VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 1 of 11
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
SYNONYMS
O5-V2, V2O5, "vanadic anhydride", "vanadium oxide", "vanadium pentaoxide",
catalyst, "RCRA Waste number: P 120"
PROPER SHIPPING NAME
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE, non-fused form
PRODUCT USE
As a catalyst in oxidation reactions e.g. production of SO3 for sulfuric acid.
For the manufacture of yellow glass;inhibiting ultra-violet light transmission
in glass. As a developer in photography. Mordant in textile dyeing.
SUPPLIER
Quantum Chemicals Pty Ltd
70 Quantum Close
Quantum Industrial Park
Dandenong South VIC 3175
Australia
Telephone: 1300 782 688
Emergency Tel: 1300 131 001
Fax: 1300 782 699
HAZARD RATINGS
Flammability
Toxicity
Body Contact
Reactivity
Chronic
SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the
Criteria of NOHSC, and the ADG Code.
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 2 of 11
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
POISONS SCHEDULE
None
RISK
Harmful if swallowed.
Irritating to respiratory system.
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through
inhalation.
Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic
environment.
Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
Possible risk of irreversible effects.
Cumulative effects may result following exposure*.
Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect*.
* (limited evidence).
SAFETY
Keep container in a well ventilated place.
Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
In case of accident by inhalation: remove casualty to fresh air and keep at
rest.
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
vanadium pentoxide 286
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
If poisoning occurs, contact a doctor or Poisons Information Centre.
鈥? IF SWALLOWED, REFER FOR MEDICAL ATTENTION, WHERE POSSIBLE, WITHOUT DELAY.
鈥? For advice, contact a Poisons Information Centre or a doctor.
Where Medical attention is not immediately available or where the patient is
more than 15 minutes from a hospital or unless instructed otherwise:
鈥? Induce vomiting with fingers down the back of the of the throat, ONLY IF
CONSCIOUS.
鈥? Lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position if possible) to
maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.
NOTE: Wear a protective glove when inducing vomiting by mechanical means.
鈥? In the mean time, qualified first-aid personnel should treat the patient
following observation and employing supportive measures as indicated by the
patient's condition.
鈥? If the services of a medical officer or medical doctor are readily available,
the patient should be placed in his/her care and a copy of the MSDS should be
provided. Further action will be the responsibility of the medical specialist.
鈥? If medical attention is not available on the worksite or surroundings send the
patient to a hospital together with a copy of the MSDS.
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 3 of 11
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
EYE
If this product comes in contact with the eyes:
鈥? Wash out immediately with fresh running water.
鈥? Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from
eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
鈥? If pain persists or recurs seek medical attention.
鈥? Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by
skilled personnel.
SKIN
If skin or hair contact occurs:
鈥? Immediately flush body and clothes with large amounts of water, using safety
shower if available.
鈥? Quickly remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear.
鈥? Wash skin and hair with running water. Continue flushing with water until
advised to stop by the Poisons Information Centre.
鈥? Transport to hospital, or doctor.
INHALED
鈥? If dust is inhaled, remove from contaminated area.
鈥? Encourage patient to blow nose to ensure clear passage of breathing.
鈥? If irritation or discomfort persists seek medical attention.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
Long term exposure to high dust concentrations may cause changes in lung
function i.e. pneumoconiosis; caused by particles less than 0.5 micron
penetrating and remaining in the lung. Prime symptom is breathlessness; lung
shadows show on X-ray.
BAL has no apparent therapeutic benefit in vanadium poisoning but edetate
calcium disodium and disodium catechol disulfonate are effective antidotes in
animals.
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEX - BEI
These represent the determinants observed in specimens collected from a healthy
worker exposed at the Exposure Standard (ES or TLV):
Determinant Sampling Time Index Comments
Vanadium in urine End of shift at 50 ug/g SQ
end of workweek creatinine
SQ: Semi-quantitative determinant - interpretation may be ambiguous; should be
used as a screening test or confirmatory test.
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
鈥? There is no restriction on the type of extinguisher which may be used.
FIRE FIGHTING
鈥? Use water delivered as a fine spray to control fire and cool adjacent area.
鈥? Avoid spraying water onto liquid pools.
鈥? Do not approach containers suspected to be hot.
鈥? Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
鈥? If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
鈥? Non combustible.
鈥? Not considered a significant fire risk, however containers may burn.
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 4 of 11
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
HAZCHEM
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Personal Protective Equipment
Gloves, boots (chemical resistant).
Breathing apparatus.
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
鈥? Clean up all spills immediately.
鈥? Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
鈥? Wear impervious gloves and safety glasses.
