RETURN TO MAIN MENU
IM366-B
SP- 00
1 November 1993
OPERATOR'S MANUAL
For use with machines having Code Number 9284 and above.
Safety Depends on You
Lincoln arc welding equipment is
designed and built with safety in
mind. However, your overall safety
can be increased by proper instal-
lation ... and thoughtful operation
on your part. DO NOT INSTALL
OPERATE OR REPAIR THIS
EQUIPMENT WITHOUT READ-
ING THIS MANUAL AND THE
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS CON-
TAINED THROUGHOUT. And,
most importantly, think before you
act and be careful.
LISTED
UL R
R
170G
World's Leader in Welding and Cutting Products Premier Manufacturer of Industrial Motors
Sales and Service through Subsidiaries and Distributors Worldwide
22801 St. Clair Ave. Cleveland, Ohio 44117-1199 U.S.A. Tel. (216) 481-8100
WARNING ARC WELDING can be hazardous.
PROTECT YOURSELF AND OTHERS FROM POSSIBLE SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH. KEEP CHILDREN
AWAY. PACEMAKER WEARERS SHOULD CONSULT WITH THEIR DOCTOR BEFORE OPERATING.
Read and understand the following safety highlights. For additional safety information it is strongly recommended that you pur-
chase a copy of “Safety in Welding & Cutting - ANSI Standard Z49.1� from the American Welding Society, P.O. Box 351040,
Miami, Florida 33135 or CSA Standard W117.2-1974. A Free copy of “Arc Welding Safety� booklet E205 is available from the
Lincoln Electric Company, 22801 St. Clair Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44117-1199.
BE SURE THAT ALL INSTALLATION, OPERATION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR PROCEDURES ARE
PERFORMED ONLY BY QUALIFIED INDIVIDUALS.
ELECTRIC SHOCK can FUMES AND GASES
kill. can be dangerous.
1.a. The electrode and work (or ground) circuits 3.a. Welding may produce fumes and gases haz-
are electrically “hot� when the welder is on. ardous to health. Avoid breathing these
Do not touch these “hot� parts with your bare fumes and gases.When welding, keep your
skin or wet clothing. Wear dry, hole-free head out of the fume. Use enough ventila-
gloves to insulate hands. tion and/or exhaust at the arc to keep fumes
and gases away from the breathing zone. When welding
with electrodes which require special ventilation such
as stainless or hard facing (see instructions on contain-
1.b. Insulate yourself from work and ground using dry insulation.
er or MSDS) or on lead or cadmium plated steel and
Make certain the insulation is large enough to cover your full
other metals or coatings which produce highly toxic
area of physical contact with work and ground.
fumes, keep exposure as low as possible and below
Threshold Limit Values (TLV) using local exhaust or
In addition to the normal safety precautions, if welding
mechanical ventilation. In confined spaces or in some
must be performed under electrically hazardous condi-
circumstances, outdoors, a respirator may be required.
tions (in damp locations or while wearing wet clothing;
Additional precautions are also required when welding
on metal structures such as floors, gratings or scaf-
on galvanized steel.
folds; when in cramped positions such as sitting, kneel-
ing or lying, if there is a high risk of unavoidable or acci- 3.b. Do not weld in locations near chlorinated hydrocarbon vapors
dental contact with the workpiece or ground) use the fol- coming from degreasing, cleaning or spraying operations.
The heat and rays of the arc can react with solvent vapors to
lowing equipment:
form phosgene, a highly toxic gas, and other irritating prod-
� Semiautomatic DC Constant Voltage (Wire)
ucts.
Welder.
� DC Manual (Stick) Welder. 3.c. Shielding gases used for arc welding can displace air and
� AC Welder with Reduced Voltage Control. cause injury or death. Always use enough ventilation, espe-
cially in confined areas, to insure breathing air is safe.
1.c. In semiautomatic or automatic wire welding, the electrode,
3.d. Read and understand the manufacturer’s instructions for this
electrode reel, welding head, nozzle or semiautomatic weld-
equipment and the consumables to be used, including the
ing gun are also electrically“hot�.
material safety data sheet (MSDS) and follow your employ-
er’s safety practices. MSDS forms are available from your
1.d. Always be sure the work cable makes a good electrical con-
welding distributor or from the manufacturer.
nection with the metal being welded. The connection should
be as close as possible to the area being welded.
3.e. Also see item 7b.
1.e. Ground the work or metal to be welded to a good electrical
(earth) ground.
WELDING SPARKS can
1.f. Maintain the electrode holder, work clamp, welding cable and
cause fire or explosion.
welding machine in good, safe operating condition. Replace
damaged insulation.
4.a..Remove fire hazards from the welding area.
1.g. Never dip the electrode in water for cooling. If this is not possible, cover them to prevent
the welding sparks from starting a fire.
1.h. Never simultaneously touch electrically “hot� parts of elec- Remember that welding sparks and hot
trode holders connected to two welders because voltage materials from welding can easily go through small cracks
between the two can be the total of the open circuit voltage and openings to adjacent areas. Avoid welding near
of both welders. hydraulic lines. Have a fire extinguisher readily available.
1.i. When working above floor level, use a safety belt to protect
4.b. Where compressed gases are to be used at the job site, spe-
yourself from a fall should you get a shock.
cial precautions should be used to prevent hazardous situa-
tions. Refer to “Safety in Welding and Cutting� (ANSI
1.j. Also see Items 4.c. and 6.
Standard Z49.1) and the operating information for the equip-
ment being used.
4.c. When not welding, make certain no part of the electrode cir-
cuit is touching the work or ground. Accidental contact can
ARC RAYS can burn. cause overheating and create a fire hazard.
2.a. Use a shield with the proper filter and cover
plates to protect your eyes from sparks and 4.d. Do not heat, cut or weld tanks, drums or containers until the
the rays of the arc when welding or observing proper steps have been taken to insure that such procedures
open arc welding. Headshield and filter lens will not cause flammable or toxic vapors from substances
should conform to ANSI Z87. I standards. inside. They can cause an explosion even though they have
been “cleaned.� For information purchase “Recommended
2.b. Use suitable clothing made from durable flame-resistant Safe Practices for the Preparation for Welding and Cutting of
material to protect your skin and that of your helpers from Containers and Piping That Have Held Hazardous
the arc rays. Substances�, AWS F4.1 from the American Welding Society
(see address above).
2.c. Protect other nearby personnel with suitable non-flammable
screening and/or warn them not to watch the arc nor expose 4.e. Vent hollow castings or containers before heating, cutting or
themselves to the arc rays or to hot spatter or metal. welding. They may explode.
Apr. �93 -2-
4.f. Sparks and spatter are thrown from the welding arc. Wear oil 7.c.Do not add the fuel near an open flame weld-
free protective garments such as leather gloves, heavy shirt, ing arc or when the engine is running. Stop
cuffless trousers, high shoes and a cap over your hair. Wear the engine and allow it to cool before refuel-
ear plugs when welding out of position or in confined places. ing to prevent spilled fuel from vaporizing on
Always wear safety glasses with side shields when in a weld- contact with hot engine parts and igniting.
ing area. Do not spill fuel when filling tank. If fuel is
spilled, wipe it up and do not start engine
4.g. Connect the work cable to the work as close to the welding until fumes have been eliminated.
area as practical. Work cables connected to the building ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
framework or other locations away from the welding area
increase the possibility of the welding current passing through 7.d. Keep all equipment safety guards, covers
lifting chains, crane cables or other alternate circuits. This can and devices in position and in good repair.
create fire hazards or overheat lifting chains or cables until Keep hands, hair, clothing and tools away
they fail. from V-belts, gears, fans and all other mov-
ing parts when starting, operating or repair-
4.h. Also see item 7c. ing equipment.
CYLINDER may explode 7.e. In some cases it may be necessary to remove safety
guards to perform required maintenance. Remove
if damaged. guards only when necessary and replace them when the
maintenance requiring their removal is complete.
5.a. Use only compressed gas cylinders contain-
Always use the greatest care when working near moving
ing the correct shielding gas for the process
parts.
used and properly operating regulators
designed for the gas and pressure used. All 7.f. Do not put your hands near the engine fan. Do not
hoses, fittings, etc. should be suitable for the application and attempt to override the governor or idler by pushing on
maintained in good condition. the throttle control rods while the engine is running.
5.b. Always keep cylinders in an upright position securely
7.g. To prevent accidentally starting gasoline engines while turn-
chained to an undercarriage or fixed support.
ing the engine or welding generator during maintenance
5.c. Cylinders should be located: work, disconnect the spark plug wires, distributor cap or
� Away from areas where they may be struck or subjected to magneto wire as appropriate.
physical damage.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
� A safe distance from arc welding or cutting operations and
any other source of heat, sparks, or flame.
5.d. Never allow the electrode, electrode holder or any other 7.h. To avoid scalding, do not remove the radia-
electrically “hot� parts to touch a cylinder. tor pressure cap when the engine is hot.
5.e. Keep your head and face away from the cylinder valve outlet
when opening the cylinder valve.
5.f. Valve protection caps should always be in place and hand
tight except when the cylinder is in use or connected for
use.
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS
5.g. Read and follow the instructions on compressed gas cylin-
may be dangerous
ders, associated equipment, and CGA publication P-l,
“Precautions for Safe Handling of Compressed Gases in 8.a. Electric current flowing through any con-
Cylinders,â€available from the Compressed Gas Association ductor causes localized Electric and
1235 Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, VA 22202. Magnetic Fields (EMF). Welding current
creates EMF fields around welding cables
and welding machines.
FOR ELECTRICALLY 8.b. EMF fields may interfere with some pacemakers, and
powered equipment. welders having a pacemaker should consult their physician
before welding.
6.a. Turn off input power using the disconnect
switch at the fuse box before working on
8.c. Exposure to EMF fields in welding may have other health
the equipment.
effects which are now not known.
6.b. Install equipment in accordance with the U.S. National
8d. All welders should use the following procedures in order to
Electrical Code, all local codes and the manufacturer’s rec-
minimize exposure to EMF fields from the welding circuit:
ommendations.
8.d.1. Route the electrode and work cables together - Secure
6.c. Ground the equipment in accordance with the U.S. National
them with tape when possible.
Electrical Code and the manufacturer’s recommendations.
