Material Safety Data Sheet
Revision Issued: 10/24/2007 Supercedes: 7/20/2004 First Issued: 12/01/1986
Section I - Chemical Product And Company Identification
Product Name: Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Synonyms/Common Names
Muriatic Acid, Hydrogen Chloride Solution, Chlorohydric Acid, HCl
CAS Number: 7647-01-0 HBCC MSDS No. CM15000
1675 No. Main Street, Orange, California 92867
Telephone No: 714-998-8800 | Chemtrec: 800-424-9300
Section II - Composition/Information on Ingredients
Exposure Limits (TWAs) in Air
Chemical Name CAS Number % ACGIH TLV OSHA PEL STEL
Hydrochloric Acid
7647-01-0 31.45 2 ppm 5 ppm N/A
(Hydrogen Chloride)
Section III - Hazard Identification
Routes of Exposure: This product may affect the body either through ingestion,
inhalation, or contact with the eyes and/or skin.
Summary of Acute Health Hazards
Ingestion: If ingested, solutions can cause corrosive burns to the mouth, throat,
esophagus and stomach. Symptoms may include difficulty in swallowing, intense
thirst, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and in severe cases, collapse and death. Small
amounts of acid which enter the lungs during ingestion or aspiration while vomiting
can cause serious lung injury and death.
Inhalation: Vapor or mist from concentrated solutions can cause severe nasal
irritation, sore throat, choking, coughing and difficulty breathing (50-100 ppm).
Prolonged exposures can cause burns and ulcers to the nose and throat. Severe
exposures (e.g. 1000-2000 ppm), for even a few minutes, can cause a life-
threatening accumulation of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema). Symptoms of
pulmonary edema such as shortness of breath can be delayed for several hours after
the exposure.
Skin: Contact with the skin may cause severe irritation, skin burns and permanent
skin damage. Prolonged exposure may result in ulcerating burns which could leave
scars. Prolonged and repeated exposure to dilute solutions often causes irritation,
redness, pain and drying and cracking of the skin.
Eyes: Contact with the eyes may cause severe irritation, eye burns and permanent
eye damage, which may result in permanent blindness. Low concentrations of vapors
or mist (10-35 ppm) can be immediately irritating, causing redness.
Summary of Acute Health Hazards: This solution is corrosive, and can burn and
damage eyes, skin, mucous membranes, and any other exposed tissue. If inhaled,
Product Name: Hydrochloric Acid Solution 1
irritation of the respiratory system may occur, with coughing, and breathing
difficulty. Though unlikely to occur during occupational use, ingestion of large
quantities may be fatal.
Summary of Chronic Health Hazards: Prolonged and repeated exposure to dilute
solutions often causes irritation, redness, pain and drying and cracking of the skin.
Repeated exposure to low concentrations of mist can cause brownish discoloration
and damage to tooth enamel. Dental erosion becomes more severe with increased
exposure. Repeated exposure to low concentrations can cause nose and gum
bleeding. Chronic bronchitis and stomach pain (gastritis) have also been reported.
Effects of Overexposure: The most significant routes of occupational overexposure
are inhalation and contact with skin and eyes.
Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure: Hydrogen chloride
(Hydrochloric Acid) is a respiratory irritant. Persons with impaired pulmonary
function may be at increased risk from exposure. Periodic surveillance is indicated.
Note to Physicians: This product may cause severe pneumonitis if aspirated. If
ingestion has occurred less than 2 hours earlier, carry out careful gastric lavage; use
endotracheal cuff if available, to prevent aspiration. Observe patient for respiratory
difficulty from aspiration pneumonitis. Give artificial resuscitation and appropriate
chemotherapy if respiration is depressed. Following exposure the patient should be
kept under medical review for at least 48 hours as delayed pneumonitis may occur.
DO NOT attempt to neutralize the acid with weak bases since the reaction will
produce heat that may extend the corrosive injury.
Section IV - First Aid Measures
Ingestion: If this product is swallowed, CALL PHYSICIAN OR POISON CONTROL
CENTER FOR MOST CURRENT INFORMATION. If professional advice is not available,
do not induce vomiting. Victim should rinse mouth with large amounts of water.
Victim should drink one glass of water to dilute the ingested material. If spontaneous
vomiting occurs, have victim lean forward with head down to avoid breathing in of
vomitus, rinse mouth and administer more water. Never induce vomiting or give
water to someone who is unconscious having convulsions, or who cannot swallow.