鈥? Use dry clean up procedures and avoid generating dust.
鈥? Sweep up or
鈥? Vacuum up (consider explosion-proof machines designed to be grounded during
storage and use).
鈥? Place spilled material in clean, dry, sealable, labelled container.
MAJOR SPILLS
鈥? Clear area of personnel and move upwind.
鈥? Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
鈥? Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
鈥? Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water
course.
鈥? Stop leak if safe to do so.
鈥? Contain spill with sand, earth or vermiculite.
鈥? Collect recoverable product into labelled containers for recycling.
鈥? Neutralise/decontaminate residue.
鈥? Collect solid residues and seal in labelled drums for disposal.
鈥? Wash area and prevent runoff into drains.
鈥? After clean up operations, decontaminate and launder all protective clothing
and equipment before storing and re-using.
鈥? If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise emergency services.
PROTECTIVE ACTIONS FOR SPILL
PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE
half
evacuation
downwind
direction
distance
down wind distance
wind isolation
distance
direction
half
evacuation downwind
INITIAL direction distance
ISOLATION
ZONE
From IERG (Canada/Australia)
Isolation Distance 25 metres
Downwind Protection Distance 250 metres
IERG Number 34
FOOTNOTES
1 PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE is defined as the area in which people are at risk
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 5 of 11
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
of harmful exposure. This zone assumes that random changes in wind direction
confines the vapour plume to an area within 30 degrees on either side of the
predominant wind direction, resulting in a crosswind protective action distance
equal to the downwind protective action distance.
2 PROTECTIVE ACTIONS should be initiated to the extent possible, beginning with
those closest to the spill and working away from the site in the downwind
direction. Within the protective action zone a level of vapour concentration
may exist resulting in nearly all unprotected persons becoming incapacitated
and unable to take protective action and/or incurring serious or irreversible
health effects.
3 INITIAL ISOLATION ZONE is determined as an area, including upwind of the
incident, within which a high probability of localised wind reversal may
expose nearly all persons without appropriate protection to life-threatening
concentrations of the material.
4 SMALL SPILLS involve a leaking package of 200 litres (55 US gallons) or less,
such as a drum (jerrican or box with inner containers). Larger packages leaking
less than 200 litres and compressed gas leaking from a small cylinder are also
considered "small spills".
LARGE SPILLS involve many small leaking packages or a leaking package of
greater than 200 litres, such as a cargo tank, portable tank or a "one-tonne"
compressed gas cylinder.
5 Guide 151 is taken from the US DOT emergency response guide book.
6 IERG information is derived from CANUTEC - Transport Canada.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING GUIDELINES (ERPG)
The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all
individuals could be exposed for up to one hour WITHOUT experiencing or developing
life-threatening health effects is:
vanadium pentoxide 35 mg/m鲁
irreversible or other serious effects or symptoms which could
impair an individual's ability to take protective action is:
vanadium pentoxide 0.5 mg/m鲁
other than mild, transient adverse effects
without perceiving a clearly defined odour is:
vanadium pentoxide 0.5 mg/m鲁
The threshold concentration below which most people.
will experience no appreciable risk of health effects:
vanadium pentoxide 0.05 mg/m鲁
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)
Ingredients considered according to the following cutoffs
Very Toxic (T+) >= 0.1% Toxic (T) >= 3.0%
R50 >= 0.25% Corrosive (C) >= 5.0%
R51 >= 2.5%
else >= 10%
where percentage is percentage of ingredient found in the mixture
SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS
___________________________________________
X X + X X +
___________________________________________
+: May be stored together
O: May be stored together with specific preventions
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 6 of 11
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
X: Must not be stored together
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
鈥? Avoid all personal contact, including inhalation.
鈥? Wear protective clothing when risk of overexposure occurs.
鈥? Use in a well-ventilated area.
鈥? Prevent concentration in hollows and sumps.
鈥? DO NOT enter confined spaces until atmosphere has been checked.
鈥? DO NOT allow material to contact humans, exposed food or food utensils.
鈥? Avoid smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
鈥? When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
鈥? Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
鈥? Keep containers securely sealed when not in use.
鈥? Avoid physical damage to containers.
鈥? Always wash hands with soap and water after handling.
鈥? Working clothes should be laundered separately. Launder contaminated clothing
before re-use.
鈥? Use good occupational work practice.
鈥? Observe manufacturer's storing/handling recommendations.
鈥? Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards
to ensure safe working conditions are maintained.
SUITABLE CONTAINER
Packaging as recommended by manufacturer.
鈥? Check that containers are clearly labelled.
Plastic drum.