8.d.2. Never coil the electrode lead around your body.
FOR ENGINE 8.d.3. Do not place your body between the electrode and
work cables. If the electrode cable is on your right side,
powered equipment. the work cable should also be on your right side.
7.a. Turn the engine off before troubleshooting and maintenance 8.d.4. Connect the work cable to the workpiece as close as
work unless the maintenance work requires it to be running. possible to the area being welded.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.d.5. Do not work next to welding power source.
7.b. Operate engines in open, well-ventilated
areas or vent the engine exhaust fumes out-
doors.
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-3- Mar. �93
zones où l’on pique le laitier.
PRÉCAUTIONS DE SÛRETÉ
6. Eloigner les matériaux inflammables ou les recouvrir afin de
Pour votre propre protection lire et observer toutes les instructions
prévenir tout risque d’incendie dû aux étincelles.
et les précautions de sûreté specifiques qui parraissent dans ce
manuel aussi bien que les précautions de sûreté générales suiv-
7. Quand on ne soude pas, poser la pince à une endroit isolé de
antes:
la masse. Un court-circuit accidental peut provoquer un échauf-
fement et un risque d’incendie.
Sûreté Pour Soudage A L’Arc
1. Protegez-vous contre la secousse électrique:
8. S’assurer que la masse est connectée le plus prés possible de
la zone de travail qu’il est pratique de le faire. Si on place la
a. Les circuits à l’électrode et à la piéce sont sous tension
masse sur la charpente de la construction ou d’autres endroits
quand la machine à souder est en marche. Eviter toujours
éloignés de la zone de travail, on augmente le risque de voir
tout contact entre les parties sous tension et la peau nue ou
passer le courant de soudage par les chaines de levage,
les vétements mouillés. Porter des gants secs et sans trous
câbles de grue, ou autres circuits. Cela peut provoquer des
pour isoler les mains.
risques d’incendie ou d’echauffement des chaines et des
b. Faire trés attention de bien s’isoler de la masse quand on
câbles jusqu’� ce qu’ils se rompent.
soude dans des endroits humides, ou sur un plancher met-
allique ou des grilles metalliques, principalement dans
9. Assurer une ventilation suffisante dans la zone de soudage.
les positions assis ou couché pour lesquelles une grande
Ceci est particuliérement important pour le soudage de tôles
partie du corps peut être en contact avec la masse.
galvanisées plombées, ou cadmiées ou tout autre métal qui
c. Maintenir le porte-électrode, la pince de masse, le câble de
produit des fumeés toxiques.
soudage et la machine à souder en bon et sûr état defonc-
tionnement.
10. Ne pas souder en présence de vapeurs de chlore provenant
d.Ne jamais plonger le porte-électrode dans l’eau pour le
d’opérations de dégraissage, nettoyage ou pistolage. La
refroidir.
chaleur ou les rayons de l’arc peuvent réagir avec les vapeurs
e. Ne jamais toucher simultanément les parties sous tension
du solvant pour produire du phosgéne (gas fortement toxique)
des porte-électrodes connectés à deux machines à souder
ou autres produits irritants.
parce que la tension entre les deux pinces peut être le total
de la tension à vide des deux machines.
11. Pour obtenir de plus amples renseignements sur la sûreté, voir
f. Si on utilise la machine à souder comme une source de
le code “Code for safety in welding and cutting� CSA Standard
courant pour soudage semi-automatique, ces precautions
W 117.2-1974.
pour le porte-électrode s’applicuent aussi au pistolet de
soudage.
2. Dans le cas de travail au dessus du niveau du sol, se protéger
contre les chutes dans le cas ou on recoit un choc. Ne jamais
enrouler le câble-électrode autour de n’importe quelle partie du
corps.
PRÉCAUTIONS DE SÛRETÉ POUR
3. Un coup d’arc peut être plus sévère qu’un coup de soliel, donc:
LES MACHINES À SOUDER À
a. Utiliser un bon masque avec un verre filtrant approprié ainsi
TRANSFORMATEUR ET À
qu’un verre blanc afin de se protéger les yeux du rayon-
nement de l’arc et des projections quand on soude ou
REDRESSEUR
quand on regarde l’arc.
b. Porter des vêtements convenables afin de protéger la peau
1. Relier à la terre le chassis du poste conformement au code de
de soudeur et des aides contre le rayonnement de l‘arc.
l’électricité et aux recommendations du fabricant. Le dispositif
de montage ou la piece à souder doit être branché à une
c. Protéger l’autre personnel travaillant à proximité au
bonne mise à la terre.
soudage à l’aide d’écrans appropriés et non-inflammables.
2. Autant que possible, I’installation et l’entretien du poste seront
4. Des gouttes de laitier en fusion sont émises de l’arc de
effectués par un électricien qualifié.
soudage. Se protéger avec des vêtements de protection libres
de l’huile, tels que les gants en cuir, chemise épaisse, pan-
3. Avant de faires des travaux à l’interieur de poste, la debrancher
talons sans revers, et chaussures montantes.
à l’interrupteur à la boite de fusibles.
5. Toujours porter des lunettes de sécurité dans la zone de
4. Garder tous les couvercles et dispositifs de sûreté à leur place.
soudage. Utiliser des lunettes avec écrans lateraux dans les
-4- Mar. �93
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Safety Precautions .............................................................................................................2-4
Introductory Information .......................................................................................................6
Product Description..............................................................................................................7
Recommended Processes and Equipment..........................................................................7
Optional Accessories ...........................................................................................................7
Specifications.......................................................................................................................8
Installation .........................................................................................................................8-12
Safety Precautions ........................................................................................................8
Unpacking the SP-100...................................................................................................8
Description of Controls ..................................................................................................9
Location of Equipment...................................................................................................9
Work Cable and Clamp .................................................................................................9
Output Polarity Connection...........................................................................................10
Gun...............................................................................................................................10
Wire Feed Drive Roll ....................................................................................................10
Welding Wire Loading ..................................................................................................10
Electrical Input Connection...........................................................................................11
Shielding Gas Connection ............................................................................................12
Optional Accessories....................................................................................................12
Operating Instructions.........................................................................................................13
Safety Precautions .......................................................................................................13
Duty Cycle ....................................................................................................................13
Selecting a Wire Spool Size .........................................................................................13
Feeding Welding Wire ..................................................................................................13
Making a Weld..............................................................................................................14
Overload Protection Shutdown ...........................................................................................14
Wire Feed Overload Protection ....................................................................................14
Learning to Weld.................................................................................................................15
The Arc-Welding Circuit................................................................................................15
The Self-Shielded FCAW Welding Arc .........................................................................15
Machine Setup for the Self-Shielded FCAW Process ..................................................16
Welding Techniques for the Self-Shielded FCAW Process..........................................16
Common Metals ...........................................................................................................17
Types of Welds.............................................................................................................18
Welding Procedures .....................................................................................................18
Welding in the Vertical Position ....................................................................................18
The GMAW (MIG) Welding Arc ....................................................................................19
Process Selection.........................................................................................................19
Machine Setup for the GMAW (MIG) Process..............................................................20
Welding Techniques for GMAW (MIG) Process ...........................................................20
Welding Procedures .....................................................................................................20
Troubleshooting Welds.................................................................................................21
Proper Gun Handling....................................................................................................21
Routine Maintenance ......................................................................................................22 - 23
Troubleshooting Guide ....................................................................................................24 - 25
Wiring Diagram ...................................................................................................................26
Procedures Chart................................................................................................................27
Parts Lists........................................................................................................................28 - 39
Book Order Form ................................................................................................................41
Nine Language Warning Information...............................................................................42 - 43
Waranty Information ....................................................................................................Back Cover
-5-
for selecting a QUALITY product by Lincoln Electric.
Thank You We want you to take pride in operating this Lincoln
Electric Company product •â?¢â?? as much pride as we
have in bringing this product to you!
Please Examine Carton and Equipment For Damage Immediately
When this equipment is shipped, title passes to the purchaser upon receipt by the carrier. Consequently, Claims
for material damaged in shipment must be made by the purchaser against the transportation company at the time
the shipment is received.
Please record your equipment identification information below for future reference. This information can be found
on your machine nameplate.
Model Number ____________________________________
Serial or Product Number ____________________________
Date of Purchase __________________________________
Whenever you request replacement parts for or information on this equipment always supply the information you
have recorded above.
Read this Operators Manual completely before attempting to use this equipment. Save this
manual and keep it handy for quick reference. Pay particular attention to the safety instructions
we have provided for your protection. The level of seriousness to be applied to each is
explained below:
WARNING
This statement appears where the information must be followed exactly to avoid serious per-
sonal injury or loss of life.
CAUTION
This statement appears where the information must be followed to avoid minor personal
injury or damage to this equipment.
EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS THAT APPEAR ON THIS EQUIPMENT
O OFF ARC VOLTS
ON WIRE SPEED
-6-
The recommended gas and electrode for GMAW is
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
welding grade CO2 gas and .025" (0.6 mm) diameter
The SP-100, Type K462, is a complete semiautomatic
Lincoln L-56 mild-steel welding wire [supplied on 12
constant voltage DC arc welding machine. Included is
1/2 lb (6 kg) spools]. For 14 gauge (2.0 mm) and thin-
a solid state controlled, single phase constant voltage
ner, CO2 gas is recommended because it gives equal
transformer/ rectifier power source and a wire feeder
or better performance than a blended gas at a lower
for feeding .023 � .030" (0.6 � 0.8 mm) solid steel
cost. A mixed gas consisting of 75 to 80% Argon and
electrode and .035" (0.9 mm) cored electrode.
20 to 25% CO2 is recommended for welding on heav-
ier gauge [12 gauge (2.5 mm) for example] steel.
The SP-100 is ideally suited for individuals having
access to 115 volt AC input power, and wanting the
The recommended electrode for the self-shielded
ease of use, quality and dependability of both gas
process is .035" (0.9 mm) diameter Lincoln
metal arc welding or GMAW (also known as MIG
Innershield NR-211-MP on 10 lb (4.5 kg) spools. This
welding) and the Innershield® electrode process (self-
electrode can be used for all position welding of 20
shielded flux-cored or FCAW). A convenient chart is
gauge through 5/16" (1.0 � 8.0 mm) thick steel [multi-
mounted inside the wire feed section door for setting
ple passes are required for 1/4" and 5/16" (6.0 and 8.0
welding procedures for 24 gauge through 12 gauge
mm)].
