United States Steel Corporation
Material Safety Data Sheet
USS Code Number: 1C001
Original Issue Date: 08/01/85 Revised: 06/04
Section 1 - Chemical Product and Company Identification
Slabs, Blooms, Ingots, Tube Rounds 鈥? Carbon Steel
Product/Chemical Name:
Semi-Finished Carbon Steel
Common Name:
Manufacturer: United States Steel Corporation, 600 Grant Street, Room 2514H, Pittsburgh, PA 15219-2800
General Information: (412) 433-6840 (8:00 am to 5:00 pm); FAX: (412) 433-5016
Off-Hour Emergency Phone Number: (412) 433-5811
Section 2 - Composition / Information on Ingredients
Percentage
CAS
OSHA PEL 1 ACGIH TLV 2
Ingredient Name
Number by wt.
Base Metal
Iron 7439-89-6 >96 10 mg/m鲁 - Iron oxide fume 5 mg/m鲁 - Iron oxide dust and fume
Alloying Elements
Aluminum 7429-90-5 0.10 max. 15 mg/m鲁 - Total dust 10 mg/m鲁 - Metal Dust
5 mg/m鲁 - Respirable fraction 5 mg/m鲁 - Welding fume
Boron 7440-42-8 0.006 max. 15 mg/m鲁 - Total dust (as Boron oxide) 10 mg/m鲁 - Boron oxide
5 mg/m3 鈥? Calcium oxide 2 mg/m3 鈥? Calcium oxide
Calcium 7440-70-2 0.10 max.
15 mg/m鲁 -Total dust (PNOR) 3 10 mg/m鲁 - Inhalable fraction4 (PNOS) 5
Carbon 7440-44-0 0.70 max.
3 mg/m鲁 - Respirable fraction6 (PNOS)
5 mg/m鲁 - Respirable fraction (PNOR)
0.2 mg/m3 鈥? Fume
Copper 7440-50-8 0.60 max. 0.1 mg/m鲁 - Fume (as Cu)
1 mg/m3 鈥? Dusts & mists (as Cu)
1 mg/m鲁 - Dusts & mists (as Cu)
Manganese 7439-96-5 1.65 max. 5 mg/m鲁 (C) - Fume & Mn compounds 0.2 mg/m鲁
Phosphorus 8049-19-2 0.15 max. 15 mg/m鲁 - Total dust (PNOR) 10 mg/m鲁 - Inhalable fraction (PNOS)
5 mg/m鲁 - Respirable fraction ( PNOR) 3 mg/m鲁 - Respirable fraction (PNOS)
Silicon 7440-21-3 0.60max. 15 mg/m鲁 - Total dust 10 mg/m鲁
5 mg/m鲁 - Respirable fraction
Sulfur 7704-34-9 0.30 max. 15 mg/m鲁 - Total dust (PNOR) 10 mg/m鲁 - Inhalable fraction (PNOS)
5 mg/m鲁 - Respirable fraction (PNOR) 3 mg/m鲁 - Respirable fraction (PNOS)
Notes:
鈥? All commercial steel products may contain small amounts of various elements in addition to those specified. These small quantities (less than 0.1%) may
exist as intentional additions, or as 鈥渢race鈥? or 鈥渞esidual鈥? elements that generally originate in the raw materials used. These elements may include:
aluminum, antimony, arsenic, boron, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, columbium, copper, lead, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, tin, titanium,
vanadium, and zirconium.
1
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) are 8-hour TWA (time-weighted average) concentrations unless otherwise noted. A (鈥淐鈥?) designation denotes a
ceiling limit, which should not be exceeded during any part of the working exposure unless otherwise noted. A Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) is
defined as a 15-minute exposure, which should not be exceeded at any time during a workday.
2
Threshold Limit Values (TLV) established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) are 8-hour TWA concentrations
unless otherwise noted.
3
PNOR (Particulates Not Otherwise Regulated). All inert or nuisance dusts, whether mineral, inorganic, or organic, not listed specifically by substance name
are covered by the PNOR limit which is the same as the inert or nuisance dust limit of 15 mg/m3 for total dust and 5 mg/m3 for the respirable fraction.
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USS Code No.: 1C001 Slabs, Blooms, Ingots, Tube Rounds 鈥? Carbon Steel Rev. 06/04
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Inhalable fraction. The concentration of inhalable particulate for the application of this TLV is to be determined from the fraction passing a size-selector with
the characteristics defined in the ACGIH TLVs and BEIs Appendix D, paragraph A.