Metal drum.
Polyethylene or polypropylene container.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid storage with strong acids, calcium and
sulfur.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
鈥? Store in original containers.
鈥? Keep containers securely sealed.
鈥? Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
鈥? Store away from incompatible materials and foodstuff containers.
鈥? Protect containers against physical damage and check regularly for leaks.
鈥? Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
Source Material TWA TWA STEL STEL Peak Peak
ppm mg/m鲁 ppm m5/m鲁 ppm mg/m鲁
_________________________ ________________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
Australia Exposure vanadium 0.05
Standards pentoxide
Exposure to vanadium dusts can induce cough, rhinorrhea, ocular burning and
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 7 of 11
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
conjunctivitis, nasal catarrh and hemorrhage, wheezing, rales, green to black
tongue and rhonchi.
The recommended TLV is thought to minimise the potential of upper respiratory
tract irritation, pulmonary disease, and systemic vanadium intoxication.
Although no data has been produced to suggest vanadium pentoxide is a
carcinogen, increases in the number of normal cells (chronic hyperplasia) in the
nasal epithelium of workers exposed to high concentrations of the dust,
continues to raise concerns.
The TWA was established to limit the total daily dose rather than a ceiling
(compare NIOSH recommendation) limit whose prime use limits peak exposure
concentrations. New documentation is currently being reviewed to establish
whether a ceiling value is more appropriate.
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
鈥? Chemical goggles.
鈥? Full face shield.
鈥? Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and
concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of lens
or restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This
should include a review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of
chemicals in use and an account of injury experience. Medical and first-aid
personnel should be trained in their removal and suitable equipment should be
readily available. In the event of chemical exposure, begin eye irrigation
immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens should be
removed at the first signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be removed
in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59].
HANDS/FEET
Rubber gloves.
PVC gloves.
Safety footwear.
OTHER
鈥? Overalls.
鈥? Eyewash unit.
RESPIRATOR
Protection Factor Half-Face Full-Face Powered Air
Respirator Respirator Respirator
10 x ES P1 Air-line* -- PAPR-P1 -
50 x ES Air-line** P2 PAPR-P2
100 x ES - P3 -
Air-line* -
100+ x ES - Air-line** PAPR-P3
* - Negative pressure demand ** - Continuous flow.
The local concentration of material, quantity and
conditions of use determine the type of personal
protective equipment required.
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 8 of 11
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
For further information consult site specific
CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your
Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
General exhaust is adequate under normal operating conditions. Local exhaust
ventilation may be required in specific circumstances. If risk of overexposure
exists, wear approved respirator. Correct fit is essential to obtain adequate
protection. Provide adequate ventilation in warehouse or closed storage areas.
Air contaminants generated in the workplace possess varying "escape" velocities
which, in turn, determine the "capture velocities" of fresh circulating air
required to effectively remove the contaminant.
Type of Contaminant: Air Speed:
solvent " "vapours " degreasing "etc. 0.25-0.5 m/s (50-100 f/min)
" evaporating from tank (in still
air).
aerosols " fumes from pouring 0.5-1 m/s (100-200 f/min.)
"operations " intermittent container
"filling " low speed conveyer
"transfers " "welding " spray "drift "
plating acid "fumes " pickling
(released at low velocity into zone of
active generation)
direct "spray " spray painting in 1-2.5 m/s (200-500 f/min.)
shallow "booths " drum "filling "
conveyer "loading " crusher "dusts "
gas discharge (active generation into
zone of rapid air motion)
grinding " abrasive "blasting " 2.5-10 m/s (500-2000 f/min.)
"tumbling " high speed wheel generated
dusts (released at high initial
velocity into zone of very high rapid
air motion).
Within each range the appropriate value depends on:
Lower end of the range Upper end of the range
1: Room air currents minimal or 1: Disturbing room air currents
favourable to capture
2: Contaminants of low toxicity or of 2: Contaminants of high toxicity
nuisance value only.
3: Intermittent, low production. 3: High production, heavy use
4: Large hood or large air mass in 4: Small hood-local control only
motion
Simple theory shows that air velocity falls rapidly with distance away from the
opening of a simple extraction pipe. Velocity generally decreases with the
square of distance from the extraction point (in simple cases). Therefore the
air speed at the extraction point should be adjusted, accordingly, after
reference to distance from the contaminating source. The air velocity at the
extraction fan, for example, should be a minimum of 1-2 m/s (200-400 f/min) for
extraction of solvents generated in a tank 2 meters distant from the extraction
point. Other mechanical considerations, producing performance deficits within
the extraction apparatus, make it essential that theoretical air velocities are
multiplied by factors of 10 or more when extraction systems are installed or
used.
