UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 1 of 10
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME
UREA
SYNONYMS
(NH2)2-CO, C-H4-N2-O, Aquacare, Aquahydrate, Basodexan, carbamide, carbonyldiamine,
"carbamide resin", "carbamimidic acid", "carbonyl diamide", isourea, Keratinamin,
Nutraplus, Pastoran, Prespersion, pseudourea, "Supercel 30000", Ureaphil, Ureophil,
Urevert, Urepearl, "Varioform II", CSBP, "ResGen Microhyb", HYB125.GF, HYB250.GF,
"Cellpaste-K 371043", "Cellpaste-101 320523", "Cellpaste-K4P 332021", Pivot, 9516940,
9517740, 9516915, 9516900, 9516912, 9516911, 9516950, 9518000, 9518012, 9515000, 9515050,
9515011, 9519950, 9519900, 9514612, 9514611, 9514600, 9514625, 9514640, 9514650, Ikon,
"David Craig Urea"
PRODUCT USE
Used widely as a fertilizer (readily available source of nitrogen). In animal feeds.
Reacted with aldehydes to make resins and plastics. Condensed with malonic ester to form
barbituric acid. Used extensively in the paper industry to soften cellulose. In ammoniated
dentifrices. In medicine used for treatment of cerebral oedema, also as a diuretic. Also
used in detergents, yeast production, dyes and pigments.
SUPPLIER
Company: Quantum Chemicals Pty Ltd
Address:
70 Quantum Close
Quantum Industrial Park
Dandenong South VIC 3175
Australia
Telephone: 1300 782 688
Emergency Tel: 1300 131 001
Fax: 1300 782 699
HAZARD RATINGS
Flammability
Toxicity
Body Contact
Reactivity
Chronic
SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4
UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 2 of 10
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
NON-HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. NON-DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the Criteria of
NOHSC, and the ADG Code.
POISONS SCHEDULE
None
RISK SAFETY
Exposure may produce irreversible effects*. None under normal operating conditions.
* (limited evidence).
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
urea 57-13-6 > 98.5
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
Rinse mouth out with plenty of water.
For advice, contact a Poisons Information Centre or a doctor.
路 If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting.
路 If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if
possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.
路 Observe the patient carefully.
路 Never give liquid to a person showing signs of being sleepy or with reduced awareness;
i.e. becoming unconscious
路 Give water to rinse out mouth, then provide liquid slowly and as much as casualty can
comfortably drink.
路 Seek medical advice.
EYE
If this product comes in contact with the eyes:
路 Wash out immediately with fresh running water.
路 Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and
moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
路 If pain persists or recurs seek medical attention.
路 Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled
personnel.
SKIN
If skin contact occurs:
路 Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear
路 Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
路 Seek medical attention in event of irritation.
INHALED
路 If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area.
路 Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.
路 Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where
possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.
路 Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve
resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary.
路 Transport to hospital, or doctor.
UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 3 of 10
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
Treat symptomatically.
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
There is no restriction on the type of extinguisher which may be used.
FIRE FIGHTING
Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
Use fire fighting procedures suitable for surrounding area.
路 Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves for fire only.
路 Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water courses.
If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
Use water delivered as a fine spray to control the fire and cool adjacent area.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
路 Solid which exhibits difficult combustion or is difficult to ignite.
路 Avoid generating dust, particularly clouds of dust in a confined or unventilated space
as dusts may form an explosive mixture with air, and any source of ignition, i.e.
flame or spark, will cause fire or explosion. Dust clouds generated by the fine
grinding of the solid are a particular hazard; accumulations of fine dust may burn
rapidly and fiercely if ignited
路 Dry dust can also be charged electrostatically by turbulence, pneumatic transport,
pouring, in exhaust ducts and during transport.
路 Build-up of electrostatic charge may be prevented by bonding and grounding.
路 Powder handling equipment such as dust collectors, dryers and mills may require
additional protection measures such as explosion venting.
路 All movable parts coming in contact with this material should have a speed of less than
1-meter/sec.