5
PNOS (Particulates Not Otherwise Specified). Particulates identified under the PNOS heading are 鈥渘uisance dusts鈥? containing no asbestos and <1%
crystalline silica. A TWA-TLV of 10 mg/m3 for inhalable particulate and 3 mg/m3 for respirable particulate has been recommended.
6
Respirable fraction. The concentration of respirable dust for the application of this limit is to be determined from the fraction passing a size-selector with the
characteristics defined in the ACGIH TLVs and BEIs Appendix D, paragraph C.
Section 3 - Hazards Identification
Emergency Overview
This formed solid metal product poses little or no immediate health or fire hazard. When product is subjected to welding,
burning, melting, sawing, brazing, grinding, or other similar processes, potentially hazardous airborne particulate and fumes
may be generated. Avoid inhalation of metal dusts and fumes. Operations having the potential to generate airborne
particulates should be performed in well ventilated areas and, if appropriate, respiratory protection and other personal
protective equipment should be used. Iron or steel foreign bodies imbedded in the cornea of the eye may produce rust
stains unless removed fairly promptly.
Potential Health Effects
Primary Entry Routes: Inhalation. Steel products in the natural state do not present an inhalation, ingestion or contact hazard. However,
operations such as burning, welding, sawing, brazing, machining and grinding may result in the following effects if exposures exceed
recommended limits as listed in Section 2.
Target Organs: Respiratory system
Acute Effects:
鈥? Inhalation: Excessive exposure to high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to the eyes, skin and mucous membranes of the
upper respiratory tract. Excessive inhalation of fumes of freshly formed metal oxide particles sized below 1.5 microns and usually
between 0.02-0.05 microns from many metals can produce an acute reaction known as 鈥渕etal fume fever鈥?. Symptoms consist of
chills and fever (very similar to and easily confused with flu symptoms), metallic taste in the mouth, dryness and irritation of the throat
followed by weakness and muscle pain. The symptoms come on in a few hours after excessive exposures and usually last from 12 to
48 hours. Long-term effects from metal fume fever have not been noted. Freshly formed oxide fumes of manganese and copper have
been associated with causing metal fume fever.
鈥? Eye: Excessive exposure to high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to the eyes. Particles of iron or iron compounds, which
become imbedded in the eye, may cause rust stains unless removed fairly promptly. Torching or burning operations on steel products
with oil coatings may produce emissions that can be irritating to the eyes.
鈥? Skin: Skin contact with dusts may cause irritation or sensitization, possibly leading to dermatitis. Repeated or prolonged contact with
oil residue may cause skin irritation, dermatitis or allergic reactions in sensitized individuals.
鈥? Ingestion: Ingestion of harmful amounts of this product as distributed is unlikely due to its solid insoluble form. Ingestion of dust
may cause nausea or vomiting.
Chronic Effects: Chronic inhalation of metallic fumes and dusts are associated with the following conditions:
鈥? IRON OXIDE: Chronic inhalation of excessive concentrations of iron oxide fumes or dusts may result in the development of a benign
pneumoconiosis, called siderosis, which is observable as an X-ray change. No physical impairment of lung function has been
associated with siderosis.
鈥? ALUMINUM: Aluminum dusts/fines are a low health risk by inhalation and should be treated as a nuisance dust.
鈥? BORON: Boron oxide dusts and fumes may cause upper respiratory tract and eye irritation, dryness of the mouth, nose or throat, and
sore throat and productive cough.
鈥? CALCIUM: Depending on the concentration and duration of exposure, repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause inflammation of
the respiratory passages, ulcers of the mucous membranes, and possible perforation of the nasal septum. Repeated or prolonged skin
contact may cause dermatitis.
鈥? CARBON: Chronic inhalation of high concentrations to carbon may cause pulmonary disorders.
鈥? COPPER: Chronic exposure to copper dusts may result in runny nose, irritation of mucous membranes, and atrophic changes with
resultant dementia. Chronic inhalation of copper dust has caused, in animals, hemolysis of the red blood cells, deposition of
hemofuscin in the liver and pancreas, injury to lung cells and gastrointestinal symptoms.
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USS Code No.: 1C001 Slabs, Blooms, Ingots, Tube Rounds 鈥? Carbon Steel Rev. 06/04
鈥? MANGANESE: Chronic exposure to high concentrations of manganese fumes and dusts may adversely affect the central nervous
system with symptoms including languor, sleepiness, weakness, emotional disturbances, spastic gait, mask-like facial expression and
paralysis. Animal studies indicate that manganese exposure may increase susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections.
鈥? PHOSPHOROUS: Inhalation of dusts and fumes of ferrophosphorus and phosphorous oxides may cause respiratory irritation.
鈥? SILICON: Silicon dusts are a low health risk by inhalation and should be treated as a nuisance dust.
