CG2 Page 1 of 17
Hazard Alert Code:
DY-MARK SPRAY & MARK AEROSOL LEAD FREE COLOURS EXTREME
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet Revision No: 2 Chemwatch 43757
Issue Date: 22-Aug-2006 CD 2007/1
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME: DY-MARK SPRAY & MARK AEROSOL LEAD FREE COLOURS
SYNONYMS
"spray paint"
PROPER SHIPPING NAME
AEROSOLS
PRODUCT USE
Application is by spray atomisation from a hand held aerosol pack. The use of a quantity of material in an unventilated or confined
space may result in increased exposure and an irritating atmosphere developing. Before starting consider control of exposure by
mechanical ventilation. The use of a quantity of material in an unventilated or confined space may result in increased exposure and an
irritating atmosphere developing. Before starting consider control of exposure by mechanical ventilation. Application is by spray
atomisation from a hand held aerosol pack. Aerosol spray paint.
SUPPLIER
Company: Dy-Mark Pty Ltd
Address:
89 Formation Street
Wacol
QLD, 4076
AUS
Telephone: +61 7 3271 2222
Fax: +61 7 3271 2751
HAZARD RATINGS
Min Max
Flammability: 4
Toxicity: 2
Body Contact: 2 Min/Nil=0
Low=1
Reactivity: 1 Moderate=2
High=3
Chronic: 3 Extreme=4
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the Criteria of NOHSC, and the ADG Code.
POISONS SCHEDULE
None
RISK SAFETY
Extremely flammable. Keep locked up.
Harmful if swallowed. Keep container in a well ventilated place.
Irritating to eyes and skin. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use
Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
water and detergent.
Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. Keep container tightly closed.
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged
This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way.
exposure through inhalation.
May cause harm to the unborn child. Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs.
Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
In case of contact with eyes, rinse with plenty of water and contact
Inhalation and/or skin contact may produce health damage*.
Doctor or Poisons Information Centre.
This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
Cumulative effects may result following exposure*.
May produce discomfort of the respiratory system*.
May possibly affect fertility*.
* (limited evidence).
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
toluene 108-88-3 10-30
propylene glycol monomethyl ether 107-98-2 1-10
methyl methacrylate/ n-BMA/ MAA copolymer 28262-63-7 1-10
xylene 1330-20-7 1-10
acetone 67-64-1 1-10
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Hazard Alert Code:
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Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet Revision No: 2 Chemwatch 43757
Issue Date: 22-Aug-2006 CD 2007/1
dimethyl ether 115-10-6 10-30
hydrocarbon propellant 68476-85-7. 10-30
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
Not considered a normal route of entry. If spontaneous vomiting appears imminent or occurs, hold patient's head down, lower than
their hips to help avoid possible aspiration of vomitus. Avoid giving milk or oils. Avoid giving alcohol.
EYE
If aerosols come in contact with the eyes:
Immediately hold the eyelids apart and flush the eye continuously for at least 15 minutes with fresh running water.
Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the
upper and lower lids.
Transport to hospital or doctor without delay.
Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled personnel.
SKIN
If solids or aerosol mists are deposited upon the skin:
Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
Remove any adhering solids with industrial skin cleansing cream.
DO NOT use solvents.
Seek medical attention in the event of irritation.
INHALED
If aerosols, fumes or combustion products are inhaled:
Remove to fresh air.
Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.
Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.
If breathing is shallow or has stopped, ensure clear airway and apply resuscitation, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator,
bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary.
Transport to hospital, or doctor.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
Treat symptomatically.
for lower alkyl ethers:
--------------------------------------------------------------
BASIC TREATMENT
--------------------------------------------------------------
Establish a patent airway with suction where necessary.
Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilation as necessary.
Administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask at 10 to 15 l/min.
A low-stimulus environment must be maintained.
Monitor and treat, where necessary, for shock.
Anticipate and treat, where necessary, for seizures.
DO NOT use emetics. Where ingestion is suspected rinse mouth and give up to 200 ml water (5 ml/kg recommended) for dilution
where patient is able to swallow, has a strong gag reflex and does not drool.
--------------------------------------------------------------
ADVANCED TREATMENT
--------------------------------------------------------------
Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in unconscious patient or where respiratory arrest has occurred.
Positive-pressure ventilation using a bag-valve mask might be of use.
Monitor and treat, where necessary, for arrhythmias.
Start an IV D5W TKO. If signs of hypovolaemia are present use lactated Ringers solution. Fluid overload might create
complications.
Drug therapy should be considered for pulmonary oedema.
Hypotension without signs of hypovolaemia may require vasopressors.
Treat seizures with diazepam.
Proparacaine hydrochloride should be used to assist eye irrigation.
--------------------------------------------------------------
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
--------------------------------------------------------------
Laboratory analysis of complete blood count, serum electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, glucose, urinalysis, baseline for serum
aminotransferases (ALT and AST), calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, may assist in establishing a treatment regime. Other
useful analyses include anion and osmolar gaps, arterial blood gases (ABGs), chest radiographs and electrocardiograph.
Ethers may produce anion gap acidosis. Hyperventilation and bicarbonate therapy might be indicated.
Haemodialysis might be considered in patients with impaired renal function.
Consult a toxicologist as necessary.
BRONSTEIN, A.C. and CURRANCE, P.L.
EMERGENCY CARE FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS EXPOSURE: 2nd Ed. 1994.
Following acute or short term repeated exposures to toluene:
Toluene is absorbed across the alveolar barrier, the blood/air mixture being 11.2/15.6 (at 37 degrees C.) The concentration of
toluene, in expired breath, is of the order of 18 ppm following sustained exposure to 100 ppm. The tissue/blood proportion is 1/3
except in adipose where the proportion is 8/10.
Metabolism by microsomal mono-oxygenation, results in the production of hippuric acid. This may be detected in the urine in
amounts between 0.5 and 2.5 g/24 hr which represents, on average 0.8 gm/gm of creatinine. The biological half-life of hippuric acid
is in the order of 1-2 hours.
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Hazard Alert Code:
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Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet Revision No: 2 Chemwatch 43757
Issue Date: 22-Aug-2006 CD 2007/1
Primary threat to life from ingestion and/or inhalation is respiratory failure.
Patients should be quickly evaluated for signs of respiratory distress (eg cyanosis, tachypnoea, intercostal retraction, obtundation)
and given oxygen. Patients with inadequate tidal volumes or poor arterial blood gases (pO2 <50 mm Hg or pCO2 > 50 mm Hg)
should be intubated.
Arrhythmias complicate some hydrocarbon ingestion and/or inhalation and electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial damage
has been reported; intravenous lines and cardiac monitors should be established in obviously symptomatic patients. The lungs
excrete inhaled solvents, so that hyperventilation improves clearance.
A chest x-ray should be taken immediately after stabilisation of breathing and circulation to document aspiration and detect the
presence of pneumothorax.
Epinephrine (adrenaline) is not recommended for treatment of bronchospasm because of potential myocardial sensitisation to
catecholamines. Inhaled cardioselective bronchodilators (e.g. Alupent, Salbutamol) are the preferred agents, with aminophylline a
second choice.
Lavage is indicated in patients who require decontamination; ensure use.
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEX - BEI
These represent the determinants observed in specimens collected from a healthy worker exposed at the Exposure Standard (ES or
TLV):
Determinant Index Sampling Time Comments
o-Cresol in urine 0.5 mg/L End of shift B
Hippuric acid in urine 1.6 g/g creatinine End of shift B, NS
Toluene in blood 0.05 mg/L Prior to last shift of workweek
NS: Non-specific determinant; also observed after exposure to other material
B: Background levels occur in specimens collected from subjects NOT exposed.
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
SMALL FIRE:
Water spray, dry chemical or CO2
LARGE FIRE:
Water spray or fog.
FIRE FIGHTING
Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
May be violently or explosively reactive.
Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water course.
If safe, switch off electrical equipment until vapour fire hazard removed.
Use water delivered as a fine spray to control fire and cool adjacent area.
DO NOT approach containers suspected to be hot.
Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
Equipment should be thoroughly decontaminated after use.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
Liquid and vapour are highly flammable.
Severe fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.
Vapour forms an explosive mixture with air.
Severe explosion hazard, in the form of vapour, when exposed to flame or spark.
Vapour may travel a considerable distance to source of ignition.
Heating may cause expansion or decomposition with violent container rupture.
Aerosol cans may explode on exposure to naked flames.
Rupturing containers may rocket and scatter burning materials.
Hazards may not be restricted to pressure effects.
May emit acrid, poisonous or corrosive fumes.
On combustion, may emit toxic fumes of carbon monoxide (CO).
Combustion products include: carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), aldehydes, other pyrolysis products typical of burning
organic material.
Contains low boiling substance: Closed containers may rupture due to pressure
buildup under fire conditions.
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid contamination with oxidising agents i.e. nitrates, oxidising acids, chlorine bleaches, pool chlorine etc. as ignition may result.
HAZCHEM
2Y
Personal Protective Equipment
Breathing apparatus.
Gas tight chemical resistant suit.
Limit exposure duration to 1 BA set 30 mins.
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
Clean up all spills immediately.
Avoid breathing vapours and contact with skin and eyes.
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Hazard Alert Code:
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Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet Revision No: 2 Chemwatch 43757
Issue Date: 22-Aug-2006 CD 2007/1
Wear protective clothing, impervious gloves and safety glasses.
Shut off all possible sources of ignition and increase ventilation.
Wipe up.
If safe, damaged cans should be placed in a container outdoors, away from all ignition sources, until pressure has dissipated.
Undamaged cans should be gathered and stowed safely.
MAJOR SPILLS
Chemical Class: aromatic hydrocarbons
For release onto land: recommended sorbents listed in order of priority.
SORBENT TYPE RANK APPLICATION COLLECTION LIMITATIONS
LAND SPILL - SMALL
Feathers - pillow 1 throw pitchfork DGC, RT
cross-linked polymer -
2 shovel shovel R,W,SS
particulate
cross-linked polymer-
2 throw pitchfork R, DGC, RT
pillow
sorbent clay - particulate 3 shovel shovel R, I, P,
treated clay/ treated
natural organic - 3 shovel shovel R, I
particulate
wood fibre - pillow 4 throw pitchfork R, P, DGC, RT
LAND SPILL - MEDIUM
cross-linked polymer -
1 blower skiploader R, W, SS
particulate
treated clay/ treated
natural organic - 2 blower skiploader R, I
particulate
sorbent clay - particulate 3 blower skiploader R, I, P
polypropylene -
3 blower skiploader W, SS, DGC
particulate
feathers - pillow 3 throw skiploader DGC, RT
expanded mineral -
4 blower skiploader R, I, W, P, DGC
particulate
Legend
DGC: Not effective where ground cover is dense
R; Not reusable
I: Not incinerable
P: Effectiveness reduced when rainy
RT:Not effective where terrain is rugged
SS: Not for use within environmentally sensitive sites
W: Effectiveness reduced when windy
Reference: Sorbents for Liquid Hazardous Substance Cleanup and Control;
R.W Melvold et al: Pollution Technology Review No. 150: Noyes Data Corporation 1988.
Remove leaking cylinders to a safe place.
Fit vent pipes. Release pressure under safe, controlled conditions
Burn issuing gas at vent pipes.
DO NOT exert excessive pressure on valve; DO NOT attempt to operate damaged valve.
Clear area of personnel and move upwind.
Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
May be violently or explosively reactive.
Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water courses
No smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
Increase ventilation.
Stop leak if safe to do so.
Water spray or fog may be used to disperse / absorb vapour.
Absorb or cover spill with sand, earth, inert materials or vermiculite.
If safe, damaged cans should be placed in a container outdoors, away from ignition sources, until pressure has dissipated.
Undamaged cans should be gathered and stowed safely.
Collect residues and seal in labelled drums for disposal.
PROTECTIVE ACTIONS FOR SPILL
From IERG (Canada/Australia)
Isolation Distance -
Downwind Protection Distance 8 metres
IERG Number 49
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Hazard Alert Code:
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Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet Revision No: 2 Chemwatch 43757
Issue Date: 22-Aug-2006 CD 2007/1
FOOTNOTES
1 PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE is defined as the area in which people are at risk of harmful exposure. This zone assumes that random changes in wind direction
confines the vapour plume to an area within 30 degrees on either side of the predominant wind direction, resulting in a crosswind protective action distance equal to the
downwind protective action distance.
2 PROTECTIVE ACTIONS should be initiated to the extent possible, beginning with those closest to the spill and working away from the site in the downwind direction.
Within the protective action zone a level of vapour concentration may exist resulting in nearly all unprotected persons becoming incapacitated and unable to take
protective action and/or incurring serious or irreversible health effects.
3 INITIAL ISOLATION ZONE is determined as an area, including upwind of the incident, within which a high probability of localised wind reversal may expose nearly all
persons without appropriate protection to life-threatening concentrations of the material.
4 SMALL SPILLS involve a leaking package of 200 litres (55 US gallons) or less, such as a drum (jerrican or box with inner containers). Larger packages leaking less
than 200 litres and compressed gas leaking from a small cylinder are also considered "small spills". LARGE SPILLS involve many small leaking packages or a leaking
package of greater than 200 litres, such as a cargo tank, portable tank or a "one-tonne" compressed gas cylinder.
5 Guide 126 is taken from the US DOT emergency response guide book.
6 IERG information is derived from CANUTEC - Transport Canada.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING GUIDELINES (ERPG)
The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour
WITHOUT experiencing or developing
life-threatening health effects is:
toluene 1000 ppm
propylene glycol monomethyl
750 ppm
ether
xylene 900 ppm
acetone 8500 ppm
dimethyl ether 60000 ppm
hydrocarbon propellant 2000 ppm
irreversible or other serious effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take protective action is:
toluene 300 ppm
propylene glycol monomethyl
300 ppm
ether
xylene 200 ppm
acetone 8500 ppm
dimethyl ether 50000 ppm
hydrocarbon propellant 2000 ppm
other than mild, transient adverse effects without perceiving a clearly defined odour is:
toluene 50 ppm
propylene glycol monomethyl
150 ppm
ether
xylene 150 ppm
acetone 1000 ppm
dimethyl ether 3000 ppm
hydrocarbon propellant 2000 ppm
The threshold concentration below which most people. will experience no appreciable risk of health effects:
toluene 50 ppm
propylene glycol monomethyl
100 ppm
ether
xylene 100 ppm
acetone 1000 ppm
dimethyl ether 1000 ppm
hydrocarbon propellant 1000 ppm
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)
Ingredients considered according exceed the following cutoffs
Very Toxic (T+) >= 0.1% Toxic (T) >= 3.0%
R50 >= 0.25% Toxic (T) >= 3.0%
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R51 >= 2.5% Corrosive (C) >= 5.0%
else >= 10%
where percentage is percentage of ingredient found in the mixture
SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS
X X X X X +
X: Must not be stored together
O: May be stored together with specific preventions
+: May be stored together
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
DO NOT allow clothing wet with material to stay in contact with skin.
Atmospheres must be tested and O.K. before work resumes after leakage.
Obtain a work permit before attempting any repairs. Do not attempt repair work on lines, vessels under pressure.
Avoid generation of static electricity. Earth all lines and equipment.
DO NOT transfer gas from one cylinder to another.
Avoid all personal contact, including inhalation.
Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.
Use in a well-ventilated area.
Prevent concentration in hollows and sumps.
DO NOT enter confined spaces until atmosphere has been checked.
Avoid smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
DO NOT incinerate or puncture aerosol cans.
DO NOT spray directly on humans, exposed food or food utensils.
Avoid physical damage to containers.
Always wash hands with soap and water after handling.
Work clothes should be laundered separately.
Use good occupational work practice.
Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards to ensure safe working conditions are
maintained.
SUITABLE CONTAINER
Aerosol dispenser.
Check that containers are clearly labelled.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
Ethers may react violently with strong oxidising agents and acids.
The tendency of many ethers to form explosive peroxides is well documented. Ethers lacking non-methyl hydrogen atoms adjacent to
the ether link are thought to be relatively safe. When solvents have been freed from peroxides (by percolation through a column of
activated alumina for example), the absorbed peroxides must promptly be desorbed by treatment with the polar solvents methanol or
water, which should be discarded safely.
Avoid reaction with oxidising agents.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
Keep dry to avoid corrosion of cans. Corrosion may result in container perforation and internal pressure may eject contents of can.
Store in original containers in approved flammable liquid storage area.
DO NOT store in pits, depressions, basements or areas where vapours may be trapped.
No smoking, naked lights, heat or ignition sources.
Keep containers securely sealed. Contents under pressure.
Store away from incompatible materials.
Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated area.
Avoid storage at temperatures higher than 40 deg C.
Store in an upright position.
Protect containers against physical damage.
Check regularly for spills and leaks.
Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
TWA TWA STEL STEL Peak Peak TWA
Source Material
ppm mg/m鲁 ppm mg/m鲁 ppm mg/m鲁 F/CC
Australia Exposure
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Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet Revision No: 2 Chemwatch 43757
Issue Date: 22-Aug-2006 CD 2007/1
Standards toluene (Toluene) 50 191 150 574
Australia Exposure propylene glycol monomethyl ether (Propylene
100 369 150 553
Standards glycol monomethyl ether)
Australia Exposure methyl methacrylate/ n-BMA/ MAA copolymer
10
Standards (Inspirable dust (Not specified))
Australia Exposure
xylene (Xylene (o-, m-, p- isomers)) 80 350 150 655
Standards
Australia Exposure
acetone (Acetone) 500 1185 1000 2375
Standards
Australia Exposure
dimethyl ether (Dimethyl ether) 400 760 500 950
Standards
Australia Exposure hydrocarbon propellant (LPG (liquified
1,000 1,800
Standards petroleum gas))
EMERGENCY EXPOSURE LIMITS
Material Revised IDLH Value (mg/m3) Revised IDLH Value (ppm)
toluene 500
xylene 900
acetone 2,500 [LEL]
hydrocarbon propellant 2,000 [LEL]
NOTES
Values marked LEL indicate that the IDLH was based on 10% of the lower explosive limit
for safety considerations even though the relevant toxicological data indicated that
irreversible health effects or impairment of escape existed only at higher
concentrations.
MATERIAL DATA
Sensory irritants are chemicals that produce temporary and undesirable side-effects on the eyes, nose or throat. Historically
occupational exposure standards for these irritants have been based on observation of workers' responses to various airborne
concentrations. Present day expectations require that nearly every individual should be protected against even minor sensory irritation
and exposure standards are established using uncertainty factors or safety factors of 5 to 10 or more. On occasion animal no-
observable-effect-levels (NOEL) are used to determine these limits where human results are unavailable. An additional approach,
typically used by the TLV committee (USA) in determining respiratory standards for this group of chemicals, has been to assign ceiling
values (TLV C) to rapidly acting irritants and to assign short-term exposure limits (TLV STELs) when the weight of evidence from
irritation, bioaccumulation and other endpoints combine to warrant such a limit. In contrast the MAK Commission (Germany) uses a
five-category system based on intensive odour, local irritation, and elimination half-life. However this system is being replaced to be
consistent with the European Union (EU) Scientific Committee for Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL); this is more closely allied to
that of the USA.
OSHA (USA) concluded that exposure to sensory irritants can:
cause inflammation
cause increased susceptibility to other irritants and infectious agents
lead to permanent injury or dysfunction
permit greater absorption of hazardous substances and
acclimate the worker to the irritant warning properties of these substances thus increasing the risk of overexposure.
INGREDIENT DATA
TOLUENE:
XYLENE:
Exposure limits with "skin" notation indicate that vapour and liquid may be absorbed through intact skin. Absorption by skin may readily
exceed vapour inhalation exposure. Symptoms for skin absorption are the same as for inhalation. Contact with eyes and mucous
membranes may also contribute to overall exposure and may also invalidate the exposure standard.
TOLUENE:
Odour Threshold Value: 0.16-6.7 (detection), 1.9-69 (recognition)
NOTE: Detector tubes measuring in excess of 5 ppm, are available.
High concentrations of toluene in the air produce depression of the
central nervous system (CNS) in humans. Intentional toluene exposure
(glue-sniffing) at maternally-intoxicating concentration has also produced
birth defects. Foetotoxicity appears at levels associated with CNS
narcosis and probably occurs only in those with chronic toluene-induced
kidney failure. Exposure at or below the recommended TLV-TWA is thought
to prevent transient headache and irritation, to provide a measure of
safety for possible disturbances to human reproduction, the prevention of
reductions in cognitive responses reported amongst humans inhaling
greater than 40 ppm, and the significant risks of hepatotoxic, behavioural
and nervous system effects (including impaired reaction time and
incoordination). Although toluene/ethanol interactions are well
recognised, the degree of protection afforded by the TLV-TWA among
drinkers is not known.
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER:
Odour Threshold: 10 ppm.
The TLV-TWA is protective against discomfort caused by odour, against
eye and skin irritation, and chronic effects (including possible liver
and kidney damage).
Individuals exposed to 100 ppm reported a transient unpleasant odour with
slight eye irritation after about 1 or 2 hours. At 300 ppm, mild
irritation of the eyes and nose developed within 5 minutes; some
individuals found the irritation hardly bearable after about an hour. A
concentration of 750 ppm was highly irritating. Signs of central nervous
system depression developed at 1000 ppm. Neurological, clinical chemical
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and general medical examinations showed no other conspicuous toxicity.
Concentrations of the beta-isomer, 2-methoxy-1-propyl acetate are low in
commercial grades of PGME and teratogenic effects associated with this
isomer are expected to be absent.
XYLENE:
IDLH Level: 900 ppm
Odour Threshold Value: 20 ppm (detection), 40 ppm (recognition)
NOTE: Detector tubes for o-xylene, measuring in excess of 10 ppm, are
available commercially. (m-xylene and p-xylene give almost the same
response)
Xylene vapour is an irritant to the eyes, mucous membranes and skin and
causes narcosis at high concentrations. Exposure to doses sufficiently high
to produce intoxication and unconsciousness also produces transient liver
and kidney toxicity. Neurologic impairment is NOT evident amongst
volunteers inhaling up to 400 ppm though complaints of ocular and upper
respiratory tract irritation occur at 200 ppm for 3 to 5 minutes.
Exposure to xylene at or below the recommended TLV-TWA and STEL is thought
to minimise the risk of irritant effects and to produce neither significant
narcosis or chronic injury. An earlier skin notation was deleted because
percutaneous absorption is gradual and protracted and does not
substantially contribute to the dose received by inhalation.
ACETONE:
Odour Threshold Value: 3.6 ppm (detection), 699 ppm (recognition)
Saturation vapour concentration: 237000 ppm @ 20 C
NOTE: Detector tubes measuring in excess of 40 ppm, are available.
Exposure at or below the recommended TLV-TWA is thought to protect the
worker against mild irritation associated with brief exposures and the
bioaccumulation, chronic irritation of the respiratory tract and headaches
associated with long-term acetone exposures. The NIOSH REL-TWA is
substantially lower and has taken into account slight irritation
experienced by volunteer subjects at 300 ppm. Mild irritation to
acclimatised workers begins at about 750 ppm - unacclimatised subjects
will experience irritation at about 350-500 ppm but acclimatisation can
occur rapidly. Disagreement between the peak bodies is based largely on
the view by ACGIH that widespread use of acetone, without evidence of
significant adverse health effects at higher concentrations, allows
acceptance of a higher limit.
Half-life of acetone in blood is 3 hours which means that no adjustment
for shift-length has to be made with reference to the standard 8 hour/day,
40 hours per week because body clearance occurs within any shift with low
potential for accumulation.
A STEL has been established to prevent excursions of acetone vapours that
could cause depression of the central nervous system.
DIMETHYL ETHER:
The no-effect-level for dimethyl ether is somewhere between 2000 ppm
(rabbits) and 50,000 ppm (humans) with possible cardiac sensitisation
occurring around 200,000 ppm (dogs). The AIHA has adopted a safety factor
of 100 in respect to the 50,000 ppm level in its recommendation for a
workplace environmental exposure level (WEEL) which is thought to protect
against both narcotic and sensitising effects. This level is consistent
with the TLV-TWA of 400 ppm for diethyl ether and should be easily
achievable using current technologies. The use of the traditionally
allowable excursion of 1.25 to the level of 6.25 ppm is felt to be more
than adequate as an upper safe limit of exposure.
Human data:
50,000 ppm (12 mins): Feelings of mild intoxication.
75,000 ppm (12 mins): As above plus slight lack of attenuation.
82,000 ppm (12 mins): Some incoordination, slight blurring of vision
(30 mins): As above plus analgesia of the face and rushing of
blood to the face.
100,000 ppm (10-20 mins): Narcotic symptoms
(64 mins) : Sickness (assumed to be nausea)
144,000 ppm (36 mins): Unconsciousness
HYDROCARBON PROPELLANT:
Not available
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
Safety glasses with side shields.
Chemical goggles.
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Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and concentrate irritants. A written policy document,
describing the wearing of lens or restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This should include a review of
lens absorption and adsorption for the class of chemicals in use and an account of injury experience. Medical and first-aid
personnel should be trained in their removal and suitable equipment should be readily available. In the event of chemical exposure,
begin eye irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens should be removed at the first signs of eye
redness or irritation - lens should be removed in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59]
HANDS/FEET
Suitability and durability of glove type is dependent on usage. Factors such as:
frequency and duration of contact,
chemical resistance of glove material,
glove thickness and
dexterity,
are important in the selection of gloves.
No special equipment needed when handling small quantities.
OTHERWISE:
For potentially moderate exposures:
Wear general protective gloves, eg. light weight rubber gloves.
For potentially heavy exposures:
Wear chemical protective gloves, eg. PVC. and safety footwear.
OTHER
The clothing worn by process operators insulated from earth may develop static charges far higher (up to 100 times) than the minimum
ignition energies for various flammable gas-air mixtures. This holds true for a wide range of clothing materials including cotton. Avoid
dangerous levels of charge by ensuring a low resistivity of the surface material worn outermost.
BRETHERICK: Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards.
No special equipment needed when handling small quantities.
OTHERWISE:
Overalls.
Skin cleansing cream.
Eyewash unit.
Do not spray on hot surfaces.
RESPIRATOR
Selection of the Class and Type of respirator will depend upon the level of breathing zone contaminant and the chemical nature of the
contaminant. Protection Factors (defined as the ratio of contaminant outside and inside the mask) may also be important.
Breathing Zone Level ppm
Maximum Protection Factor Half-face Respirator Full-Face Respirator
(volume)
1000 10 AX-AUS -
1000 50 - AX-AUS
5000 50 Airline * -
5000 100 - AX-2
10000 100 - AX-3
100+ Airline**
* - Continuous Flow ** - Continuous-flow or positive pressure demand.
The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of personal protective equipment required.
For further information consult site specific CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
General exhaust is adequate under normal conditions. If risk of overexposure exists, wear SAA approved respirator. Correct fit is
essential to obtain adequate protection.
Provide adequate ventilation in warehouse or closed storage areas.
Air contaminants generated in the workplace possess varying "escape" velocities which, in turn, determine the "capture velocities" of
fresh circulating air required to effectively remove the contaminant.
Type of Contaminant: Speed:
aerosols, (released at low velocity into zone of active generation) 0.5-1 m/s
direct spray, spray painting in shallow booths, gas discharge
1-2.5 m/s (200-500 f/min.)
(active generation into zone of rapid air motion)
Within each range the appropriate value depends on:
Lower end of the range Upper end of the range
1: Room air currents minimal or favourable to capture 1: Disturbing room air currents
2: Contaminants of low toxicity or of nuisance value only. 2: Contaminants of high toxicity
3: Intermittent, low production. 3: High production, heavy use
4: Large hood or large air mass in motion 4: Small hood-local control only
Simple theory shows that air velocity falls rapidly with distance away from the opening of a simple extraction pipe. Velocity generally
decreases with the square of distance from the extraction point (in simple cases). Therefore the air speed at the extraction point should
be adjusted, accordingly, after reference to distance from the contaminating source. The air velocity at the extraction fan, for example,
should be a minimum of 1-2 m/s (200-400 f/min.) for extraction of solvents generated in a tank 2 meters distant from the extraction
point. Other mechanical considerations, producing performance deficits within the extraction apparatus, make it essential that
theoretical air velocities are multiplied by factors of 10 or more when extraction systems are installed or used.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
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Supplied as an aerosol pack. Contents under PRESSURE. Contains highly flammable hydrocarbon propellant. Coloured flammable
liquid with solvent odour; does not mix with water. Supplied in aerosol pack containing dimethyl ether and hydrocarbon propellant.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Liquid.
Gas.
Does not mix with water.
Molecular Weight: Not applicable. Boiling Range (掳 Not available.
C):
Melting Range (掳 Not available.
C): Specific Gravity (water=1): Not available.
Solubility in water (g/L): Immiscible pH (as supplied): Not applicable
pH (1% solution): Not applicable. Vapour Pressure (kPa): Not available.
Volatile Component (%vol): > 50 Evaporation Rate: Not available
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): Not available. Flash Point (掳 < 0
C):
Lower Explosive Limit (%): Not available. Upper Explosive Limit (%): Not available.
Autoignition Temp (掳 Not available.
C): Decomposition Temp (掳 Not available
C):
State: Liquid Viscosity: Not available
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
Elevated temperatures.
Presence of open flame.
Product is considered stable.
Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
Not normally a hazard due to physical form of product.
Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments.
Central nervous system (CNS) depression may include general discomfort, symptoms of giddiness, headache, dizziness, nausea,
anaesthetic effects, slowed reaction time, slurred speech and may progress to unconsciousness. Serious poisonings may result in
respiratory depression and may be fatal.
Not a likely route of entry into the body in commercial or industrial environments. The liquid may produce considerable gastrointestinal
discomfort and be harmful or toxic if swallowed. Ingestion may cause nausea, pain and vomiting. Vomit entering the lungs by
aspiration can cause inflammation of the lungs, which can lead to death.
EYE
The liquid produces a high level of eye discomfort and is capable of causing pain and severe conjunctivitis. Corneal injury may
develop, with possible permanent impairment of vision, if not promptly and adequately treated.
There is evidence that material may produce eye irritation in some persons and produce eye damage 24 hours or more after
instillation. Severe inflammation may be expected with pain. There may be damage to the cornea. Unless treatment is prompt and
adequate there may be permanent loss of vision. Conjunctivitis can occur following repeated exposure.
Eye contact with alkyl ethers (vapour or liquid) may produce irritation,
redness and tears.
SKIN
The material may accentuate any pre-existing dermatitis condition.
Spray mist may produce discomfort.
Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects.
Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected.
Absorption by skin may readily exceed vapour inhalation exposure. Symptoms for skin absorption are the same as for inhalation.
Skin contact with the material may be harmful; systemic effects may result following absorption.
The material may cause moderate inflammation of the skin either following direct contact or after a delay of some time. Repeated
exposure can cause contact dermatitis which is characterised by redness, swelling and blistering.
INHALED
There is some evidence to suggest that the material can cause respiratory irritation in some persons. The body's response to such
irritation can cause further lung damage.
Inhalation of toxic gases may cause:
Central Nervous System effects including depression, headache, confusion, dizziness, stupor, coma and seizures;
respiratory: acute lung swellings, shortness of breath, wheezing, rapid breathing, other symptoms and respiratory arrest;
heart: collapse, irregular heartbeats and cardiac arrest;
gastrointestinal: irritation, ulcers, nausea and vomiting (may be bloody), and abdominal pain.
Inhalation of vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. This may be accompanied by sleepiness, reduced alertness, loss of
reflexes, lack of co-ordination, and vertigo.
Inhalation of high concentrations of gas/vapour causes lung irritation with coughing and nausea, central nervous depression with
headache and dizziness, slowing of reflexes, fatigue and inco-ordination.
Central nervous system (CNS) depression may include general discomfort, symptoms of giddiness, headache, dizziness, nausea,
anaesthetic effects, slowed reaction time, slurred speech and may progress to unconsciousness. Serious poisonings may result in
respiratory depression and may be fatal.
Material is highly volatile and may quickly form a concentrated atmosphere in confined or unventilated areas. Vapour is heavier than
air and may displace and replace air in breathing zone, acting as a simple asphyxiant. This may happen with little warning of
overexposure.
If exposure to highly concentrated solvent atmosphere is prolonged this may lead to narcosis, unconsciousness, even coma and
possible death.
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WARNING:Intentional misuse by concentrating/inhaling contents may be lethal.
Inhalation of aerosols (mists, fumes), generated by the material during the course of normal handling, may be harmful.
Xylene is a central nervous system depressant.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
Principal route of occupational exposure to the gas is by inhalation.
Substance accumulation, in the human body, may occur and may cause some concern following repeated or long-term occupational
exposure.
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health
by prolonged exposure through inhalation.
This material can cause serious damage if one is exposed to it for long periods. It can be assumed that it contains a substance which
can produce severe defects. This has been demonstrated via both short- and long-term experimentation.
Chronic solvent inhalation exposures may result in nervous system impairment and liver and blood changes. [PATTYS].
Intentional abuse (glue sniffing) or occupational exposure to toluene can result in chronic habituation. Chronic abuse has caused inco-
ordination, tremors of the extremeties (due to widespread cerebrum withering), headache, abnormal speech, temporary memory loss,
convulsions, coma, drowsiness, reduced colour perception, blindness, nystagmus (rapid, involuntary eye movements), hearing loss
leading to deafness and mild dementia. Toluene addicts often display a range of disease phenomena in their nervous systems.
Toluene abuse can cause kidney disease but occupational toluene exposures usually do not cause it. Chronic exposure to toluene can
damage the heart and the blood, especially causing heartbeat irregularities. High concentrations of toluene can harm the unborn baby
and the developing infant.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
Not available. Refer to individual constituents.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
TOLUENE:
Oral (human) LDLo: 50 mg/kg Skin (rabbit): 20 mg/24h- Moderate
Oral (rat) LD50: 636 mg/kg Skin (rabbit): 500 mg - Moderate
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 100 ppm Eye (rabbit): 0.87 mg - Mild
Inhalation (man) TCLo: 200 ppm Eye (rabbit): 2 mg/24h - SEVERE
Inhalation (rat) LC50: >26700 ppm/1h Eye (rabbit): 100 mg/30sec - Mild
Dermal (rabbit) LD50: 12124 mg/kg
The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may produce a contact dermatitis (nonallergic). This
form of dermatitis is often characterised by skin redness (erythema) and swelling the epidermis. Histologically there may be
intercellular oedema of the spongy layer (spongiosis) and intracellular oedema of the epidermis.
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER:
Oral (rat) LD50: 3739 mg/kg Skin (rabbit) 500 mg Open - Mild
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 3000 ppm Eye (rabbit) 230 mg Mild
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 10000 ppm/5 h. Eye (rabbit) 500 mg/24 h. - Mild
Dermal (rabbit) LD50: 13000 mg/kg
NOTE: Exposure of pregnant rats and rabbits to the
substance did not
give rise to teratogenic effects at concentrations up to 3000 ppm.
Fetotoxic effects were seen in rats but not in rabbits at this
concentration; maternal toxicity was noted in both species.
METHYL METHACRYLATE/ N-BMA/ MAA COPOLYMER:
No significant acute toxicological data identified in literature search.
XYLENE:
Oral (human) LDLo: 50 mg/kg Skin (rabbit):500 mg/24h Moderate
Oral (rat) LD50: 4300 mg/kg Eye (human): 200 ppm Irritant
Inhalation (human) TCLo: 200 ppm Eye (rabbit): 87 mg Mild
Inhalation (man) LCLo: 10000 ppm/6h Eye (rabbit): 5 mg/24h SEVERE
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 5000 ppm/4h
Oral (Human) LD: 50 mg/kg
Inhalation (Human) TCLo: 200 ppm/4h
Intraperitoneal (Rat) LD50: 2459 mg/kg
Subcutaneous (Rat) LD50: 1700 mg/kg
Oral (Mouse) LD50: 2119 mg/kg
Intraperitoneal (Mouse) LD50: 1548 mg/kg
Intravenous (Rabbit) LD: 129 mg/kg
Inhalation (Guinea pig) LC: 450 ppm/4h
The material may produce severe irritation to the eye causing pronounced inflammation. Repeated or prolonged exposure to irritants
may produce conjunctivitis.
The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may produce a contact dermatitis (nonallergic). This
form of dermatitis is often characterised by skin redness (erythema) and swelling the epidermis. Histologically there may be
intercellular oedema of the spongy layer (spongiosis) and intracellular oedema of the epidermis.
The substance is classified by IARC as Group 3:
NOT classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.
Evidence of carcinogenicity may be inadequate or limited in animal testing.
Reproductive effector in rats
ACETONE:
Oral (man) TDLo: 2857 mg/kg Eye (human): 500 ppm - Irritant
Oral (rat) LD50: 5800 mg/kg Eye (rabbit): 3.95 mg - SEVERE
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Inhalation (human) TCLo: 500 ppm Eye (rabbit): 20mg/24hr - Moderate
Inhalation (man) TCLo: 12000 ppm/4 hr Skin (rabbit):395mg (open) - Mild
Inhalation (man) TCLo: 10 mg/m鲁/6 hr Skin (rabbit): 500 mg/24hr - Mild
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 50100 mg/m鲁/8 hr
Dermal (rabbit) LD50: 20000 mg/kg
DIMETHYL ETHER:
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 308000 mg/m鲁 Nil Reported
HYDROCARBON PROPELLANT:
Not available. Refer to individual constituents.
MATERIAL CARCINOGEN REPROTOXIN SENSITISER SKIN
toluene IARC:3 ILOEl
xylene IARC:3 ILOEl
CARCINOGEN
IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens: toluene Category:
3
REPROTOXIN
ILOEl: ILO Chemicals in the electronics industry that have toxic effects on
reproduction: toluene
CARCINOGEN
IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens: xylene Category:
3
REPROTOXIN
ILOEl: ILO Chemicals in the electronics industry that have toxic effects on
reproduction: xylene
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Marine Pollutant:Not Determined
The lower molecular weight hydrocarbons are expected to form a "slick" on the surface of waters after release in calm sea conditions.
This is expected to evaporate and enter the atmosphere where it will be degraded through reaction with hydroxy radicals.
Some of the material will become associated with benthic sediments, and it is likely to be spread over a fairly wide area of sea floor.
Marine sediments may be either aerobic or anaerobic. The material, in probability, is biodegradable, under aerobic conditions
(isomerised olefins and alkenes show variable results). Evidence also suggests that the hydrocarbons may be degradable under
anaerobic conditions although such degradation in benthic sediments may be a relatively slow process.
Under aerobic conditions the material will degrade to water and carbon dioxide, while under anaerobic processes it will produce water,
methane and carbon dioxide.
Based on test results, as well as theoretical considerations, the potential for bioaccumulation may be high. Toxic effects are often
observed in species such as blue mussel, daphnia, freshwater green algae, marine copepods and amphipods.
Drinking Water Standards:
hydrocarbon total: 10 ug/l (UK max.).
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
Refer to data for ingredients, which follows:
TOLUENE:
Hazardous Air Pollutant: Yes
Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 7.3- 22.8
BCF<100: 13.2 (EELS
log Kow (Sangster 1997): 2.73
log Pow (Verschueren 1983): 2.69
BOD5: 5%
COD: 21%
ThOD: 3.13
Half- life Soil - High (hours): 528
Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 96
Half- life Air - High (hours): 104
Half- life Air - Low (hours): 10
Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 528
Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 96
Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 672
Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 168
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 528
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 96
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 5040
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 1344
Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours): 75%
Photolysis maximum light absorption - High (nano- m): 268
Photolysis maximum light absorption - Low (nano- m): 253.5
Photooxidation half- life water - High (hours): 1284
Photooxidation half- life water - Low (hours): 321
Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 104
Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 10
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The lower molecular weight hydrocarbons are expected to form a "slick" on the surface of waters after release in calm sea conditions.
This is expected to evaporate and enter the atmosphere where it will be degraded through reaction with hydroxy radicals.
Some of the material will become associated with benthic sediments, and it is likely to be spread over a fairly wide area of sea floor.
Marine sediments may be either aerobic or anaerobic. The material, in probability, is biodegradable, under aerobic conditions
(isomerised olefins and alkenes show variable results). Evidence also suggests that the hydrocarbons may be degradable under
anaerobic conditions although such degradation in benthic sediments may be a relatively slow process.
Under aerobic conditions the material will degrade to water and carbon dioxide, while under anaerobic processes it will produce water,
methane and carbon dioxide.
Based on test results, as well as theoretical considerations, the potential for bioaccumulation may be high. Toxic effects are often
observed in species such as blue mussel, daphnia, freshwater green algae, marine copepods and amphipods.
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
log Kow: 2.1-3
log Koc: 1.12-2.85
Koc: 37-250
log Kom: 1.39-2.89
Half-life (hr) air: 2.4-104
Half-life (hr) H2O surface water: 5.55-528
Half-life (hr) H2O ground: 168-2628
Half-life (hr) soil: <48-240
Henry's Pa m鲁 /mol: 518-694
Henry's atm m鲁 /mol: 5.94E-03
BOD 5 if unstated: 0.86-2.12,5%
COD: 0.7-2.52,21-27%
ThOD: 3.13
BCF: 1.67-380
Log BCF: 0.22-3.28
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER:
Hazardous Air Pollutant: Yes
Half- life Soil - High (hours): 672
Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 168
Half- life Air - High (hours): 40.8
Half- life Air - Low (hours): 4.08
Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 672
Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 168
Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 1344
Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 336
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 672
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 168
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 2688
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 672
Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 40.8
Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 4.08
XYLENE:
Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 13.5
BCF<100: 2.14- 2.20
log Kow (Prager 1995): 3.12- 3.20
Half- life Soil - High (hours): 672
Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 168
Half- life Air - High (hours): 44
Half- life Air - Low (hours): 2.6
Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 672
Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 168
Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 8640
Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 336
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 672
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 168
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 8640
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 4320
Photolysis maximum light absorption - High (nano- m): 269.5
Photolysis maximum light absorption - Low (nano- m): 265
Photooxidation half- life water - High (hours): 2.70E+08
Photooxidation half- life water - Low (hours): 3.90E+05
Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 44
Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 2.6
The lower molecular weight hydrocarbons are expected to form a "slick" on the surface of waters after release in calm sea conditions.
This is expected to evaporate and enter the atmosphere where it will be degraded through reaction with hydroxy radicals.
Some of the material will become associated with benthic sediments, and it is likely to be spread over a fairly wide area of sea floor.
Marine sediments may be either aerobic or anaerobic. The material, in probability, is biodegradable, under aerobic conditions
(isomerised olefins and alkenes show variable results). Evidence also suggests that the hydrocarbons may be degradable under
anaerobic conditions although such degradation in benthic sediments may be a relatively slow process.
Under aerobic conditions the material will degrade to water and carbon dioxide, while under anaerobic processes it will produce water,
methane and carbon dioxide.
Based on test results, as well as theoretical considerations, the potential for bioaccumulation may be high. Toxic effects are often
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observed in species such as blue mussel, daphnia, freshwater green algae, marine copepods and amphipods.
Drinking Water Standards:
hydrocarbon total: 10 ug/l (UK max.).
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
The material is classified as an ecotoxin* because the Fish LC50 (96 hours) is less than or equal to 0.1 mg/l
* Classification of Substances as Ecotoxic (Dangerous to the Environment)
Appendix 8, Table 1
Compiler's Guide for the Preparation of International Chemical Safety Cards: 1993 Commission of the European Communities.
ACETONE:
Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 8300- 40000
Daphnia magna EC50 (48hr.) (mg/l): 10
log Kow (Prager 1995): - 0.24
log Kow (Sangster 1997): - 0.24
log Pow (Verschueren 1983): - 0.24
BOD5: 122%
ThOD: 72
Half- life Soil - High (hours): 168
Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 24
Half- life Air - High (hours): 2790
Half- life Air - Low (hours): 279
Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 168
Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 24
Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 336
Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 48
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 168
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 24
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 672
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 96
Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours): 75%
Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - Low (hours): 54%
Aqueous photolysis half- life - High (hours): 270
Photooxidation half- life water - High (hours): 3.97E+06
Photooxidation half- life water - Low (hours): 9.92E+04
Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 2790
Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 279
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
log Kow: -0.24
Half-life (hr) air: 312-1896
Half-life (hr) H2O surface water: 20
Henry's atm m鲁 /mol: 3.67E-05
BOD 5 if unstated: 0.31-1.76,46-55%
COD: 1.12-2.07
ThOD: 2.2
BCF: 0.69
Toxicity Fish: LC50(96) 5540-13000mg/L
Toxicity invertebrate: cell mult. inhib. 28-7500mg/L
Bioaccumulation: not sig
Nitrif. inhib.: 75% decr. at 840mg/L
Anaerobic effects: sig degrad
Degradation Biological: sig
processes Abiotic: Rxn OH*,photodissoc
In air, acetone is lost by photolysis and reaction with photochemically
produced hydroxyl radicals; the estimated half-life of these combined
processes is about 22 days. The relatively long half-life allows acetone
to be transported long distances from its emission source.
Acetone is highly soluble and slightly persistent in water, with a
half-life of about 20 hours; it is minimally toxic to aquatic life.
Acetone released to soil volatilises although some may leach into the
ground where it rapidly biodegrades.
Acetone does not concentrate in the food chain.
Drinking Water Standard: none available.
Soil Guidelines: none available.
Air Quality Standards: none available.
DIMETHYL ETHER:
Water solubility (mg/l): 35300
log Kow (Sangster 1997): 0.1
log Kow: 0.1-0.12
Koc: 14
Half-life (hr) air: 528
Half-life (hr) H2O surface water: 2.6-30
Henry's atm m鲁 /mol: 9.78E-04
BCF: 1.7
Bioaccumulation: not sig
processes Abiotic: RxnOH*
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Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.
Discharge contents of damaged aerosol cans at an approved site.
Allow small quantities to evaporate.
DO NOT incinerate or puncture aerosol cans.
Bury residues and emptied aerosol cans at an approved site.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
Labels Required: FLAMMABLE GAS
HAZCHEM: 2Y
UNDG:
Dangerous Goods Class: 2.1 Subrisk: None
UN Number: 1950 Packing Group: None
Shipping Name:AEROSOLS
Air Transport IATA:
ICAO/IATA Class: 2.1 ICAO/IATA Subrisk: None
UN/ID Number: 1950 Packing Group: None
ERG Code: 10L
Shipping Name: AEROSOLS, FLAMMABLE
Maritime Transport IMDG:
IMDG Class: 2 IMDG Subrisk: SP63
UN Number: 1950 Packing Group: None
EMS Number: F-D,S-U Marine Pollutant: Not Determined
Shipping Name: AEROSOLS
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE
None
REGULATIONS
toluene (CAS: 108- 88- 3) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code - Processing Aids -
Permitted extraction solvents
Australia - Australian Capital Territory - Environment Protection Regulation:
Ambient environmental standards (Domestic water supply - organic compounds)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory - Environment Protection Regulation:
Pollutants entering waterways taken to cause environmental harm (Aquatic
habitat)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory Environment Protection Regulation
Ecosystem maintenance - Organic chemicals - Non- pesticide anthropogenic
organics
Australia - Australian Capital Territory Environment Protection Regulation
Pollutants entering waterways - Domestic water quality
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Illicit Drug Reagents/Essential Chemicals - Category III
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia National Pollutant Inventory
Australia Poisons Schedule
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) -
Schedule 6
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Noxious Liquid Substances Carried in Bulk
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and
Psychotropic Substances - Table II
United Nations List of Precursors and Chemicals Frequently used in the Illicit
Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Under International
Control - Table II (English)
WHO Guidelines for Drinking- water Quality - Guideline values for chemicals that
are of health significance in drinking- water
propylene glycol monomethyl ether (CAS: 107- 98- 2) is found on the following
regulatory lists;
Australia Exposure Standards
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Hazard Alert Code:
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Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) -
Schedule 6
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Noxious Liquid Substances Carried in Bulk
International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume
List
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
propylene glycol monomethyl ether (CAS: 1320- 67- 8) is found on the following
regulatory lists;
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) -
Schedule 6
methyl methacrylate/ n- BMA/ MAA copolymer (CAS: 28262- 63- 7) is found on the
following regulatory lists;
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
xylene (CAS: 1330- 20- 7) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - Australian Capital Territory - Environment Protection Regulation:
Ambient environmental standards (Domestic water supply - organic compounds)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory Environment Protection Regulation
Pollutants entering waterways - Domestic water quality
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia National Pollutant Inventory
Australia Poisons Schedule
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) -
Schedule 6
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Noxious Liquid Substances Carried in Bulk
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens
International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume
List
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
WHO Guidelines for Drinking- water Quality - Guideline values for chemicals that
are of health significance in drinking- water
acetone (CAS: 67- 64- 1) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code - Processing Aids -
Permitted extraction solvents
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Illicit Drug Reagents/Essential Chemicals - Category III
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia National Pollutant Inventory
Australia Poisons Schedule
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) -
Schedule 5
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Other Liquid Substances
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and
Psychotropic Substances - Table II
United Nations List of Precursors and Chemicals Frequently used in the Illicit
Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Under International
Control - Table II (English)
dimethyl ether (CAS: 115- 10- 6) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) -
Schedule 6
International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume
List
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
hydrocarbon propellant (CAS: 68476- 85- 7) is found on the following regulatory
lists;
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
hydrocarbon propellant (CAS: 68476- 86- 8) is found on the following regulatory
lists;
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
No data available for propylene glycol monomethyl ether as CAS: 28677- 93- 2.
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
Ingredients with multiple CAS Nos
Ingredient Name CAS
propylene glycol monomethyl ether 107-98-2, 1320-67-8, 28677-93-2
hydrocarbon propellant 68476-85-7, 68476-86-8
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Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet Revision No: 2 Chemwatch 43757
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REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH GUIDELINES
Established occupational exposure limits frequently do not take into consideration reproductive end points that are clearly below the
thresholds for other toxic effects. Occupational reproductive guidelines (ORGs) have been suggested as an additional standard. These
have been established after a literature search for reproductive no -observed-adverse effect-level (NOAEL) and the lowest-observed-
adverse-effect-level (LOAEL). In addition the US EPA's procedures for risk assessment for hazard identification and dose-response
assessment as applied by NIOSH were used in the creation of such limits. Uncertainty factors (UFs) have also been incorporated.
Ingredient ORG UF Endpoi CR Adeq nt TLV toluene 9.6 mg/m3 10 D NA - xylene 1.5 mg/m3 10 D NA - These exposure guidelines
have been derived from a screening level of risk assessment and should not be construed as unequivocally safe limits. ORGS
represent an 8-hour time -weighted average unless specified otherwise. CR = Cancer Risk/10000; UF = Uncertainty factor: TLV
believed to be adequate to protect reproductive health: LOD: Limit of detection Toxic endpoints have also been identified as: D =
Developmental; R = Reproductive; TC = Transplacental carcinogen Jankovic J., Drake F.: A Screening Method for Occupational
Reproductive American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 57: 641-649 (1996).
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or criticism, as permitted
under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572
4700.
Issue Date: 22-Aug-2006
Print Date: 30-Mar-2007
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