Combustion products include: carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid contamination with oxidising agents i.e. nitrates, oxidising acids, chlorine
bleaches, pool chlorine etc. as ignition may result.
Avoid contamination with strong oxidising agents, particularly peroxides, perchlorates,
etc. as violent decomposition / detonation may result.
HAZCHEM: None
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
Clean up all spills immediately.
Wear impervious gloves and safety glasses.
Use dry clean up procedures and avoid generating dust.
Sweep up. Place in clean drum then flush area with water.
Small quantities may be discharged to sewer with a large excess of water.
MAJOR SPILLS
路 Clear area of personnel and move upwind.
路 Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
路 Control personal contact by using protective equipment and dust respirator.
路 Prevent spillage from entering drains, sewers or water courses.
路 Recover product wherever possible. Avoid generating dust.
路 Sweep / shovel up.
UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 4 of 10
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
路 If required, wet with water to prevent dusting.
路 Put residues in labelled plastic bags or other containers for disposal.
路 Wash area down with large quantity of water and prevent runoff into drains.
路 If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise emergency services.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING GUIDELINES (ERPG)
The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed
for up to one hour WITHOUT experiencing or developing
life-threatening health effects is:
urea 500 mg/m鲁
irreversible or other serious effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take
protective action is:
urea 15 mg/m鲁
other than mild, transient adverse effects without perceiving a clearly defined odour is:
urea 2 mg/m鲁
The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no appreciable risk of health effects:
urea 0.6 mg/m鲁
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)
Ingredients considered according to the following cutoffs
Very Toxic (T+) >= 0.1% Toxic (T) >= 3.0%
R50 >= 0.25% Corrosive (C) >= 5.0%
R51 >= 2.5%
else >= 10%
where percentage is percentage of ingredient found in the mixture
SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS
___________________________________________
+ + + + + +
___________________________________________
+: May be stored together
O: May be stored together with specific preventions
X: Must not be stored together
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
Remove all ignition sources.
路 Limit all unnecessary personal contact.
路 Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.
路 Use in a well-ventilated area.
路 When handling DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
路 Always wash hands with soap and water after handling.
路 Avoid physical damage to containers.
路 Use good occupational work practice.
路 Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 5 of 10
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
SUITABLE CONTAINER
Multi ply paper bag with sealed plastic liner or heavy gauge plastic bag
NOTE: Bags should be stacked, blocked, interlocked, and limited in height so that they
are stable and secure against sliding or collapse. Check that all containers are clearly
labelled and free from leaks. Packing as recommended by manufacturer.
Glass container.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid contamination with oxidising agents i.e. nitrates, oxidising acids, chlorine
bleaches, pool chlorine etc. as ignition may result.
Avoid contamination with strong oxidising agents, particularly peroxides, perchlorates,
etc. as violent decomposition / detonation may result.
Avoid storage / contamination with hypochlorites as reaction with formation
of explosive nitrogen trichloride may occur.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
Keep dry . 路 Store in original containers.
路 Keep containers securely sealed.
路 Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
路 Store away from incompatible materials and foodstuff containers.
路 Protect containers against physical damage and check regularly for leaks.
路 Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
The following materials had no OELs on our records
鈥? urea: CAS:57-13-6
MATERIAL DATA
No exposure limits set by NOHSC or ACGIH.
CEL TWA: 10 mg/m3 (compare WEEL-TWA)
Even if individuals inhaled 10 mg/m3 of urea through the whole workday,
they would only inhale 100 mg/day. This increment, even if totally
absorbed, would be insignificant when compared to the 30 g/day normal
excretion rate. The workplace environmental exposure limit (WEEL)
established by the AIHA is protective against the effects of urea as a
nuisance dust.
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
路 Safety glasses with side shields; or as required,
路 Chemical goggles.
路 Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and
concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of lens or
restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This should include a
review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of chemicals in use and an account
of injury experience. Medical and first-aid personnel should be trained in their removal
and suitable equipment should be readily available. In the event of chemical exposure,
UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 6 of 10
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
begin eye irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens
should be removed at the first signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be
removed in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59].