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 9 of 11
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
Yellowish-brown odourless powder.
Slightly soluble in water.
Soluble in acids and alkali.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Solid.
Does not mix with water.
Sinks in water.
Molecular Weight: 181.88 Boiling Range (掳C): Not applicable
Melting Range (掳C): 690 Specific Gravity (water=1): 3.357 @ 18C.
Solubility in water (g/L): Partly miscible pH (as supplied): Not applicable
pH (1% solution): Not applicable. Vapour Pressure (kPa): Negligable.
Volatile Component (%vol): Not applicable. Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): Not applicable. Flash Point (掳C): Not combustible
Lower Explosive Limit (%): Not applicable Upper Explosive Limit (%): Not applicable
Autoignition Temp (掳C): Not applicable Decomposition Temp (掳C): Not available
State: Divided solid
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
Presence of incompatible materials.
Stable under normal storage conditions.
Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
The material may be mildly discomforting to the gastro-intestinal tract and may
be fatal if swallowed.
Vanadium poisoning causes immediate distress with nose bleeds, severe diarrhoea,
paralysis of the legs, breathing difficulties, convulsions and death. The liver
and kidneys may degenerate, and sometimes there can be bleeding from the lung
and adrenal cortex. Vanadium is about as toxic as arsenic.
EYE
The dust may be discomforting to the eyes, may be harmful following absorption,
may cause lachrymation (tears) and is capable of causing a mild, temporary
redness of the conjunctiva (similar to wind-burn), temporary impairment of
vision and/ or other transient eye damage/ ulceration.
SKIN
The dust may be discomforting to the skin and is capable of causing skin
reactions which may lead to dermatitis.
Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material.
INHALED
The dust may be discomforting to the upper respiratory tract and may be harmful
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 10 of 11
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
if inhaled.
The inhalation of vanadium dust can cause irritation of the respiratory tract
and eyes, with cough, wheezing, bronchitis, phlegm with blood stains, and
blackening of the tongue. Internal symptoms may include loss of appetite,
anaemia, nausea, headache, sleep difficulties, nervousness, dizziness, kidney
damage, tremor, psychic disturbances and blindness.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
Principal routes of exposure are by accidental skin and eye contact and
inhalation of generated dusts. Vanadium is an essential trace element. Poisoning
can cause stomach upset, emphysema and wheezing.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (rat) LD50: 10 mg/kg Nil Reported
Intraperitoneal (rat) LD50: 12 mg/kg
Subcutaneous (rat) LD50: 14 mg/kg
Oral (mouse) LD50: 23 mg/kg
Subcutaneous (mouse) LD50: 10 mg/kg
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 1 mg/m鲁/8h
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 346 mg/m鲁
Inhalation (rat) TCLo: 70 mg/m鲁/2h
Exposure to the material for prolonged periods may cause physical defects in the
developing embryo (teratogenesis).
Coma, post-implantation mortality, foetolethality, specific developmental
abnormalities and effects on the embryo reported.
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
The material is classified as an ecotoxin* because the Fish LC50 (96 hours) is
less than or equal to 0.1 mg/l
* Classification of Substances as Ecotoxic (Dangerous to the Environment)
Appendix 8, Table 1
Compiler's Guide for the Preparation of International Chemical Safety Cards:
1993 Commission of the European Communities.
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
鈥? Recycle wherever possible or consult manufacturer for recycling options.
鈥? Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.
鈥? Bury residue in an authorised landfill.
鈥? Recycle containers if possible, or dispose of in an authorised landfill.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
Labels Required
toxic
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005 CHEMWATCH 2862
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 11 of 11
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
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Land Transport UNDG:
Dangerous Goods Class: 6.1 Subrisk: None
UN Number: 2862 Packing Group: III
Shipping Name:VANADIUM PENTOXIDE, non-fused form
Air Transport IATA:
ICAO/IATA Class: 6.1 ICAO/IATA Subrisk: None
UN/ID Number: 2862 Packing Group: III
ERG Code: 6L
Shipping Name: Vanadium pentoxide non-fused form
Maritime Transport IMDG:
IMDG Class: 6.1 IMDG Subrisk: None
UN Number: 2862 Packing Group: III
EMS Number: None
Shipping Name: VANADIUM PENTOXIDE, non-fused form
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE
None
REGULATIONS
vanadium pentoxide (CAS: 1314-62-1) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of
private study, research, review or criticism, as permitted under the Copyright
Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from
CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.
Issue Date: 5-Apr-2005
Print Date: 3-Jul-2006
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