promptly to
remove accidental splashes of contact with this material.
In addition, based upon the specific hazard of this product. Do not take clothing/objects
contaminated by this material off the work site. Shower and change into street clothes before
leaving the work site.
MIN/MAX STORAGE TEMPERATURES: Melting point at 133 deg C (decomposes)
Company Registration No: 200405572W
Incorporated in the Republic of Singapore Under the Companies Act (Cap 50)
IVO RYCHE M PT E LIM IT E D
15 Beach Road #02-09, Beach Centre
Singapore 189677
Tel: +65 鈥? 6337 7765
Fax: +65 鈥? 6337 7730
Email: contact@ivorychem.com
Web: www.ivorychem.com
Co. Registration No. 200405572W
GST Registration No. 200405572W
EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
PERSONAL PROTECTION : For open systems where contact is likely, wear safety glasses with
side shields, long sleeves and chemical resistant gloves. Where over-exposure by inhalation may
occur, and engineering, work practice or other means of exposure reduction are not adequate,
approved respirators may be necessary. Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over
long periods. Use suitable dust respirator if dust concentration is high.
Exposure guidelines
The recommended time weighted average exposure limits are as follows: -
Long term Exposure Limit (OEL)
(TWA-8 hr)
3
mg/m ppm
Ammonia 18 25
Nitrogen Dioxide * 5 3
Nitrogen Dioxide 30 25
Isocyanic acid 0.02
Short term Exposure Limit (STEL)
(TWA-10 min)
3
mg/m ppm
Ammonia 24 35
Nitrogen Dioxide * 9 5
Nitrogen Dioxide 45 35
Isocyanic acid 0.07
* Most toxic component of NOx
ACGIH recommended value (1995-96) for inhalable particulate :
3
TLV/TWA : 10mg/m
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE: White granules or prills or crystals
CHEMICAL NAME: Carbamide
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 60
DECOMPOSITION TEMPERATURE: 133 deg C
o
WATER SOLUBILITY: 1080g/l at 20 C
SOLUBILITY IN OTHER SOLVENTS: Soluble in common organic solvents including acetone,
toluene, and xylene (211)
o
BOILING POINT: Melting point at 133 C (decomposes)
SOLIDIFYING POINT: Not available
VAPOR PRESSURE: 0.08 kPa
VISCOSITY: Not available
Company Registration No: 200405572W
Incorporated in the Republic of Singapore Under the Companies Act (Cap 50)
IVO RYCHE M PT E LIM IT E D
15 Beach Road #02-09, Beach Centre
Singapore 189677
Tel: +65 鈥? 6337 7765
Fax: +65 鈥? 6337 7730
Email: contact@ivorychem.com
Web: www.ivorychem.com
Co. Registration No. 200405572W
GST Registration No. 200405572W
pH of 10% water solution: 8.0 鈥? 10.0
FLASH POINT: Not available
PARTITION COEFFICIENT: Not available
ADSORPTION COEFFICIENT: Not available
Odour : Odourless
Nitrogen : 46% minimum
3
Bulk Density : 700 鈥? 780 kg/m
Flammability (solids) : Not flammable
(Method A10 EEC)
Explosive properties : Uncontaminated urea is not an explosion hazard. However it may form
explosive mixtures subject to spontaneous detonation when contaminated with strong acid (nitric
or perchloric) or nitrates.
Oxidizing properties : None.
UREA 46%
(CARBAMIDE) Prilled Granulated
Nitrogen 46% min
Biuret 1% max
1% max by
Bunter weight
0.5% max by
Fisher 1% max by
Moisture
weight
0.3% max
dryer
treated
Anti-caking against anti
agent 0.5% max caking
Prilled 95%
Free ammonia 160 pxt ppm max
2 - 4 mm
90%
1 - 4 mm, lesser than 2
Granulation
90% min mm 1%
greater than
3 mm 4%
Color standard white or pure white
100%
anticaking
Free flowing treated
free from harmful substance,
Physical impurities, dust
certified fully non-radioactive
Radiation 100% free flowing
Company Registration No: 200405572W
Incorporated in the Republic of Singapore Under the Companies Act (Cap 50)
IVO RYCHE M PT E LIM IT E D
15 Beach Road #02-09, Beach Centre
Singapore 189677
Tel: +65 鈥? 6337 7765
Fax: +65 鈥? 6337 7730
Email: contact@ivorychem.com
Web: www.ivorychem.com
Co. Registration No. 200405572W
GST Registration No. 200405572W
STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
CONDITIONS TO AVOID: Heating above melting point. Welding or hot work on equipment or
plant which may have contained fertilizer without first washing thoroughly to remove all fertilizer.
STABILITY: The product is stable under normal conditions of storage, handling and use.
INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS: Strong oxidizers, acids, alkalies, nitrates, sodium or calcium
hypochlorite.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION: Urea reacts with sodium or calcium hypochlorite to form
explosive nitrogen trichloride.
HAZARDOUS REACTIONS: Not applicable
TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ACUTE TOXICITY:
Toxicity Data
LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg
LOCAL EFFECTS:
Eye Contact : Irritating but does not injure eye tissue.
Skin Contact : Frequent or prolonged contact may irritate. Low order of toxicity.
Inhalation : Negligible hazard at ambient temperature. Decomposition fumes may cause
breathing disorders and/or lung damage. High dust concentrations of air-borne material may
cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tract.
Ingestion : Small quantities are unlikely to cause toxic effect. Large quantities may give rise to
gastro-intestinal disorders.