HANDS/FEET
Wear chemical protective gloves. eg. PVC gloves with barrier cream
Wear safety footwear.
OTHER
路 Overalls.
路 Eyewash unit.
RESPIRATOR
Protection Factor Half- Face Respirator Full- Face Respirator Powered Air
Respirator
10 x ES P1 Air- line* -- PAPR- P1 -
50 x ES Air- line** P2 PAPR- P2
100 x ES - P3 -
Air- line* -
100+ x ES - Air- line** PAPR- P3
* - Negative pressure demand ** - Continuous flow.
The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of
personal protective equipment required.
For further information consult site specific
CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your
Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Use in a well-ventilated area.
路 Local exhaust ventilation is required where solids are handled as powders or crystals;
even when particulates are relatively large, a certain proportion will be powdered by
mutual friction.
路 Exhaust ventilation should be designed to prevent accumulation and recirculation of
particulates in the workplace.
路 If in spite of local exhaust an adverse concentration of the substance in air could
occur, respiratory protection should be considered. Such protection might consist of:
(a): particle dust respirators, if necessary, combined with an absorption cartridge;
(b): filter respirators with absorption cartridge or canister of the right type;
(c): fresh-air hoods or masks
路 Build-up of electrostatic charge on the dust particle, may be prevented by bonding and
grounding.
路 Powder handling equipment such as dust collectors, dryers and mills may require
additional protection measures such as explosion venting.
Air contaminants generated in the workplace possess varying "escape" velocities which, in
turn, determine the "capture velocities" of fresh circulating air required to efficiently
remove the contaminant.
Type of Contaminant: Air Speed:
direct spray, spray painting in shallow 1- 2.5 m/s (200- 500 f/min.)
booths, drum filling, conveyer loading,
crusher dusts, gas discharge (active
generation into zone of rapid air motion)
grinding, abrasive blasting, tumbling, high 2.5- 10 m/s (500- 2000 f/min.)
speed wheel generated dusts (released at high
initial velocity into zone of very high rapid
air motion).
Within each range the appropriate value depends on:
UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 7 of 10
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
Lower end of the range Upper end of the range
1: Room air currents minimal or favourable to 1: Disturbing room air currents
capture
2: Contaminants of low toxicity or of nuisance 2: Contaminants of high toxicity
value only
3: Intermittent, low production. 3: High production, heavy use
4: Large hood or large air mass in motion 4: Small hood- local control only
Simple theory shows that air velocity falls rapidly with distance away from the opening
of a simple extraction pipe. Velocity generally decreases with the square of distance
from the extraction point (in simple cases). Therefore the air speed at the extraction
point should be adjusted, accordingly, after reference to distance from the contaminating
source. The air velocity at the extraction fan, for example, should be a minimum of 4-10
m/s (800-2000 f/min) for extraction of crusher dusts generated 2 metres distant from the
extraction point. Other mechanical considerations, producing performance deficits within
the extraction apparatus, make it essential that theoretical air velocities are
multiplied by factors of 10 or more when extraction systems are installed or used.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
White crystals, granules, prill or powder; odourless or with a slight ammonia odour.
Soluble in water; almost insoluble in chloroform, ether; soluble in concentrated
hydrochloric acid. Grades available are: Fertiliser, Technical, Reagent and BP.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Solid.
Mixes with water.
Molecular Weight: 60.07 Boiling Range (掳C): Not available.
Melting Range (掳C): 132.7 Specific Gravity (water=1): 1.33 @ 20C/4C
Solubility in water (g/L): Miscible pH (as supplied): Not applicable
pH (1% solution): 7- 9.8 Vapour Pressure (kPa): Not applicable.
Volatile Component (%vol): Nil @ 38 C. Evaporation Rate: Non Volatile
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): Not Flash Point (掳C): Non Flammable
applicable.