鈥? SULFUR: Sulfur compounds, present in the fumes, may irritate the skin, eyes, lungs and gastrointestinal tract.
Long-term inhalation exposure to high concentrations (over-exposure) to pneumoconiotic agents may act synergistically with inhalation of
oxides, fumes or dusts of this product to cause toxic effects.
Carcinogenicity: The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the National Toxicology Program (NTP), and OSHA do not list
steel products as carcinogens. IARC identifies welding fumes as a Group 2B carcinogen, a mixture that is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Long-Term Exposure: Individuals with chronic respiratory disorders (i.e., asthma, chronic bronchitis,
emphysema, etc.) may be adversely affected by any fume or airborne particulate matter exposure.
SARA Potential Hazard Categories: Immediate Acute Health Hazard; Delayed Chronic Health Hazard.
Section 4 - First Aid Measures
Inhalation: For over-exposure to airborne fumes and particulate, remove exposed person to fresh air. If breathing is difficult or has stopped,
administer artificial respiration or oxygen as indicated. Seek medical attention promptly. Metal fume fever may be treated by bed rest, and
administering a pain and fever reducing medication.
Eye Contact: Flush with large amounts of clean water to remove particles. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash affected areas with soap or mild detergent and water. If thermal burn has occurred, flush
area with cold water and seek medical attention. If mechanical abrasion has occurred, seek medical attention.
Ingestion: Not a probable route of industrial exposure. However, if ingested, seek medical attention immediately.
Section 5 - Fire-Fighting Measures
Flash Point: Not applicable LEL: Not applicable
Flash Point Method: Not applicable UEL: Not applicable
Burning Rate: Not applicable Auto-ignition Temperature: Not applicable
Flammability Classification: Non-flammable, non-combustible
Extinguishing Media: Not applicable for solid product. Use extinguishers appropriate for surrounding materials.
Unusual Fire or Explosion Hazards: Not applicable for solid product. Do not use water on molten metal.
Hazardous Combustion Products: At temperatures above the melting point, fumes containing metal oxides and other alloying elements may
be liberated.
Fire-Fighting Instructions: Do not release runoff from fire control methods to sewers or waterways.
Fire-Fighting Equipment: Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or positive-
pressure mode and full protective clothing.
Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures
Spill/Leak Procedures: Not applicable to steel in solid state. For spills involving finely divided particles, clean-up personnel should be
protected against contact with eyes and skin. If material is in a dry state, avoid inhalation of dust. Fine, dry material should be removed by
vacuuming or wet sweeping methods to prevent spreading of dust. Avoid using compressed air. Do not release into sewers or waterways.
Collect material in appropriate, labeled containers for recovery or disposal in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations.
Regulatory Requirements: Follow applicable OSHA regulations (29 CFR 1910.120) and all other pertinent state and federal requirements.
Disposal: Contact your supplier or a licensed contractor for detailed recommendations. Follow applicable Federal, state, and local regulations.
Section 7 - Handling and Storage
Handling Precautions: Operations with the potential for generating high concentrations of airborne particulates should be evaluated and
controlled as necessary. Practice good housekeeping. Avoid breathing metal fumes and/or dust.
Storage Requirements: Store away from acids and incompatible materials.
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USS Code No.: 1C001 Slabs, Blooms, Ingots, Tube Rounds 鈥? Carbon Steel Rev. 06/04
Section 8 - Exposure Controls / Personal Protection
Engineering Controls: Use controls as appropriate to minimize exposure to metal fumes and dusts during handling operations.
Ventilation: Provide general or local exhaust ventilation systems to minimize airborne concentrations. Local exhaust ventilation is preferred
because it prevents contaminant dispersion into the work area by controlling it at its source.
Administrative Controls: Do not use compressed air to clean-up spills.
Respiratory Protection: Seek professional advice prior to respirator selection and use. Follow OSHA respirator regulations
(29 CFR 1910.134) and, if necessary, wear a NIOSH-approved respirator. Select respirator based on its suitability to provide adequate worker
protection for given working conditions, level of airborne contamination, and presence of sufficient oxygen.
Protective Clothing/Equipment: For operations which result in elevating the temperature of the product to or above its melting point or result
in the generation of airborne particulates, use protective clothing, gloves and safety glasses to prevent skin and eye contact. Contact lenses
should not be worn where industrial exposures to this material are likely. Use safety glasses or goggles as required for welding, burning,
sawing, brazing, grinding or machining operations. Protective gloves should be worn as required for welding, burning or handling operations.
Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical State: Solid Water Solubility: Insoluble
Appearance and Odor: Metallic Gray, Odorless Other Solubilities: Not applicable
Odor Threshold: Not applicable Boiling Point: Not applicable
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable Viscosity: Not applicable
Vapor Density (Air=1): Not applicable Refractive Index: Not applicable
Formula Weight: Not applicable Surface Tension: Not applicable
Density: 7.85 gm/cc % Volatile: Not applicable
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Specific Gravity (H2O=1, at 4 掳C): 7.85
Freezing/Melting Point: ~2750 潞F
pH: Not applicable
Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity
Stability: Steel products are stable under normal storage and handling conditions.
Polymerization: Hazardous polymerization cannot occur.
Chemical Incompatibilities: Will react with strong acids to form hydrogen. Iron oxide dusts in contact with calcium hypochlorite evolve
oxygen and may cause an explosion.
Conditions to Avoid: Storage with strong acids or calcium hypochlorite.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Thermal oxidative decomposition of steel products can produce fumes containing oxides of iron and
manganese as well as other alloying elements.
Section 11 - Toxicological Information
Toxicity Data:*
No information is available for the product as a Acute Inhalation Effects:
mixture. Inhalation of the individual alloy components has been shown to cause various
respiratory effects.
Eye Effects: Acute Oral Effects:
Eye contact with the individual components may No data available
cause particulate irritation. Implantation of iron
Other: No LC50 or LD50 has been established for the mixture as a whole.
particles in guinea pig corneas have resulted in rust
Iron LD50: 30 g/kg oral (rat). Aluminum LD50: No data. Boron LD50:
rings with corneal softening about rust ring.
2000 mg/kg oral (mouse). Calcium LD50: No data. Carbon LD50: No data.
Copper TDLo: 120 ug/kg oral (human). Manganese LD50: 9 g/kg oral (rat).
Skin Effects:
Skin contact with the individual dust components may Phosphorous LD50: No data. Silicon LD50: 3160 mg/kg oral (rat). Sulfur
cause physical abrasion, irritation, dermatitis, and LD50: >8437 mg/kg oral (rat).
sensitization. Chronic Effects: See Section 3.
Carcinogenicity: See Section 3.
Mutagenicity: No data available
Teratogenicity: No data available
* See NIOSH, RTECS (NO4565500) for additional toxicity data on iron, (BD0330000) for aluminum, (ED7350000) for boron,
(EV8040000) for calcium, (FF5250100) for carbon, (GL5325000) for copper, (OO9275000) for manganese, (VW0400000) for
silicon, (WS4250000) for sulfur.
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USS Code No.: 1C001 Slabs, Blooms, Ingots, Tube Rounds 鈥? Carbon Steel Rev. 06/04
Section 12 - Ecological Information
Ecotoxicity: No data available for the product as a whole. However, individual components of the product have been found to be toxic to the
environment. Metal dusts may migrate into soil and groundwater and be ingested by wildlife.
Environmental Fate: No data available.
Environmental Degradation: No data available.
Soil Absorption/Mobility: No data available for the product as a whole. However, individual components of the product have been found to
be absorbed by plants from soil.
Section 13 - Disposal Considerations
Disposal: Steel scrap should be recycled whenever possible. Product dusts and fumes from processing operations should also be recycled, or
classified by a competent environmental professional and disposed of in accordance with applicable federal, state or local regulations.
Container Cleaning and Disposal: Follow applicable Federal, state and local regulations. Observe safe handling precautions.
Section 14 - Transport Information
DOT Transportation Data (49 CFR 172.101):
Semi-finished steel products are not listed as hazardous substances under 49 CFR 172.101.
Shipping Name: Not applicable Packaging Authorizations Quantity Limitations
Shipping Symbols: Not applicable a) Exceptions: None a) Passenger, Aircraft, or Railcar: Not applicable
Hazard Class: Not applicable b) Non-bulk Packaging: Not b) Cargo Aircraft Only: Not applicable
ID No.: Not applicable applicable
Packing Group: Not applicable c) Bulk Packaging: Not applicable Vessel Stowage Requirements
Label: Not applicable a) Vessel Stowage: Not applicable
Special Provisions (172.102): None b) Other: Not applicable
Section 15 - Regulatory Information
Regulatory Information: The following listing of regulations relating to a United States Steel Corporation product may not be complete and
should not be solely relied upon for all regulatory compliance responsibilities.
This product and/or its constituents are subject to the following regulations:
OSHA Regulations:
Air Contaminant (29 CFR 1910.1000, Table Z-1, Z-1-A): The product as a whole is not listed. However, individual components of the
product are listed.
EPA Regulations:
RCRA(40CFR261): Steel scrap is not regulated as a solid waste or a hazardous waste under this act. If product dusts and/or fumes from
processing operations are not recycled, they are considered to be a solid waste and may be classified as a hazardous waste depending on
the toxicity characteristics of the dust as defined within 40CFR261.24.
CERCLA Hazardous Substance (40 CFR 302.4): The product as a whole is not listed. However, individual components of the product are
listed: Copper (Reportable Quantity (RQ)-5000#). Manganese compounds are also listed although no reportable quantity is assigned to
this generic or broad class.
SARA 311/312 Codes (40CFR370): Immediate (acute) health hazard and delayed (chronic) health hazard.
SARA 313(40CFR372.65): Manganese is subject to SARA 313 reporting requirements. Please note that if you prepackage or redistribute
this product to industrial customers, SARA 313 requires that a notice be sent to those customers.
State Regulations: The product as a whole is not listed in any state regulations. However, individual components of the product are listed in
various state regulations.
Pennsylvania Right to Know: Contains regulated material in the following categories:
鈥? Hazardous Substances: Calcium, Silicon and Sulfur.
鈥? Environmental Hazards: Aluminum, Copper and Manganese.
New Jersey Right to Know: Contains regulated material in the following categories:
鈥? Hazardous Substance: Aluminum (dust and fume), Copper, Manganese and Sulfur.
鈥? Special Health Hazard Substances: Calcium.
California Prop. 65: The product may possibly contain trace quantities (generally much less than 0.1%) of metallic elements known to the
State of California to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity. These include arsenic (inorganic), cadmium, lead and nickel.
Other Regulations: The product as a whole is not listed in any state regulations. However, individual components of the product are listed in
various state regulations.
WHMIS Classification (Canadian): D-2
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USS Code No.: 1C001 Slabs, Blooms, Ingots, Tube Rounds 鈥? Carbon Steel Rev. 06/04
Section 16 - Other Information
Prepared By: United States Steel Corporation
Hazard Rating Systems:
NFPA Code: 0-0-0
HMIS Code: 1*-0-0 PPE: See Section 8 * Denotes possible chronic hazard if airborne dusts or fumes are generated.
Disclaimer: All information, recommendations, and suggestions appearing herein concerning this product are taken from sources or based
upon data believed to be reliable. Although reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this information, United States Steel
Corporation extends no warranties or guarantees, express or implied, makes no representations, and assumes no responsibility as to the
accuracy, reliability or completeness of the information presented. Since the actual use of the product described herein is beyond our control,
United States Steel Corporation assumes no liability arising out of the use of the product by others. It is the user鈥檚 responsibility to determine
the suitability of the information presented herein, to assess the safety and toxicity of the product under their own conditions of use, and to
comply with all applicable laws and regulations. Appropriate warnings and safe handling procedures should be provided to handlers and users.
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USS Code No.: 1C001 Slabs, Blooms, Ingots, Tube Rounds 鈥? Carbon Steel Rev. 06/04
HAZARDOUS COMMUNICATION LABEL
CARBON STEEL
WARNING! EXPOSURE TO HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF DUST OR FUME DURING
WELDING, BURNING, MELTING, CUTTING, BRAZING, GRINDING AND POSSIBLY
MACHINING, ETC., MAY PRODUCE IMMEDIATE OR DELAYED DAMAGE TO LUNGS OR
OTHER ORGANS.
THIS PRODUCT MAY BE COATED WITH MATERIALS THAT COULD RESULT IN SKIN
IRRITATION WITH PROLONGED CONTACT.
PRECAUTIONS: AVOID BREATHING OR INGESTING DUST OR FUME. ADEQUATE VEN-
TILATION IS REQUIRED WHILE WELDING, BURNING, MELTING, CUTTING, BRAZING,
GRINDING AND MACHINING.
AVOID SKIN CONTACT IF MATERIAL IS COATED.
FIRST AID: FOR OVEREXPOSURE TO AIRBORNE DUST AND FUME, REMOVE EXPOSED
PERSON TO FRESH AIR. IF BREATHING IS DIFFICULT OR HAS STOPPED, ADMINISTER
ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION OR OXYGEN AS INDICATED. SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION
PROMPTLY.
IF PRODUCT IS COATED AND EXCESSIVE SKIN CONTACT OCCURS, WASH WITH SOAP
AND WATER. IF IRRITATION DEVELOPS, SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: REFER TO MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS USS CODE
NOS. 1C001, 1C004, 2C008, 2C009, 2C010, 3C011, 3C017, 4C018, 4C019, 4C020 FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC PRODUCTS.
United States Steel Corporation, 600 Grant Street, Room 2514H, Pittsburgh, PA 15219-2800
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