(0.6 � 2.5 mm) mild steel (Chart also may be found in
this manual). The SP-100 is a rugged and reliable
machine that has been designed for dependable ser-
WARNING
vice and long life.
Use of the GMAW process with the SP-100 on
RECOMMENDED PROCESSES AND
thicker materials than recommended may result in
EQUIPMENT
poor welds. The welds may “look� good, but may
The SP-100 can be used for welding mild steel using just be “sitting� on top of the plate. This is called
the GMAW, single pass, process which requires a
“cold casting� and will result in weld failure.
supply of shielding gas or it can be used for the self-
---------------------------------------------------------------------
shielded, Innershield electrode process.
Comparison of the GMAW (MIG) and FCAW (Innershield) Processes
.035" (0.9 mm) Dia. NR-211-MP
Electrode Wire .025" (0.6 mm) Dia. L-56 (GMAW) Innershield (FCAW)
Shielding Gas CO2 or blended None (Self Shielded)
Electrode Polarity Positive Negative
Minimum Gauge 24 ga (0.6 mm) 20 ga (1.0 mm)
NOTE: Requires more skill to use on 20 and
18 gauge (1.0 and 1.2 mm) than is
required with .025" (0.6 mm) L-56.
Maximum Gauge 14 gauge (2.0 mm) Can be used to weld 1/4" and 5/16" (6.3 mm
NOTE: Can be used for 12 gauge (2.5 mm) and 8.0 mm) thick steel with multiple passes.
with Argon-CO2 gas.(1)
Penetration into Good Excellent
Base Metal
Smoke Level Low High
Amount of Slag Low, little or no cleaning required Slag must be removed
trode. Also included is a spool of .035 (0.9 mm)
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Innershield® NR-211-MP.
1. K463 CO 2 Gas Regulator and Hose Kit �
Two kits are available:
Includes a preset, nonadjustable pressure and
K549-1 kit is for use with the Magnumâ„? 100L gun
flow regulator for use on CO 2 cylinders. Also
(with red trigger).
included is a 10 foot (3.0 m) gas hose which con-
nects to the rear of the SP-100. K464 kit is for use with the original Lincoln
2. K499 Ar-Mixed Gas Regulator and Hose Kit � Electric® gun (with black trigger).
Includes a preset, nonadjustable pressure and
4. M15448-1 Reversible Drive Roll with double
flow regulator for use on argon-mixed gas cylin-
knurled grooves for .035 cored electrode.
ders. Also included is a 10 foot (3.0 m) gas hose
5. K467 Input Line Cord � Same as line cord sup-
which connects to the rear of the SP-100.
plied with the SP-100 but has a NEMA type 5-20P
3. .035 (0.9 mm) Innershield ® Welding Kit �
plug for use on 25 amp branch circuits.
Includes a contact tip, a gasless nozzle and a
cable liner to permit the SP-100 gun and cable to To install optional features refer to instructions
use a .035" (0.9 mm) diameter flux-cored elec- included with the kit, and/or in this manual.
�7�
SPECIFICATIONS
Type K462
Rated DC Output (For use on 20 ampere 90 amps @ 18 volts
branch circuit) 20% duty cycle
Maximum DC Output (For use on 25
ampere branch circuit with optional 100 amps @ 17 volts
K467 input line cord installed) 30% duty cycle
CSA Rated DC Output 63 amps @ 20 volts
(For use on 15 ampere branch circuit) 20% duty cycle
Input Power @ CSA rated Output 115 volts
AC only 60 hertz
15 amps
Maximum Open Circuit Voltage 28 volts
115 volts
Input Power @ Rated Output, AC only 60 hertz
20 amps
115 volts
Input Power @ 60 hertz
Maximum Output, AC only 25 amps
Wire Speed Range 50 to 400 in./min
(1.3 to 10.2 m/min)
Wire Sizes .023 � .030" (0.6 � 0.8 mm) Solid Steel
.035" (0.9 mm) Flux-Cored(1)
Spool Sizes 8" OD x 2" ID x 2.2" wide
(200 mm x 50 mm x 56 mm)
4" OD x 5/8" ID x 1.7" wide
(100 mm x 16 mm x 43 mm)
Weight 54 lbs (24.3 kg)
Dimensions (H x W x D) (Less Handle) 12" x 9 3/4" x 16 1/2"
(305 mm x 248 mm x 419 mm)
1)
Requires optional Innershield Welding Kit
INSTALLATION
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
â—? Read the safety precautions at the beginning of
this Operator's Manual before proceeding.
â—? Only personnel that have read and under-
s t o o d t h e SP-100 Operating Manual should
install and operate this equipment.
â—? Machine must be plugged into a receptacle which
is grounded per any national, local or other applic-
able electrical codes.
â—? The SP-100 power switch is to be in the OFF
(“O�) position when installing work cable and gun
and when connecting power cord to input power.
UNPACKING THE SP-100 (K462)
Unpack the SP-100 from its carton and remove all
packing material around the SP-100. Remove the fol-
lowing loose items from the carton:
1.SP-100.
2.Gun and cable assembly(1) � ready to feed .025"
(0.6 mm) diameter wire (also .023 and .024 diam-
eter wire).
3.Literature envelope which contains:
a) This operating manual, and
b) A contact tip for .030" (0.8 mm) diameter wire.
4.10 ft (3.0 m) work cable.
5.Work clamp.
(1)
K474 model gun is ready to feed .035 (0.9 mm) Innershield
with conversion parts for .030 (0.8) wire.
�8�
M. Wire feed gearbox and gun connector block.
DESCRIPTION OF CONTROLS
N. Wire feed section door � With application chart
Become familiar with the SP-100 controls and compo-
for machine setting procedures.
nents before attempting to weld. Refer to illustrations
O. Gun cable and control lead access hole.
and lettered items below for brief descriptions.
P. Work cable access hole.
A. Wire speed � Controls the wire speed from 50 �
LOCATION
400 in./min (1.3 � 10 m/min). The control can be
preset on the dial to the setting specified on the
Locate the welder in a dry location where there is free
SP-100 Application Chart located on the inside of
circulation of clean air into the louvers in the back and
the wire feed section door. Wire speed is not
out the front. A location that minimizes the amount of
affected when changes are made in the voltage
smoke and dirt drawn into the rear louvers reduces
control. The control is marked (“olo�)
the chance of dirt accumulation that can block air pas-
B. Power ON/OFF switch � When the power is on,
sages and cause overheating.
the fan motor will run and air will be exhausted
out the louvers in the front of the machine. The
WORK CABLE AND CLAMP INSTALLATION
welding output and wire feeder remain off until the
Work Clamp Installation
gun trigger is pressed.
C. Voltage control � A continuous control that gives Attach the work clamp to the work cable per the fol-
full range adjustment of power source output volt- lowing:
age. Can be adjusted while welding.
1. Unplug the machine or turn the power switch to the
D. Thumbscrew � secures gun and cable assembly.
“Off� position.
E. Positive (+) and negative (�) output terminals.
2. Insert the work cable terminal lug with the larger
F. Shielding gas hose (factory installed, not shown)
hole through the strain relief hole in the work clamp
� routed from gas solenoid inside rear of
as shown below.
machine to gun connector block.
3. Fasten securely with the bolt and nut provided.
G. Gun trigger lead connectors.
H. Circuit breaker � Protects machine from damage
if maximum output is exceeded. Button will extend Work cable
out when tripped. (Manual reset.)
I. Wire spool spindle.
J. Gas solenoid inlet fitting.
K. Power cord.
L. Spring loaded pressure arm � adjusts pressure
of idle roll on wire. Work clamp
C
J
H
G
I K
B
F
A
E
D L
M
N
P
O
�9�
Work Cable Installation
CAUTION
1. Open the wire feed section door on the right side of
the SP-100. The gun trigger switch must be a normally open,
momentary switch. The terminals of the switch must
2. Pass the end of the work cable that has the termi-
be insulated from the welding circuit. Malfunction of
nal lug with the smaller hole through the hole (hole
the SP-100 will result if this switch shorts to the SP-
D) next to the louvers in the case front.
100 welding output circuit or is common to any elec-
3. Route the cable under and around the back of the trical circuit other than the SP-100 trigger circuit.
wire feed unit. -----------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Using wing nut provided, connect the terminal lug Gun trigger
to the negative (�) output terminal located above connectors
the wire feed unit; item M (make certain that both Thumbscrew
wing nuts are tight).
NOTE: This connection gives the correct electrode
polarity for the GMAW process. If using Innershield, Gun connector block
{
see Output Polarity Connection Section below for Case front
negative electrode polarity connection.
Brass connector
OUTPUT POLARITY CONNECTION Gun trigger
control lead
The SP-100, as shipped, is connected for positive terminals
electrode polarity.
WIRE FEED DRIVE ROLL
To connect for negative electrode polarity (required for The SP-100 drive roll has two grooves; one for .023 �
the Innershield process), connect the short cable .025" (0.6 mm) solid steel electrode and the other for
.030" (0.8 mm) solid and .035" (0.9 mm) flux-cored
attached to the gun connector block to the negative
steel electrode. As shipped, the drive roll is installed in
(�) output terminal and the work cable to the positive
the .023/.025" (0.6 mm) position (as indicated by the
(+) terminal using the provided wing nuts (make cer-
stenciling on the exposed side of the drive roll).
tain that both wing nuts are tight).
If .030 � .035" (0.8 � 0.9 mm) wire is to be used, the
GUN INSTALLATION drive roll must be reversed as follows:
As shipped from the factory, the SP-100 gun is ready 1. Make certain the SP-100 power switch is “off�.
to feed .023, .024 or .025" (0.6 mm) wire. If .030" (0.8
2. Open the quick release arm; lift up the idle roll arm.
mm) wire is to be used, install the .030" (0.8 mm) con-
3. Remove the drive roll retaining screw and washer
tact tip. .023 � .025" contact tip is stenciled .025
with a screwdriver.
and/or 0.6 mm and .030" contact tip is stenciled .030
and/or 0.8 mm. See Maintenance Section for instruc- 4. Remove the drive roll, flip over and install with the
tions to change contact tip. .030/.035" (0.8/0.9 mm) stencil visible (away from
gearbox). Make certain the small key is in place in
the keyway.