CHRONIC TOXICITY:
In a chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity screening study conducted in mice over 12 months, urea
was administered at 0, 0.45%, 0.9%, and 4.5% in the diet No pathology was reported immediately
following treatment period. After 4 months, testes, prostate, uterus were histologically examined
for occurrence o tumors in the survivors. Although there was a statistically increased incidence of
interstitial cell adenomas of the testes in the high dose group, its biological significance was
deemed questionable, since the lesion may occur in 100% of controls.
Very low Carbaryl has been shown to cause tumors in laboratory animals in lifetime feeding
studies. Carbaryl, when administered by various routes, at doses toxic to the maternal animals,
has been shown to produce developmental toxicity in a number of species. Carbaryl produces no
teratogenic effect in the absence of maternal toxicity.
Urea is not classified as a hazardous product. Normally, by paying usual attention to industrial
hygiene and by avoiding inhalation of dusty powder, there are no risks in handling urea. The dust
may cause irritation to eyes, skin and by inhalation.
By decomposition at high temperature toxic fumes of nitrogen oxide, ammonia and isocyanic acid
can emitted. These can also be produced by reaction of Urea with the chemicals. Product should
o
not be heated above 130 C to avoid possible release of toxic fumes of ammonia, isocyanic acid
Company Registration No: 200405572W
Incorporated in the Republic of Singapore Under the Companies Act (Cap 50)
IVO RYCHE M PT E LIM IT E D
15 Beach Road #02-09, Beach Centre
Singapore 189677
Tel: +65 鈥? 6337 7765
Fax: +65 鈥? 6337 7730
Email: contact@ivorychem.com
Web: www.ivorychem.com
Co. Registration No. 200405572W
GST Registration No. 200405572W
and oxides of nitrogen. Contact should be avoided with oxidising agents, hypochlorites,
aldehydes, inorganic acids, olefins, monomers and polymerisable esters to avoid possible release
of toxic fumes of ammonia, isocyanic acid, oxides of nitrogen and biuret.
Product can accumulate static charges which can cause an incendiary electrical discharge,
proper grounding procedures should be used.
When heated, urea decomposes releasing ammonia. In a fire, toxic fumes containing ammonia
and NOx may be released.
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Unless otherwise indicated, the data presented below are for the techincal grade of active
ingredient.
Urea is highly soluble in water. Therefore it is rapidly diluted in water courses and leached from
soils. When dissolved, urea will act as a plant nutrient. It has low intrinsic aquatic toxicity but will
exert a substantial oxygen demand when significant quantities as in a spillage reach a
watercourse and may cause damage to aquatic life.
Large amounts of urea can damage plant seedings and inhibit germination. As a readily available
source of nitrogen, urea can also foster excessive growth of algae or microorganisms in water
systems. Urea is non-toxic to aquatic organisms as defined by USEPA.
ACUTE AND PROLONGED TOXICITY TO FISH: Fish
LC50: >9,100 mg/L
Exposure time: 96 h
Daphnia
EC50: >10,000 mg/L
Exposure time: 24 h
ECOTOXICITY INFORMATION: The cell multiplication toxicity threshold values for bateria,
green algae, and protozoa are >10,000, >10,000, and 29 mg/L, respectively. The critical range for
the creek chub is 16,000 to 30,000 mg/L in Detroit river water.
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE INFORMATION : Particulate-phase urea is physically washed out of
the atmosphere by dry and wet deposition. In the soil, urea degrades rapidly, usually within 24
hours; however, degradation may be slower depending on soil type, moisture content, and urea
formulation. The ultimate degradation products are carbon dioxide and ammonia. The soil
mobility is high based on an organic carbon partition coefficient of 8. In water, biodegradation to
carbon dioxide and ammonia is he major fate pathway. The biodegrading rate increases with
increasing temperature and pressure of phytoplankton. Oxidation of urea by nitrifying bacteria can
increase biological oxygen demand. Bioaccumulation of urea is very low. The 72-hour
bioconcentration factor (BCF) for carp is reported to be 1.
Company Registration No: 200405572W
Incorporated in the Republic of Singapore Under the Companies Act (Cap 50)
IVO RYCHE M PT E LIM IT E D
15 Beach Road #02-09, Beach Centre
Singapore 189677
Tel: +65 鈥? 6337 7765
Fax: +65 鈥? 6337 7730
Email: contact@ivorychem.com
Web: www.ivorychem.com
Co. Registration No. 200405572W
GST Registration No. 200405572W
DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
DISPOSAL METHOD: Relevant authorities must be consulted before disposal of urea to drains
or water courses. Sweep up spilled material and place in suitable containers for recycle or
disposal. If spilled urea enters a water course then the appropriate water authority and local
authorities should be informed. Any spillage of fertilizer should be cleaned up promptly, swept up
and placed in a clean, labelled, open container for safe disposal. Depending on the degree and
nature of contamination, dispose of by use as a fertilizer on farm by spreading thinly on open
ground or to an authorised waste facility.
TRANSPORT INFORMATION
Urea is not classified, i.e. considered non-hazardous material according to UN Orange Book and
International transport codes e.g. RID (rail), ADR (road) and IMDG (sea). Urea is not listed as a
hazardous material by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), Transport Canada (TC),
International Maritime Organization (IMO), and the United Nations (UN).
OTHER INFORMATION
Section(s) Revised : New Format
Company Registration No: 200405572W
Incorporated in the Republic of Singapore Under the Companies Act (Cap 50)
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