Inhalation: If vapors, mists, or sprays of this product are inhaled, remove victim to
fresh air. Give artificial respiration ONLY if breathing has stopped. Do not use mouth-
to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance: induce artificial
respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other
proper respiratory medical device. Give Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) if there
is no pulse AND no breathing. Obtain medical attention IMMEDIATELY. Symptoms
may appear up to 48 hours after exposure.
Skin: Immediately flush contaminated skin with water and wash with soap and
water. If large areas of the body are contaminated or if clothing is penetrated,
immediately use safety shower preferably removing clothing while under the shower.
Flush exposed areas with large amounts of water for at least 30 minutes. Keep
affected area cool. GET PROMPT MEDICAL ATTENTION. Wash clothing before reuse.
Destroy contaminated shoes.
Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with a directed stream of water for at least 20
minutes. Forcibly hold eyelids apart to ensure complete irrigation of all eye and lid
tissue. Do not use chemical antidotes. Speed is essential. GET IMMEDIATE MEDICAL
ATTENTION.
Section V - Fire Fighting Measures
Flash Point: N/A Autoignition Temperature: N/A
Lower Explosive Limit: N/A Upper Explosive Limit: N/A
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards: This product is corrosive, and presents a
Product Name: Hydrochloric Acid Solution 2
significant inhalation and contact hazard to fire-fighters. This product will not
decompose at temperatures below 1500潞C (2730潞F). Thermal oxidative
decomposition produces toxic chlorine fumes and explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts
with active metals (potassium, sodium, calcium, powdered aluminum, zinc,
magnesium) to produce flammable hydrogen gas which can form explosive mixtures.
May also form hydrogen chloride, and acid vapors. Explosive concentrations of
hydrogen may accumulate inside metal equipment.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, fog, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemicals,
CO2, or other agents as appropriate for surrounding fire. Neutralize with soda ash or
slaked lime. Do NOT use straight streams of water. Most foams will react with the
material and release corrosive/toxic gases. Do not use carbon dioxide if cyanides are
involved in a fire. Water fog is effective for controlling vapors. Controlled water
addition is an effective method to reduce vapor pressure and control vapor
emissions.
Special Firefighting Procedures: Use self-contained breathing apparatus and full
protective equipment. If possible, prevent run-off water from entering storm drains,
bodies of water, or other environmentally sensitive areas.
Section VI - Accidental Release Measures
Spill and Leak Response: uncontrolled releases should be responded to by trained
personnel using pre-planned procedures. Proper protective equipment should be
used. In case of a spill, clear the affected area, protect people and respond with
trained personnel. The proper personal protective equipment for incidental releases
(e.g.-1 L of the product released in a well-ventilated area) use impermeable gloves,
specific for the material handled, goggles, face shield, respirator and appropriate
body protection.
In the event of a large release, don proper protective equipment, use impermeable
gloves, specific for the material handled, chemically resistant suit and boots, and
hard hat. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus or respirator may be required where
engineering controls are not adequate or conditions for potential exposure exist.
When respirators are required, Select NIOSH/MSHA approved based on actual or
potential airborne concentrations in accordance with latest OSHA and/or ANSI
recommendations.
Deny access to the area. Determine isolation distance. Stop leak at source, dike
area, pick up with pump as much material as possible, prevent material from
entering waterway, prevent contact with other chemicals. Absorb spilled liquid with
polypads or other suitable absorbent materials. Neutralize residue with lime or soda
ash or other acid-neutralizing agent. Decontaminate the area thoroughly. Test area
with litmus paper to confirm neutralization. Place all spill residues in a suitable
container. Dispose of in accordance with Federal, State and local hazardous waste
disposal regulations (see Section XIII)
Section VII - Handling and Storage
All employees who handle this material should be trained to handle it safely. Avoid
breathing mists or sprays generated by this product. Use in a well-ventilated
location.
For Non-Bulk Containers - Open containers slowly, on a stable surface. Containers
of this product must be properly labeled. Only store in acid-resistant containers.
Store containers in a cool, dry location, away from direct sunlight, sources of intense
heat, or where freezing is possible. Material should be stored in secondary
containers, or in a diked area, as appropriate. Store containers away from
incompatible chemicals. Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Wash
thoroughly after using this material. Storage areas should be made of fire-resistant
Product Name: Hydrochloric Acid Solution 3
materials. If appropriate, post warning signs in storage and use areas. Inspect all
incoming containers before storage containers are properly labeled and not
damaged.