If .035" (0.9 mm) Innershield flux cored wire is to be
used, see Maintenance Section for instructions to 5. Replace the washer and retaining screw.
change contact tip, cable liner, and gas nozzle.
Idle roll arm
Connect the gun cable to the SP-100 per the follow-
ing:
1. Unplug the machine or turn power switch to the off Spring loaded
“O� position. pressure arm
2. Pass the insulated terminals of the gun trigger con-
trol leads, one at a time, through the rectangular Drive roll
“keyhole� opening (item F) in the case front. The
leads are to be routed under the wire feed unit and
Retaining Screw
through the cable hanger on the inner panel.
WELDING WIRE LOADING
3. Insert the connector on the gun conductor cable
through the large hole in the SP-100 case front.
WARNING
Make sure the connector is all the way in the metal
connector block to obtain proper gas flow. Rotate
The machine power switch should be turned to
the connector so control leads are on the underside
the OFF (“O�) position before working inside the
and tighten the thumbscrew in the connector block.
wirefeed enclosure.
4. Connect the insulated control lead terminals to the ------------------------------------------------------------------------
two insulated 1/4" (6.4 mm) tab connector bushings The machine is shipped from the factory ready to feed
8" (200 mm) diameter spools [2.2" (56 mm) max.
located above the “Gun Trigger Connection� decal
width]. These spools fit on a 2" (50 mm) diameter
in the wire feed section. Either lead can go to either
spindle that has a built-in, adjustable* friction brake to
connector. Form the leads so that they are as close
prevent overrun of the spool and excess slack in the
as possible to the inside panel.
� 10 �
wire. The thumb screw at the end of the shaft is not ELECTRICAL INPUT CONNECTION
intended to be loosened; it should be tightened full
clockwise.
WARNING
*Earlier spindle shafts did not include a set screw to
ELECTRIC SHOCK can kill.
adjust brake friction. If set screw is desired, order
� Disconnect input power by removing
Lincoln part number T12932-2.
plug from receptacle before working
CAUTION inside SP-100.
� Use only grounded receptacle.
If full tightening of the spindle thumbscrew causes
� Do not remove the power cord ground prong.
too much feed force to rotate the wire spool, the
� Do not touch electrically “hot� parts inside SP-100.
thumbscrew stop point can be adjusted as follows:
A. Remove the thumbscrew. � Have qualified personnel do the maintenance and
B. Using a 3/16�(4.8mm) hex wrench, turn the set troubleshooting work.
screw, located inside the tapped hole in the spindle ---------------------------------------------------------------------
shaft, one or two turns counterclockwise.
C. Fully reinstall the thumbscrew and check for Code Requirements
proper brake force to prevent spool overrun, but
allow smooth and easy wire feeding. If not, repeat.
WARNING
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wire spool must be pushed all
Be sure this stud engages
This welding machine must be connected to power
the way on spindle so the tab
the hole in the wire spool
springs out to hold it in place. source in accordance with applicable electrical
codes.
The United States National Electrical Code (Article
630-B, 1990 Edition) provides standards for amper-
Thumbscrew
age handling capability of supply conductors based
Spool to rotate clockwise on duty cycle of the welding power source.
when wire is dereeled.
Load an 8" (200 mm) diameter spool on the wire spool If there is any question about the installation meeting
spindle shown above. applicable electrical code requirements, consult a
qualified electrician.
To use 4" (100 mm) diameter spools, the 2" (50 mm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
diameter spindle must be removed. Remove the
Requirements for Rated Output
thumb screw at the end of the shaft and remove the
A power cord with a 15 amp, 125 volt, three prong
spindle. It can be stored in the wire feed compartment.
plug (NEMA Type 5-15P) is factory installed on the
A 4" (100 mm) diameter spool is mounted directly on
SP-100. Connect this plug to a mating grounded
the 5/8" (16 mm) diameter shaft and held in place with
the previously removed thumb screw. Make certain receptacle which is connected to a 20 amp branch cir-
that the thumbscrew is tightened fully clockwise. Also cuit with a nominal voltage rating of 115 to 125 volts,
make certain the start end of the wire which may pro- 60 Hertz, AC only.
trude through the side of the spool does not contact
any metallic case parts. The rated output with this installation is 90 amps, 18
volts, 20% duty cycle (2 minutes of every 10 minutes
Thread the welding wire through the wire feeder guide used for welding).
tubes per the following instructions:
1. Release the idle roll pressure arm and rotate the CAUTION
idle roll arm away from the drive roll. (Check that
visible, stenciled size on drive roll matches wire
Do not connect the SP-100 to an input power supply
size being used � See Wire Drive Roll Section.)
with a rated voltage that is greater than 125 volts.
2. Carefully detach the end of the wire from the spool. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To prevent the spool from unwinding, do not
release the wire until after step 5. Requirements for Maximum Output
3. Cut the bent portion of wire off and straighten the An optional power cord is available to permit the SP-
first 4" (100 mm). 100 to be connected to a 25 amp branch circuit with a
4. Thread the wire through the ingoing guide tube, nominal voltage rating of 115 to 125 volts, 60 Hertz,
over the drive roll, and into the outgoing guide tube. AC only. With this installation the SP-100 can be used
5. Close the idle roll arm and latch the pressure arm in at an output of 100 amps, 17 volts, 30% duty cycle.
place (now you may release the welding wire). See Optional Accessories Section.
6. The idle roll pressure adjustment wing nut is normal-
ly set for mid-position on the pressure arm threads.
Requirements for CSA Rated Output
If feeding problems occur because the wire is flat-
A line cord with a 15 amp, 125 volt, three-prong plug
tened excessively, turn the pressure adjustment
(NEMA Type 5-15P) is factory installed. Connect this
counterclockwise to reduce distortion of the
plug to a mating grounded receptacle which is con-
wire.Slightly less pressure may be required when
nected to a 15 amp branch circuit with a nominal volt-
using .023�.025 (0.6 mm) wire. If the drive roll slips
age rating of 115 volts to 125 volts, 60 hertz, AC only.
while feeding wire, the pressure should be increased
With this installation, the SP-100 can be used at an
until the wire feeds properly. NOTE: See operating
output of 63 amps, 20 volts, 20% duty cycle.
instructions for feeding welding wire on page 12.
� 11 �
Extension Cord
WARNING
If an extension cord is required, use one that is rated
for the application and is 3 conductor #14 AWG (2.1 BE SURE TO KEEP YOUR FACE AWAY FROM THE
mm2) or larger. The recommended maximum lengths VALVE OUTLET WHEN “CRACKING� THE VALVE.
are 25 ft (7.5 m) if #14 AWG (2.1 mm2) is used and 50 Never stand directly in front of or behind the flow
ft (15 m) if #12 AWG* (3.3 mm2) is used. regulator when opening the cylinder valve. Always
stand to one side.
*AMERICAN WIRE GAUGE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHIELDING GAS
3. Attach the flow regulator to the cylinder valve and
When using the GMAW process, a cylinder of carbon
tighten the union nut securely with a wrench. Flow
dioxide (CO2) or argon-carbon dioxide mixed shielding
regulator for carbon dioxide must have plastic
gas, flow regulator, and an inlet gas hose must be
washer seated in the fitting that attaches to the
obtained.
cylinder.
The Lincoln K463 CO2 or K499 Ar-mixed gas regula-
tor and hose kit is recommended for use with the SP- 4. Attach one end of inlet gas hose to the outlet fitting
100. of the flow regulator and tighten the union nut
securely with a wrench. Connect the other end to
Weld shielding gas may be obtained from a welding the SP-100 inlet gas fitting (5/8 � 18 female threads
supply distributor. � for CGA � 032 fitting). Make certain the gas
hose is not kinked or twisted.
WARNING 5. For CO2, open the cylinder valve slowly. For argon-
CYLINDER may explode if damaged. mixed gas, open cylinder valve slowly a fraction of
� Keep cylinder upright and chained to a turn. When the cylinder pressure gauge pointer
support. stops moving, open the valve fully.
� Keep cylinder away from areas where
it may be damaged. 6. If using a regulator with an adjustable flowmeter,
� Never lift welder with cylinder attached. close the gun trigger and adjust the flow to give 15
� Never allow welding electrode to touch cylinder. �20 cubic ft per hour (CFH) (7 � 10 L/min) [use 20
� Keep cylinder away from welding or other live elec- � 25 CFH (10 � 12 L/min) when welding out of posi-
tion or in a drafty location for C02]. For argon mixed
trical circuits.
gas, adjust the flow to give 25-30 CFH (12-14
BUILDUP OF SHIELDING GAS may
L/min).
harm health or kill.
� Shut off shielding gas supply when not 7. Keep the cylinder valve closed, except when using
the SP-100. When finished welding:
in use.
a) First close the cylinder valve to stop gas flow,
SEE AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z-49.1, b) then depress the gun trigger briefly to release the
“SAFETY IN WELDING AND CUTTING� PUBLISHED pressure in the gas hose.
BY THE AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY. c) turn off the SP-100.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cylinder valve
Flow regulator
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES INSTALLATION
Gas hose
K463 C02 Gas Regulator and Hose Kit
Install the pressure-flow regulator to a cylinder accord-
ing to the instructions in Section 1.10. Make certain
the plastic washer is seated in the fitting that attaches
to the C02 cylinder. Connect one end of the 10 foot
(3.0 m) hose to the SP-100 gas inlet fitting and the
other end to the regulator outlet fitting.
The K463 C02 pressure-flow regulator is preset at the
1. Chain the cylinder to a wall or other stationary sup- factory to give a flow rate of 20 cubic feet per hour (10
port to prevent the cylinder from falling over. l/min). This setting cannot be changed.
Insulate the cylinder from the work circuit and earth
ground. The K463 C02 pressure-flow regulator can be used on
a cylinder of argon-mixed gas if a CGA-580-320
2. With the cylinder securely installed, remove the
(Western Enterprises No. 810) adapter is used
cylinder cap. Stand to one side away from the out-
between the cylinder and the regulator.
let and open the cylinder valve very slightly for an
instant. This blows away any dust or dirt which
may have accumulated in the valve outlet.