Lower Explosive Limit (%): Not available. Upper Explosive Limit (%): Not available.
Autoignition Temp (掳C): Not available. Decomposition Temp (掳C): 132.7
State: Divided solid Viscosity: Not available
log Kow (Prager 1995): - 1.09
log Kow (Sangster 1997): - 2.11
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
路 Presence of incompatible materials.
路 Product is considered stable.
路 Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 8 of 10
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments.
Considered to be non toxic if swallowed but may be harmful if swallowed in quantity.
Ingestion may result in nausea, abdominal irritation, pain and vomiting.
EYE
The dust may be discomforting to the eyes.
SKIN
The material may be mildly discomforting to the skin.
The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may
produce on contact skin redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling and
thickening of the skin.
INHALED
Generated dust may be discomforting to the upper respiratory tract if inhaled.
Inhalation of dust may aggravate a pre-existing respiratory condition such as asthma,
bronchitis, emphysema.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
Primary route of exposure is usually by inhalation of generated dust.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (rat) LD50: 8471 mg/kg Skin (human): 22 mg/3 d (I)- Mild
Intraperitoneal (rat) LD50: >5000 mg/kg
Subcutaneous (rat) LD50: 8200 mg/kg
Intratracheal (rat) LD50: 567 mg/kg
Oral (mouse) LD50: 11000 mg/kg
Subcutaneous (mouse) LD50: 9200 mg/kg
Intravenous (mouse) LD50: 4600 mg/kg
NOTE: Substance has been shown to be mutagenic in at least one assay, or belongs to a
family of chemicals producing damage or change to cellular DNA.
Altered sleep time, change in motor activity, antipsychosis, dyspnea,
methaemoglobinaemia, convulsions, lymphomas recorded.
Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria.
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Algae IC50 (72hr.) (mg/l): 10000
log Kow (Prager 1995): - 1.09
log Kow (Sangster 1997): - 2.11
log Pow (Verschueren 1983): 1.31415929
log Kow: -2.97- -2.26
UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 9 of 10
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
路 Recycle wherever possible or consult manufacturer for recycling options.
路 Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.
路 Bury residue in an authorised landfill.
路 Recycle containers if possible, or dispose of in an authorised landfill.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
HAZCHEM: None
NOT REGULATED FOR TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS:UN, IATA,
IMDG
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE: None
REGULATIONS
urea (CAS: 57-13-6) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code - Processing Aids - Permitted
microbial nutrients and microbial nutrient adjuncts
Australia - Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code - Processing Aids - Permitted
processing aids with miscellaneous functions
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Other Liquid Substances
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH GUIDELINES
These exposure guidelines have been derived from a screening level of risk assessment and
should not be construed as unequivocally safe limits. ORGS represent an 8-hour time
-weighted average unless specified otherwise.
CR = Cancer Risk/10000; UF = Uncertainty factor:
TLV believed to be adequate to protect reproductive health:
LOD: Limit of detection
Toxic endpoints have also been identified as:
D = Developmental; R = Reproductive; TC = Transplacental carcinogen
Jankovic J., Drake F.: A Screening Method for Occupational Reproductive
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 57: 641-649 (1996).
EXPOSURE STANDARD FOR MIXTURES
"Worst Case" computer-aided prediction of spray/ mist or fume/ dust components and
concentration:
Composite Exposure Standard for Mixture (TWA) :10 mg/m鲁.
Operations which produce a spray/mist or fume/dust, introduce particulates to the
breathing zone.
If the breathing zone concentration of ANY of the components listed below is exceeded,
"Worst Case" considerations deem the individual to be overexposed.
Component Breathing Zone ppm Breathing Zone mg/m3 Mixture Conc (%).
Component Breathing Zone Mixture Conc
UREA
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 21902
NC317TCP CD 2006/4 Page 10 of 10
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
(mg/m鲁) (%)
urea 10.0000 100.0
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or
criticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission
from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.
Issue Date: 14-Jul-2006
Print Date: 4-Jan-2007
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