Empty containers may contain residual liquid. Therefore, empty containers should be
handled with care.
Bulk Containers 鈥? All tanks and pipelines which contain this material must be
labeled. All equipment must be designed for use with this product. Perform routine
maintenance on tanks or pipelines which contain this product. Report all leaks
immediately to the proper personnel.
Tank Car Shipments 鈥? Tank cars carrying this product should be loaded and
unloaded in strict accordance with tank-car manufacturer鈥檚 recommendation and all
established on-site safety procedures. Appropriate personal protective must be used
(see Section VIII). All loading and unloading equipment must be inspected prior to
each use. Loading and unloading operations must be attended, at all times. Tank
cars must be level, brakes must be set or wheels must be locked or blocked prior to
loading and unloading. Tank car (for loading) or storage tank (for unloading) must be
verified to be correct for receiving this product and properly prepared, prior to
starting the transfer operations. All equipment must be designed for use with this
product. Hoses must be verified to be clean and free of incompatible chemicals, prior
to connection to the tank car or vessel. Valves and hoses must be verified to be in
the correct positions, before starting transfer operations. A sample (if required) must
be taken and verified (if required) prior to starting transfer operations. All lines must
be blown-down and purged before disconnecting them from the tank car or vessel.
Protective Practices During Maintenance of Contaminated Equipment 鈥?
Follow practices indicated in Section VI. Make certain application equipment is locked
and tagged-out safely. Always use this product in areas where adequate ventilation
is provided. Decontaminate equipment before maintenance begins by a triple-rinse
with water followed, if necessary, by using acid neutralizing agent and an additional
rinse. Collect all rinsates and dispose of according to applicable Federal, State, or
local regulations.
Section VIII - Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Respiratory Protection: Use approved organic vapor acid-gas respirator for areas
where airborne exposure is excessive. For a higher level of protection use positive
pressure supplied air respiration protection or self-contained breathing apparatus or
if oxygen levels are below 19.5% or are unknown.
Ventilation: Provide good general room ventilation to minimize exposure. Use local
exhaust and corrosion-resistant ventilation at points of vapor emission. System
should be discharged into absorption media.
Protective Clothing: Wear protective gloves such as rubber or neoprene to
minimize skin contact. Use of rubberized coveralls and rubber shoes are suggested.
Wash thoroughly after use. In case of emergency, or where there is a possibility of
considerable exposure, wear complete acid suit with hood and forced air or self
contained breathing apparatus.
Eye Protection: Wear safety glasses with side shields or chemical goggles. Person
subject to hydrochloric acid exposure should not wear contact lenses. Face shields
are recommended when the operation can generate splashes, sprays or mists.
Other Protective Clothing or Equipment: Eye wash and safety shower should be
in close proximity.
Work/Hygienic Practices: All employees who handle this product should wash
their hands before eating, drinking, smoking, or using toilet facilities.
Product Name: Hydrochloric Acid Solution 4
Section IX - Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical State: Liquid pH: < 1.0
Melting Point/Range: -74掳C; -101掳F Boiling Point/Range: 53掳C; 127掳F
Appearance/Color/Odor: Clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a sharp,
pungent, irritating odor.
Solubility in Water: Complete Vapor Pressure (mmHg): 20 @ 20掳C
Specific Gravity (Water=1): 1.16 Molecular Weight: 36.46
Vapor Density (Air=1): 1.27 % Volatiles (by volume): 100
Density (lb/gal@15.6掳C): 9.67
How to detect this compound: Litmus paper will turn red upon contact with even
low concentrations of this solution.
Section X - Stability and Reactivity
Stability: Stable Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur
Conditions to Avoid: Heat or fire, runoff to sewer, inhalation of gas, sparks where
hydrogen may be present.