� 12 �
K499 Argon-Mixed Gas Regulator and Hose Kit The K464 Kit is for use with the earlier “Lincoln
Electric®� gun (with black trigger). The end of the brass
Install the pressure-flow regulator and gauge to a
fitting on the end of the liner for .035 (0.9 mm) wire is
cylinder according to the instructions in Section 1.10.
color coded green. The .023-.030 (0.6-0.8 mm) factory
Connect one end of the 10 foot (3.0 m) hose to the
installed liner is color coded orange.
SP-100 gas inlet fitting and the other end to the regu-
lator fitting.
See Maintenance and Troubleshooting Section for
instructions on installing liner and contact tip in gun.
The K499 argon-mixed gas pressure-flow regulator is
preset by the manufacturer to deliver a nominal flow of
K467 Input Line Cord
30 cubic feet per hour (14 1/min) of argon or argon-
mixed gas. This setting cannot be changed. Same as line cord supplied with the SP-100 but has a
NEMA type 5-20P plug for use on a 25 amp branch
circuit with a nominal voltage rating of 115 volts to 125
.035" (0.9 mm) Innershield Welding Kit volts, 60 hertz. Install per the following:
1. Turn the SP-100 Power Switch to OFF (“O�).
Includes a contact tip, gasless nozzle, and a cable
liner to permit the SP-100 gun and cable to use .035 2. If connected, remove the line cord plug from power
(0.9 mm) diameter flux-cored electrode. Also included supply receptacle.
is a spool of .035 (0.9 mm) Innershield® NR-211-MP.
3. Remove the two screws that hold the line cord
receptacle in the SP-100 flanged inlet connector
The K549-1 Kit is for use with the Magnumâ„? 100L
and disconnect the line cord from the SP-100.
gun (with red trigger). The fitting on the end of the
liner is stenciled with the maximum rated wire size 4. Connect the S18410 input line cord receptacle to
(.045"/1.2 mm). the SP-100 and replace the retaining screws.
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
DUTY CYCLE
WARNING
The SP-100 is rated at the following duty cycles.
ELECTRIC SHOCK can kill.
Duty
� Do not touch electrically live parts or
Condition Cycle(1) Amps Volts
electrode with skin or wet clothing.
Rated Output 20% 90 18
� Insulate yourself from work and
Maximum 30% 100 17
ground. Output(2)
� Always wear dry insulating gloves. CSA Rated Output 20% 63 20
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1)
Based upon 10 minute time period. (i.e. for 20% duty cycle it is 2
FUMES AND GASES can be danger-
minutes on and 8 minutes off.)
ous. (2)
Using Optional K467 Input line cord on a 25 amp branch circuit.
� Keep your head out of fumes.
� Use ventilation or exhaust to remove
SELECTING A WIRE SPOOL SIZE
fumes from breathing zone.
Select a spool size so that the wire is used up within a
------------------------------------------------------------------------
six month period. This eliminates needless waste of
WELDING SPARKS can cause fire or
wire due to oxidation and rusting. Dirty, oxidized, or
explosion.
rusty wire results in poor wire feeding and poor weld-
� Keep flammable material away.
ing performance. This wire should be discarded.
� Do not weld on closed containers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------ FEEDING WELDING WIRE
ARC RAYS can burn eyes and skin.
� Wear eye, ear and body
WARNING
protection.
When inching the welding wire, the drive rolls, the
------------------------------------------------------------ gun connector block and the gun contact tip are
always energized relative to work and ground and
remain energized several seconds after the gun
See additional warning information at
trigger is released.
front of this owners manual.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------- 1. Remove gas nozzle and contact tip from end of gun
according to instructions in the maintenance sec-
tion of this manual.
2. Turn the SP-100 ON (“I�).
3. Straighten the gun cable assembly.
� 13 �
4. Depress the gun trigger switch and feed welding If the machine shuts down due to an output overload,
wire through the gun and cable (Point gun away first check the circuit breaker which is located on the
from yourself and others while feeding wire.) inside panel of the wire feed section. If the button is
Release gun trigger after wire appears at end of extended, reset after several minutes of cooling, by
gun. depressing the button.
5. Replace contact tip and gas nozzle.
6. Cut the wire off 1/4 � 3/8" (6 � 10 mm) from the end If there is no output and the circuit breaker is not
of the tip. The SP-100 is now ready to weld. tripped, the internal thermostat has probably tripped.
This device will automatically reset after several min-
Making A Weld utes of cooling. Leaving the machine on with the fan
1. See “Recommended Processes and Equipment� motor running will cool the machine at a faster rate,
section for selection of welding wire and shielding allowing the thermostat to reset sooner.
gas and for range of metal thicknesses that can be
welded. If the SP-100 does not operate and the fan does not
2. See the Applications chart on the inside of wire run with the machine ON (“I�), the power supply
feed section door for information on setting the branch circuit protection (circuit breaker or fuse) has
SP-100 controls. tripped.
3. Set the Voltage (“V�) and Wire Speed (“oIo�) con-
trols to the settings suggested for the welding wire Wire Feed Overload Protection
and base metal thickness being used. The SP-100 has an automatic electronic protection
4. Check that the polarity is correct for the welding circuit to protect the wire feed motor. If excessive
wire being used and that the gas supply, if motor overload occurs (due to prolonged excessive
required, is turned on. feeding force, jammed drive rolls or shorted motor
5. When using Innershield® electrode, remove the leads), the circuit will shutdown the wire feed motor
gas nozzle and install the gasless nozzle. This will and the welding power output.
improve visibility of the arc and protect the gas dif-
fuser from weld spatter. The wire feed shutdown will reset automatically when
6. Connect work clamp to metal to be welded. Work the gun trigger is released, but will reoccur if the over-
clamp must make good electrical contact to the load situation is not corrected. The two most common
workpiece. The workpiece must also be grounded causes of wire feed overload are an excessively bent
as stated in “Arc Welding Safety Precautions�. gun cable and a plugged contact tip. (See
7. Position gun over joint. End of wire may be lightly Maintenance and Troubleshooting Section.)
touching the work.
8. Lower welding helmet, close gun trigger, and
begin welding. Hold the gun so the contact tip to
work distance is about 3/8 inch (10 mm).
9. To stop welding, release the gun trigger and then
pull the gun away from the work after the arc goes The serviceability of a product or structure utilizing
out. this type of information is and must be the sole
10. When no more welding is to be done, close valve responsibility of the builder/user. Many variables
on gas cylinder (if used), momentarily operate gun beyond the control of The Lincoln Electric Company
trigger to release gas pressure, and turn off SP- affect the results obtained in applying this type of
100. information. These variables include, but are not
limited to, welding procedure, plate chemistry and
OVERLOAD PROTECTION SHUTDOWN temperature, weldment design, fabrication methods
and service requirements.
Welding Power Overload Protection
CAUTION
Exceeding the maximum rating of the SP-100 can
reduce the life of the machine.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The SP-100 has both a thermostat and a circuit break-
er to protect the machine from damage if the maxi-
mum output is exceeded. If either device is tripped,
there will be no wire feed or output voltage when the
gun trigger is depressed. (The fan will continue to
run.)
� 14 �
LEARNING TO WELD
No one can learn to weld simply by reading about it.
WARNING
Skill comes only with practice. The following pages
will help the inexperienced operator to understand Fume and slag generated from Innershield type
welding and develop this skill. For more detailed infor- electrodes recommended for use with this welding
mation, order a copy of “New Lessons in Arc Welding� machine can be toxic.
listed inside the back cover of this manual.
� Avoid contact with eyes and skin.
� Do not take internally.
THE ARC-WELDING CIRCUIT � Keep out of reach of children.
� Follow all safety precautions found in this oper-
The operator’s knowledge of arc welding must go
ating manual.
beyond the arc itself. The operator must know how to
control the arc, and this requires a knowledge of the
FIRST AID: If contact in eyes, flush immediately
welding circuit and the equipment that provides the
with clean water for at least 15 minutes. If swal-
electric current used in the arc. Following is a drawing
lowed, induce vomiting. Never give anything by
of the welding circuit for the SP-100. The circuit
mouth to an unconscious person. Call a physi-
begins where the gun cable is attached to the welding
cian.
machine. Current flows through the gun cable, gun,
----------------------------------------------------------------------
and contact tip, to the wire and across the arc. On the
The gun and cable assembly is held by the operator
work side of the arc, current flows through the base
who guides the automatically fed wire along the joint,
metal to the work cable and back to the welding
maintaining a contact tip to work distance of about 3/8
machine. This circuit must be complete for the current
to 1/2 inch (10 � 12 mm) (this is called electrical stick-
to flow.
out). This electrical stickout (ESO) must be properly
maintained by the operator. The electric arc is made
The SP-100 welding circuit has a voltage output of 28
in the gap between the work and the tip end of a small
volts DC maximum. This voltage is quite low and is
diameter wire. When the power source is properly set,
only present when the gun trigger is depressed.
the arc gap is maintained automatically.
SP-100 Welder
and controls
Arc welding is a manual skill requiring a steady hand,
good physical condition, and good eyesight. The oper-
ator controls the welding arc, and, therefore, the quali-
Gun cable
ty of the weld made.
Work cable
THE SELF-SHIELDED FCAW WELDING
ARC
The following drawing illustrates the action taking
Arc
place in the self-shielded FCAW (Innershield) welding
arc. It closely resembles what is actually seen while
Base metal
welding.
Work clamp (work)
To weld, the work clamp must be tightly connected to The “arc stream� is seen in the middle of the picture.
clean base metal. Remove paint, rust, dirt or oil as This is the electric arc created by the electric current
necessary and connect the work clamp as close as flowing through the space between the end of the wire
possible to the area you wish to weld. This helps pre- electrode and the base metal. The temperature of this
vent current from going through an unwanted path. arc is about 6000°F, which is more than enough to
Avoid allowing the welding circuit to pass through melt metal. The arc is very bright, as well as hot, and
hinges, bearings, electronic components, or similar cannot be looked at with the naked eye without risking
devices that can be damaged. Always disconnect painful injury. The very dark lens, specifically
electrical devices before welding upon them. designed for arc welding, must be used with the
hand or face shield whenever viewing the arc.
Electronic components
The arc melts the base metal and actually digs into it,
much as water through a nozzle on a garden hose
digs into the earth. The molten metal forms a molten
pool or crater and tends to flow away from the arc. As
it moves away from the arc, it cools and solidifies.
The function of the Innershield cored wire electrode is
much more than simply to carry current to the arc. The
wire core is composed of fluxes and/or alloying ingre-
dients around which a steel sheath has been formed.
It is simply a stick electrode turned inside out in a con-
Hinges
tinuous wire form.
� 15 �
WELDING TECHNIQUES FOR THE SELF-
SHIELDED FCAW PROCESS
Four simple manipulations are of prime importance.
With complete mastery of the four, welding will be
easy.
Burning of core materials
Cored wire
inside wire electrode
results in shield of gas.
The Correct Welding Position.
Protective slag
Arc stream
Illustrated below is the correct welding position for
right-handed people. (For left-handed, it is opposite.)
Weld metal
Base metal
Hold the gun (of the gun and cable assembly) in your
right hand, and hold the hand shield with your left
Molten pool
hand. (Left handers simply do the opposite.)
The cored wire melts in the arc and tiny droplets of
molten metal shoot across the arc into the molten
When using the self-shielded FCAW process, weld
pool. The wire sheath provides additional filler metal
from left to right (if you are right handed). This enables
for the joint to fill the groove or gap between the two
you to clearly see what you are doing. (Left handers
pieces of the base metal.
do the opposite.) Tilt the gun toward the direction of
travel holding the electrode at an angle as shown
The core materials also melt or burn in the arc and
below.
perform several functions. They make the arc stead-
ier, provide a shield of smoke-like gas around the arc
to keep oxygen and nitrogen in the air away from the
molten metal, and provide a flux for the molten pool.
The flux picks up impurities and forms the protective
slag on top of the weld during cooling.
After running a weld bead, the slag may be removed
with a chipping hammer and wire brush. This
improves appearance and allows for inspection of the
finished weld.
Since machine size and output characteristics limit the
size and type of wire electrode which can be used, The Correct Way to Strike an Arc.
Lincoln .035" (0.9 mm) NR-211-MP Innershield elec-
trode is recommended for Self-Shielded Flux Cored
Arc Welding with the SP-100.
WARNING
MACHINE SET UP FOR THE SELF- ARC RAYS can burn eyes and skin.
SHIELDED FCAW PROCESS � When using an open arc process, it is
necessary to use correct eye, head
1. See page 6, “Recommended Processes and
and body protection.
Equipment� for selection of welding wire and shield-
� Protect yourself and others; read the
ing gas, and for range of metal thicknesses that can
section on Arc Burn at the front of this manual.
be welded.
2. See the “Welding� chart on the inside of wire feed ------------------------------------------------------------------------
section door for information on setting the controls.
(Also on page 23 of this manual.)
1. Be sure the work clamp makes good electrical con-
3. Set the “Voltage� and “Wire Speed� controls to the
tact to the work.
settings suggested on the chart for the welding wire
2. Position gun over joint. End of wire may be lightly
and base metal thickness being used. The voltage
touching the work.
control is marked “V� and the wire feed speed is
3. Position faceshield to protect face and eyes, close
marked “olo.�
gun trigger, and begin welding. Hold the gun so that
4. Check that the polarity is correct for the welding
the contact tip to work distance is about 3/8 to 1/2
wire being used. Set the polarity for DC� when
inch (10 to 12 mm).
welding with NR-211-MP Innershield electrode.
4. To stop welding, release the gun trigger and then
(See installation instructions on page 9 on how to
pull the gun away from the work after the arc goes
make output polarity connection.)
out.
5. When using Innershield electrode, the gasless noz-
5. A ball may form at the tip end of the wire after weld-
zle may be used instead of a gas nozzle to give
ing. For easier restrikes (with Innershield wire), the
improved visibility.
ball may be removed by feeding out a few inches of
6. Connect work clamp to metal to be welded. Work
wire and simply bending the wire back and forth
clamp must make good electrical contact to the
until it breaks off.
workpiece. The workpiece must also be grounded
6. When no more welding is to be done, turn off the
as stated in “Arc Welding Safety Precautions� sec-
machine.
tion of this manual.
� 16 �
The Correct Electrical Stickout
First weld from A to B; then
from C to A; then from D to C;
C D E
B A then from E to D, and so on.
2-3�
(50-75mm)
BACKSTEPPING
Contact tip
Practice.
The best way of getting practice in the four skills that
Wire electrode enable you to maintain:
3/8 - 1/2� Electrical Stickout
1. Correct welding position
2. Correct way to strike an arc
3. Correct electrical stickout
4. Correct welding speed
The electrical stickout (ESO) is the distance from the
end of the contact tip to the end of the wire. is to spend a little more time on the following exercise.
Once the arc has been established, maintaining the Use the following:
correct ESO becomes extremely important. The ESO
Mild Steel 16 gauge or 1/16 inch (1.6 mm)
should be approximately 3/8 to 1/2 inch (10 to 12 mm)
Electrode .035" (0.9 mm) NR-211-MP
long.
Innershield wire
Voltage setting “V� E
The easiest way to tell whether the ESO is the correct
Wire feed speed olo 2
length is by listening to its sound. The correct ESO
has a distinctive “crackling� sound, very much like
1. Learn to strike an arc by positioning the gun over
eggs frying in a pan. A long ESO has a hollow, blow-
the joint and touching the wire to the work.
ing or hissing sound. If the ESO is too short, you may
2. Position faceshield to protect face and eyes.
stick the contact tip or nozzle to the weld puddle
3. Depress gun trigger, hold gun so contact tip to work
and/or fuse the wire to the contact tip.
distance is about 3/8 to 1/2 inch (10 to 12 mm) and
the gun is at proper angle.
The Correct Welding Speed
4. After you strike the arc, practice the correct electri-
The important thing to watch while welding is the pud-
cal stickout. Learn to distinguish it by its sound.
dle of molten metal right behind the arc. Do not watch
5. When you are sure that you can hold the correct
the arc itself. It is the appearance of the puddle and
electrical stickout, with a smooth “crackling� arc,
the ridge where the molten puddle solidifies that indi-
start moving. Look at the molten puddle constantly,
cates correct welding speed. The ridge should be
and look for the ridge where the metal solidifies.
approximately 3/8" (10 mm) behind the wire electrode.
6. Run beads on a flat plate. Run them parallel to the
top edge (the edge farthest away from you). This
Most beginners tend to weld too fast, resulting in a
gives you practice in running straight welds, and
thin, uneven, “wormy� looking bead. They are not
also gives you an easy way to check your progress.
watching the molten metal.
The 10th weld will look considerably better than the
first weld. By constantly checking on your mistakes
and your progress, welding will soon be a matter of
Molten puddle
Ridge where puddle
solidifies
routine.
(10-12mm)
Contact
tip 3/8-1/2â€ESO
Helpful Hints.
1. For general welding, it is not necessary to weave Gun angle
the arc; neither forward or backward nor sideways.
Weld along at a steady pace. You will find it easier.
2. When welding on thin plate, you will find that you
COMMON METALS
will have to increase the welding speed, whereas
when welding on heavy plate, it is necessary to go
Most metals found around the farm, small shop or
more slowly in order to get good penetration.
home are low carbon steel, sometimes referred to as
3. When welding sheet metal 16 gauge (1.5 mm) and
mild steel. Typical items made with this type of steel
lighter, heat buildup may cause part warpage and
include most sheet metal, plate, pipe and rolled
burnthrough. One way to eliminate these problems
shapes such as channels and angle irons. This type of
is to use the backstepping method.
� 17 �
steel can usually be easily welded without special pre-
cautions. Some steels, however, contain higher car-
bon levels or other alloys and are more difficult to
weld. Basically, if a magnet sticks to the metal and if
you can easily cut the metal with a file, chances are
good that you will be able to weld the material
with the
SP-100. For further information on identifying various
types of steels and other metals, and for proper proce-
dures for welding them, we again suggest you pur- Penetration
chase a copy of “New Lessons in Arc Welding� (see
Unless a weld penetrates close to 100% of the metal
page 29).
thickness, a butt weld will be weaker than the material
welded together. In this example, the total weld is only
Regardless of the type of metal being welded, it is
half the thickness of the material; thus the weld is only
important in order to get a quality weld that it be free
approximately half as strong as the metal.
of oil, paint, rust or other contaminant's.
TYPES OF WELDS
Five types of welding joints are: Butt Welds, Fillet
Welds, Lap Welds, Edge Welds and Corner Welds. Poor
Of these, the Butt Weld and Fillet Weld are the two In this example, the joint has been welded so that
most common welds. 100% penetration could be achieved. The weld, if
properly made, is as strong as or stronger than the
original metal.
Butt weld
Lap weld
Good
Fillet Welds
When welding fillet welds, it is very important to hold
the wire electrode at a 45° angle between the two
sides, or the metal will not distribute itself evenly. The
Edge weld Fillet weld Corner weld
gun nozzle is generally formed at an angle to facilitate
this.
WELDING PROCEDURES
Butt Welds
Place two plates side by side, leaving a space approx- 45Ëš
imately one half the thickness of the metal between
them in order to get deeper penetration.
Securely clamp or tack weld the plates at both ends,
otherwise the heat will cause the plates to move apart
(see drawing):
WELDING IN THE VERTICAL POSITION
Welding in the vertical position can be done either ver-
tical-up or vertical-down. Vertical-up is used whenever
a larger, stronger weld is desired. Vertical-down is
used primarily on sheet metal 5/32" (3.9 mm) and
under for fast, low penetrating welds.
WARNING
Now weld the two plates together. Weld from left to
Use of the SP-100 on thicker materials than rec-
right (if right handed). Point the wire electrode down in
ommended may result in poor welds. The welds
the crack between the two plates, keeping the gun
may “look� good, but may just be “sitting� on top
slightly tilted in the direction of travel.
of the plate. This is called “Cold Casting� and will
Watch the molten metal to be sure it distributes itself result in weld failure. See Recommended Processes
evenly on both edges and in between the plates. and Equipment.
___________________________________________
� 18 �
Vertical-Up and Overhead Welding protect the molten weld metal. For this reason, a con-
tinuous even flow of shielding gas is needed to protect
The problem, when welding vertical-up, is to put the
the molten weld metal from atmospheric contaminan-
molten metal where it is wanted and make it stay
t's such as oxygen and nitrogen. Shielding gas is sup-
there. If too much molten metal is deposited, gravity
plied through the gun and cable assembly through the
will pull it downwards and make it “drip.� Therefore, a
gas nozzle, and into the welding zone.
certain technique has to be followed.
The shielding gas has several other functions besides
When welding out-of-position, run stringer beads.
protecting the molten weld metal. It helps shape the
Don’t whip, break the arc, move out of the puddle, or
cross section of the weld deposit, may increase or
move too fast in any direction. Use WFS in the low
decrease arc temperature, stabilizes the arc, and reg-
portion of the range. General techniques are illustrat-
ulates penetration.
ed below.
When comparing the GMAW and FCAW processes,
Generally, keep the electrode nearly perpendicular to
you can see that the principal difference between the
the joint as illustrated. The maximum angle above per-
two lies in the type of shielding used. GMAW uses gas
pendicular may be required if porosity becomes a
for shielding, thus we have Gas Metal Arc Welding.
problem.
FCAW uses the melting or burning of the core ingredi-
ents for shielding, and is thus termed Self-Shielded
Flux Cored Arc Welding.
Maximum plate Gas nozzle
thickness 5/16� (8.0mm)
Shielding gas
Solid wire
electrode
Weld metal
Base metal
The recommended wire for Gas Metal Arc Welding
Vertical-Down Welding
(MIG) is Lincolnweld ® .025" L-56 electrode.
Vertical-down welds are applied at a fast pace. These Lincolnweld® L-56 is capable of welding a wide range
welds are therefore shallow and narrow, and as such of mild steels in all positions, however, more skill is
are excellent for sheet metal. Vertical-down welds required for out-of-position welding with the GMAW
may be applied to 5/32" (3.9 mm) and lighter material. process.
This material is within the range of the SP-100 when
used with .035" (0.9 mm) NR-211-MP Innershield PROCESS SELECTION
electrode.
By gaining knowledge of the differences between the
two processes, you will be able to select the best
Use stringer beads and tip the gun in the direction of
process for the job you have at hand. In selecting a
travel so the arc force helps hold the molten metal in
process, you should consider:
the joint. Move as fast as possible consistent with
desired bead shape.
For GMAW (MIG) process
1. Is most of my welding performed on 16 gauge and
lighter materials?
2. Can I afford the extra expense, space, and lack of
portability required for gas cylinders and gas supply
lines?
3. Do I require clean, finished-looking welds?
If you have answered yes to all the above questions,
GMAW may be the process for you. If you have
The important thing is to continue lowering the entire
answered no to any of the above questions then you
arm as the weld is made so the angle of the gun does
should consider using the FCAW process.
not change. Move the electrode wire fast enough that
the slag does not catch up with the arc. Vertical-down
welding gives thin, shallow welds. It should not be For FCAW (Innershield) process
used on heavy material where large welds are
1. Do I want simplicity and portability?
required.
2. Will welding be performed outdoors or under windy
conditions?
THE GMAW (MIG) WELDING ARC
3. Do I require good all position welding capability?
The drawing below illustrates the GMAW (MIG) weld- 4. Will most welding be performed on 16 gauge and
ing arc. Solid wire does not contain fluxes or ingredi- heavier, somewhat rusty or dirty materials?
ents to form its own shielding and no slag forms to 5. Weld must be cleaned prior to painting.
� 19 �
operate gun trigger to release gas pressure, then turn off
MACHINE SETUP FOR THE GMAW (MIG)
the machine.
PROCESS
1. See “Recommended Processes and Equipment� for The Correct Electrical Stickout
selection of welding wire and shielding gas and for
The electrical stickout (ESO) for GMAW (MIG) weld-
range of metal thicknesses that can be welded.
ing is 3/8 to 1/2 inch (10 to 12 mm). The same rules
2. See the “Welding � chart on the inside of wire feed
apply as when welding with .035" (0.9 mm) NR-211-MP
section door or in this manual for information on
Innershield wire.
setting the controls.
3. Set the “Voltage� and “Wire Speed� controls to the
The Correct Welding Speed
settings suggested for the welding wire and base
metal thickness being used. The voltage control is The same rules apply as those for self-shielded
marked “V� and the wire feed speed is marked olo. FCAW welding. At first, it may be more difficult to
4. Check that the polarity is correct for the welding judge speed since no slag is forming behind the
wire being used. Set the polarity for DC(+) when molten pool. Watch the ridge where the molten puddle
welding with the GMAW (MIG) process. (See page solidifies.
9 of the Installation Instructions on how to make
output polarity connections.) Practice
5. Check that the gas nozzle and proper size liner and
To practice your GMAW (MIG) welding skills, use the
contact tip are being used, and that the gas supply
following:
is turned on. If adjustable, set for 15 to 20 cubic
Mild steel 16 gauge (about 1/16 inch)
feet per hour (7 to 10 liters/min) under normal con-
Electrode Lincolnweld® .025 L-56 electrode
ditions; increase as high as 35 CFH (17 liters/min)
Shielding gas CO2
under drafty (slightly windy) conditions.
Voltage setting “V� G
NOTE: The gas regulators included in the optional
Wire feed speed olo 5
K463 and K499 kits are preset and nonadjustable.
6. Connect work clamp to metal to be welded. Work
Then follow the instructions in the practice section on
clamp must make good electrical contact to the
self-shielded FCAW welding.
workpiece. The workpiece must also be grounded
as stated in “Arc Welding Safety Precautions.�
WELDING PROCEDURES
WELDING TECHNIQUES FOR THE GMAW When GMAW (MIG) welding on sheet metal, remem-
(MIG) PROCESS ber to use the “forehand� push technique, and review
the welding procedures section on self-shielded
The welding techniques for the GMAW (MIG) process
FCAW Innershield welding.
on light gauge material are basically the same as
welding with .035" (0.9 mm) NR-211-MP Innershield
Welding in the Vertical Position
electrode. (Review welding techniques in the self-
One variation of welding procedure is welding in the
shielded FCAW Innershield section on page 14.) The
vertical-up position. When welding in the vertical-up
few exceptions are noted below.
position, use the proper gun angle shown below.
The Correct Welding Position
When using the GMAW process on light gauge mater-
ial, weld from right to left (if right handed) pushing the
electrode ahead of the arc (see figure following). This
technique results in a colder weld and has less ten-
dency for burnthrough. You may weld in the opposite
direction as long as you are obtaining desirable
results.
Gun angle for the GMAW process welding in the vertical-up position.
Push Technique
The Correct Way to Strike an Arc
1. The arc is struck the same as for self-shielded
FCAW welding. However, for easier restrikes, the
ball at the tip end of the wire which forms after com-
pleting a weld may be removed with wire cutters.
2. When no more welding is to be done, don’t forget to
first close valve on gas cylinder (if used), momentarily
� 20 �
TROUBLESHOOTING WELDS
To Correct Poor Penetration (in order of importance)
Good welds have excellent appearance.
1. Decrease stickout
2. Increase WFS (wire feed speed) (“oIo�)
3. Decrease voltage (“V�)
4. Increase speed
5. Decrease drag angle
6. Check for correct gas, if used
If Arc Blow Occurs (in order of importance)
To Eliminate Porosity (in order of importance) �
(NOTE: Try different ground connection locations
before adjusting procedures)
1. Decrease drag angle
2. Increase stickout
3. Decrease voltage (“V�)
4. Decrease WFS (wire feed speed) (“oIo�) and
voltage (“V�)
5. Decrease travel speed
Turn on gas supply, if used
1. Decrease voltage To Eliminate Stubbing (in order of importance)
2. Increase stickout
1. Increase voltage (“V�)
3. Increase WFS (wire feed speed) 2. Decrease WFS (wire feed speed) (“oIo�)
4. Decrease drag angle 3. Decrease stickout
4. Increase drag angle
5. Decrease travel speed.
NOTE: Always be sure the joint is free from mois-
Stubbing occurs when the electrode drives through
ture, oil, rust, paint or other contaminant's.
the molten puddle and hits the bottom plate tending to
push the gun up.
To Eliminate a Ropey Convex Bead (in order of
importance)
PROPER GUN HANDLING
Most feeding problems are caused by improper han-
dling of the gun cable or electrodes.
1. Do not kink or pull the gun cable around sharp cor-
ners.
1. Increase voltage 2. Keep the gun cable straight as practical when weld-
2. Decrease stickout ing.
3. Decrease WFS (wire feed speed)
3. Do not allow dolly wheels or trucks to run over the
4. Decrease travel speed
cables.
5. Decrease drag angle
6. Check for correct gas, if used 4. Keep the cable clean per maintenance instructions
in this Operation Manual.
To Reduce Spatter (in order of importance)
5. Innershield electrode has proper surface lubrica-
tion. Use only clean, rust-free electrode.
6. Replace the contact tip when it becomes worn or
the end is fused or deformed.
1. Increase voltage
2. Increase drag angle
3. Decrease stickout
4. Increase WFS (wire feed speed)
5. Decrease travel speed
6. Check for correct gas, if used
� 21 �
ROUTINE MAINTENANCE
WARNING
ELECTRIC SHOCK can kill.
� Disconnect input power by removing
plug from receptacle before working
inside SP-100.
� Use only grounded receptacle.
� Do not touch electrically "hot" parts inside SP-100.
� Have qualified personnel do the maintenance and
troubleshooting work.
Requires NO Maintenance
� Drive Motor and Gearbox - Lifetime lubrication
� Fan Motor - Lifetime lubrication.
� Wire Reel Spindle - Do NOT lubricate shaft.
Before Each Use
� Check over machine and accessories for any obvious condition that may
prevent safe performance or operation, repair or replace items as necessary
to correct any abnormal condition.
After 5 minutes of welding or when spatter accumulates in nozzle
� Clean nozzle to avoid bridging between nozzle and contact tip which results
in shorted nozzle, poor welds and overheated gun. Hint: Anti-stick spray or
gel available from a welding supply distributor may reduce buildup and aid in
spatter removal.
After each spool of wire feed
� Remove contact tip and clean inside diameter with short piece of wire
� Clean cable liner - when rough and erratic wirefeeding occur.
After feeding 50# of Flux Cored Wire or 300# of Solid Wire
Unplug machine or turn power switch to OFF - "O" position.
Remove gun and cable from machine.
Remove gas nozzle and contact tip from gun
Lay cable out straight - blow out gently with compressed air - Bend cable
back and forth - blow out again - Repeat until clean. CAUTION Excessive
pressure at start may cause the dirt to form a plug.
Perodically As Required
� Blow dirt out of the welder with low pressure air to eliminate excessive dirt and
dust buildup that could cause welder to run hot.
� Vacuum accumulated dirt from gearbox and wire feed section.
� Inspect the incoming guide tube and clean inside diameter if necessary.
Replace when excessively worn.
� Replace Contact Tip - when hole is enlarged or elongated
Unplug machine or turn power switch to OFF - "O" position.
Unscrew nozzle by turning counterclockwise.
Unscrew contact tip by turning counterclockwise
Replace contact tip - use correct size - see stencil on tip - tighten snugly.
Replace gas nozzle.
� 22 �
� Replace Liner - when wire feeding problems occur and other items have been checked.
NOTICE: The variation in cable lengths prevents the interchangeability of liners.
Once a liner has been cut for a particular gun, it should not be installed in
another gun unless it can meet the liner cutoff length requirement.
Remove gun and cable assembly from machine.
Remove the nozzle according to the instructions in contact tip
replacement.
Remove the gas diffuser from the gun tube by unscrewing
counterclockwise.
Lay the gun and cable out straight on a flat surface. Loosen the set
screw located in the brass connector at the wire feeder end of the cable.
Pull the liner out of the cable.
Insert a new untrimmed liner into the connector end of the cable. Be
sure the liner bushing is stencilled appropriately for the wire size being
used.
Fully seat the liner bushing into the connector. Tighten the set screw on
the brass cable connector. At this time, the gas diffuser should not be
installed onto the end of the gun tube.
With the gas nozzle and diffuser removed from the gun tube, be sure
the cable is straight, and then trim the liner to the length shown in the
diagram below. Remove any burrs from the end of the liner.
Screw the gas diffuser onto the end of the gun tube and securely tighten.
Replace the contact tip and nozzle.
Liner trim length for the Magnum 100L gun. (red trigger)
1-1/4"(1.25)
(31.8 mm)
Liner trim
Brass cable
length
Set screw connector
Gas diffuser
Liner assembly Gas nozzle
(Liner bushing to be seated tight or gasless nozzle
against brass cable connector)
� Replace internal gun handle parts as necessary.
The gun handle consists of two halves that are held together with a collar
on each end. To open up the handle, turn the collars approximately 60
degrees counterclockwise (the same direction as removing a right hand
thread) until the collar reaches a stop. Then pull the collar off the gun
handle. If the collars are difficult to turn, position the gun handle against
a corner, place a screwdriver against the tab on the collar and give the
screwdriver a sharp blow to turn the collar past an internal locking rib.
COUNTERCLOCKWISE
� 23 �
GENERAL TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
WARNING
ELECTRIC SHOCK can kill.
� Disconnect input power by removing
plug from receptacle before working
inside SP-100.
� Use only grounded receptacle.
� Do not touch electrically "hot" parts inside SP-100.
� Have qualified personnel do the maintenance and
troubleshooting work.
Problems
Problem Possible Cause What To Do
No Wire Feed, Weld Welder not ON (“I�) Turn welder power ON (“I�)
Output or Gas Flow
Welder not plugged in Plug in - check both ends of input cable
Gun Cable Damaged Inspect or Replace
Trigger Switch Problem Repair or Replace
Circuit breaker or Thermostat Tripped See “Overload Protection Shutdown� Section
No Arc, Weak Arc Poor ground connection to work Check ground connection
Gun or Power cable connection loose Check - repair or replace cable or connectors
Voltage set too low Adjust Voltage
Tip too large for wire size Use correct tip
No Wire Feed Wire spool or reel empty Install new spool or reel
Drive Roll size incorrect Change Drive Roll - Refer to proper section
Drive Roll worn Replace
Wire Drive release open Close wire drive release
Wire welded to tip Peel wire off or use new tip
Kink or bend in Wire Remove wire, cut out kink, reload wire
Tip or cable liner to small for wire Insert correct tip or liner
Trigger circuit connections loose Check connections
Dirty or Worn cable liner Clean or Replace - Refer to proper section
Wire feed too fast or slow Wrong speed set for work Adjust wire feed speed at machine
� 24 �
Low or no gas flow Cylinder valve closed Open cylinder valve
Gas flow not set correctly Set proper flow rate
Cylinder out of gas Get new cylinder of gas
Leak in gas line Inspect and replace
Clog or Leak in gun Check for obstruction or defective seals
Arc unstable Wrong welding polarity Check polarity - Refer to proper section
Erratic or Intermittent Wrong size, worn and/or Replace tip - remove any spatter on end of tip
Arc - Poor Starting melted contact tip
"Hunting" Arc
Worn work cable or poor connections Inspect - repair or replace as necessary
Loose electrode connections Be sure electrode lead is tight, gun cable tight in
wire feeder contact block, gun nozzle and gun
tip tight
� 25 �
SP 1 0 0 WIRING DIAGRAM
Do not operate with covers removed.
Disconnect input power by unplugging
ARC VOLTAGE power cord before servicing
CONTROL P.C. BOARD 5K
Do not touch electrically live parts
R1
7 7
Only qualified persons should install, use or
205 207
HIGH VOLTAGE
service this machine.
can kill
32A
32A 206
*
( J2 )
GAS
SOLENOID
*
( J1 )
WIRE SPEED
N.C.
5K
R2
31A
531 1 2 1 2 3 4 6
3 5 6 5 8 9 10
4 7
GUN TRIGGER THERMOSTAT
208 203
(MOUNTED TO
209 212
32 206 203 213 208
539 204 DIODE HEATSINK)
205 541 203 211
207 209
211
213
(W)
TO GROUND
FAN 539
PER NATIONAL
MOTOR
ELECTRICAL CODE WIRE FEED MOTOR
204 +
541
(B)
203
OUTPUT CHOKE
24 VAC
L2 AUX WDG.
L1
204
+
CIRCUIT
204
S1 31A 531
BREAKER
D1
ON-OFF
D2 204 GUN CABLE
SWITCH 202
31
CONDUCTOR
+
N.D. 59,000 f
N.A.
BLOCK
N.D. 40V
C1
N.C.
203
201
32
T1
N.B., N.D.
D4
D3 203
TO
203 WORK
-
*
CONNECTOR CAVITY NUMBER
J2
J1
5
1 2 3 1 2 3 4
NOTES: ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS PER E1537
N.A. DIODES D1 & D3 ARE MOUNTED ON THE OUTSIDE HEATSINK.
LEAD COLOR CODE:
N.B. DIODES D2 & D4 ARE MOUNTED ON THE INSIDE HEATSINK,
4 5 6 6 7 8 9 10
WHICH IS CLOSEST TO THE CENTER PANEL.
B-BLACK W-WHITE
N.C. COMPONENT VIEWED FROM REAR. LATCH LATCH
N.D. BOLTED ALUMINUM CONNECTIONS REQUIRE JOINT COMPOUND.
CAVITY NUMBERING SEQUENCE
SEE OPERATING MANUAL WHEN REATTACHING.
11-12-93K
(COMPONENT SIDE OF BOARD)
M16576
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Durable, cloth-covered board binding. BASIC COURSE $700.00
$4.50 postage paid U.S.A. Mainland 5 weeks of fundamentals
There is a 10% discount on all orders of $50.00 or more for shipment at one time to one location.
Orders of $50 or less before discount or orders outside of North America must be prepaid with charge, check or money order in U.S. Funds Only.
Prices include shipment by 4 th Class Book Rate for U.S.A. Mainland Only. Please allow up to 4 weeks for delivery.
UPS Shipping for North America Only. All prepaid orders that request UPS shipment please add:
$5.00 For order value up to $49.99
$10.00 For order value between $50.00 & $99.99
$15.00 For order value between $100.00 & $149.00
For North America invoiced orders over $50.00 & credit card orders, if UPS is requested, it will be invoiced or charged to you at cost.
Outside U.S.A. Mainland order must be prepaid in U.S. Funds. Please add $2.00 per book for surface mail or $15.00 per book for air parcel post shipment.
METHOD OF PAYMENT: (Sorry, No C.O.D. Orders) Name: _______________________________________________
CHECK ONE:
Address: _______________________________________________
Please Invoice (only if order is over $50.00)
_______________________________________________
Check or Money Order Enclosed, U.S. Funds only
Credit Card - Telephone: _______________________________________________
MasterCard
VISA ®
®
Signature as it appears on Charge Card:
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Account No. Exp Date
______________________
AMERICAN EXPRESS
MasterCard
Month Year
AMERICAN EXPRESS
USE THIS FORM TO ORDER: Order from: BOOK DIVISION, The Lincoln Electric Company, 22801 St. Clair Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44117-1199
Telephone: 216-383-2211 or, for fastest service, FAX this completed form to: 216-361-5901.
BOOKS OR FREE INFORMATIVE CATALOGS
Lincoln Welding School Titles: Price Code Quantity Cost
(ED-80) New Lessons in Arc Welding $5.00 L
Seminar Information Procedure Handbook “Twelfth Edition� $15.00 PH
(ED-45) How to Read Shop Drawings $4.50 H
Educational Video Information Incentive Management $5.00 IM
(ED-93) A New Approach to Industrial Economics $5.00 NA
James F. Lincoln Arc Welding The American Century of John C. Lincoln $5.00 AC
Foundation Book Information Welding Preheat Calculator $3.00 WC-8
(JFLF-515) Pipe Welding Charts $4.50 ED-89
SUB TOTAL
Additional Shipping Costs if any
TOTAL COST
� 41 �
â—? Do not touch electrically live parts or â—? Keep flammable materials away. â—? Wear eye, ear and body protection.
WARNING electrode with skin or wet clothing.
â—? Insulate yourself from work and
ground.
Spanish
â—? No toque las partes o los electrodos â—? Mantenga el material combustible â—? Protéjase los ojos, los oