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File Name: healthlinkinc_net---CTech6.asp
  CitriGuard庐 II
Technical Bulletin 6
Canine Parvovirus
Since 1978, canine parvoviral enteritis has been reported among both wild and
domestic canines from the various parts of the world. Infection was initially thought
to have high morbidity and mortality in dogs of all ages, but it has become less
widespread and more inapparent as exposure in the dog population increased.
Current estimates of seroprevalence suggestive of recent canine parvovirus (CPV)
infection are thought to be as high as 50%. Another manifestation of infection with
CPV, myocardial disease, was initially reported as frequently as the enteric form, but
its incidence is now rare.

Dogs appear to be the primary reservoirs for infection, but other canine species have
been shown to be infected. Most dogs probably contract the disease by contacting
fomites contaminated by minute amounts of feces from infected dogs. Feces is the
primary mode of spread of infective CPV particles, so the potential for transmission
from animal to animal is great . The virus may also be spread by vomitus and saliva
during acute illness. Direct contact between dogs is not required because of virus
stability.

Parvoviruses survive extremes in pH and temperature and exposure to common
disinfectants which allows them to persist for long periods of time. CPV is known to
survive for at least 6 months in the refrigerator at 4 to 10o C, 2 weeks at 37o C, 24
hours at 56o C and 15 minutes at 80o C. There is only slight loss of infectivity after 3
months at room temperature, and the virus probably survives for months or years in
the feces in the environment. The virus can be inactivated by solutions of formalin,
sodium hypochlorite, beta-propiolactone, hydroxylamine, oxidizing agents,
quaternary ammonium compounds, and UV radiation.

Recent studies* demonstrate that CitriGuard餂? II is effective against CPV. CitriGuard
II鈥檚 ready to use formula is safe for use on inanimate, non-porous surfaces such as
stainless steel, laminated counter tops, ceramic tile, vinyl flooring and vinyl
upholstery.

*Study data available upon request
Source: Greene, Craig E, Clinical microbiology and infectious diseases of the dog and cat: 1984 WB Saunders Co. 437-53

April 2003
P:\Resource Book\Disinfectants\CitriGuard II\CG tech bulletins.pub

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