Materials to Avoid: Contact with metals and strong oxidizers. Reacts
exothermically with alkalis, metal oxides, amines, active metals carbonates, and
sulfides. Reacts with oxidizers to give chlorine gas. Reacts with cyanides to give
hydrogen cyanide gas. Reacts with sulfides to give hydrogen sulfide gas. Reacts with
formaldehyde to give bischloromethyl ether (an OSHA regulated carcinogen). Reacts
with amines to form ammonia. Reacts with carbonates to form carbon dioxide. Other
materials to avoid are: Bases, acetic anhydride, alkali metals, aluminum, copper,
copper alloys, fluorine, iron, sodium hydroxide, steel, sulfuric acid, vinyl acetate,
zinc, potassium permanganate, cesium acetylene carbide, rubidium acetylene
carbide, rubidium carbide, sodium, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum carbonates, perchloric
acid, calcium phosphide, metal oxides, acetates, cesium carbide, beta-propiolactone,
ethyleneimine, propylene oxide, lithium silicides, alcohols + hydrogen cyanide, 2-
aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, calcium carbide, 1,1-difluoroethylene, ethylene
diamine, magnesium boride, mercuric sulfate, silver perchlorate + carbon
tetrachloride, uranium phosphide.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Flammable hydrogen gas can be produced
by the reaction with most metals. Chlorine will be released by mixing with strong
oxidizers. Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide. When heated to
decomposition, emits toxic hydrogen chloride fumes and will react with water or
steam to produce heat and toxic and corrosive fumes. Thermal oxidative
decomposition produces toxic chlorine fumes and exlosive hydrogen gas.
Section XI - Toxicological Information
LD50 (rabbit): 900 mg/kg. @ 100% HCl.
LD50 (rat): 3124 ppm/1 hour @ 100% HCl.
LC50 (inhalation, mouse) = 1108 ppm/1 hr.
Section XII - Ecological Information
Rapidly hydrolyzes when exposed to water. Will exhibit extensive evaporation from
soil surfaces. Upon transport through the soil, hydrochloric acid will dissolve some of
the soil materials (especially those with carbonate bases) and the acid will neutralize
to some degree.
LC50 mosquito fish = 282 mg/l 96 hours
Product Name: Hydrochloric Acid Solution 5
LC50 fathead minnow = 21900 ug/l 96 hours
LC50 trout = 10 mg/l 24 hours
LC50 shrimp = 100 to 330 mg/l 48 hours (salt water)
LC50 gold fish = 178 mg/l 48 hours (salt water)
Section XIII - Disposal Considerations
Dispose of spilled or wasted product, contaminated soil and other contaminated
materials in licensed landfill or treatment facility in accordance with all local, state
and federal regulations.
Section XIV - Transport Information
DOT Proper Shipping Description : UN1789, Hydrochloric Acid, 8, PG II
Section XV - Regulatory Information
Reportable Quantity: (CERCLA) 5000 Pounds (2270 Kilograms) (527.42 Gals)
NFPA Rating: Health - 3; Flammability - 0; Instability - 1
0=Insignificant 1=Slight 2=Moderate 3=High 4=Extreme
Uniform Fire Code Rating: Class 3 Water-Reactive Material
Carcinogenicity Lists: No NTP: No OSHA Regulated: No
IARC Monograph: Hydrogen Chloride - Group 3 Carcinogen
EPCRA Section 302 (EHS) TPQ: 500 Lbs.
EPCRA Section 304 (EHS) RQ: 5,000 Lbs.
CAA 112(r) TQ: 5,000 Lbs.
Section 313 Supplier Notification: This product contains the following toxic
chemical(s) subject to the reporting requirements of SARA TITLE III Section 313 of
the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To Know Act of 1986 and of 40 CFR
372:
Chemical Name % By Weight
CAS #
7647-01-0 Hydrochloric Acid (Hydrogen Chloride) 31.45%
Section XVI - Other Information
Hydrochloric Acid contains approx. 30-35% Hydrogen Chloride
Synonyms/Common Names: Muriatic Acid
Chemical Family/Type: Inorganic Acid
Sections changed since last revision: II, IX, X, XIV, XV, XVI
IMPORTANT! Read this MSDS before use or disposal of this product. Pass along the
information to employees and any other persons who could be exposed to the
product to be sure that they are aware of the information before use or other
exposure. This MSDS has been prepared according to the OSHA Hazard
Communication Standard [29 CFR 1910.1200]. The MSDS information is based on
sources believed to be reliable. However, since data, safety standards, and
government regulations are subject to change and the conditions of handling and
use, or misuse are beyond our control, Hill Brothers Chemical Company makes no
warranty, either expressed or implied, with respect to the completeness or
continuing accuracy of the information contained herein and disclaims all liability for
reliance thereon. Also, additional information may be necessary or helpful for specific
conditions and circumstances of use. It is the user's responsibility to determine the
suitability of this product and to evaluate risks prior to use, and then to exercise
appropriate precautions for protection of employees and others.
Product Name: Hydrochloric Acid Solution 6
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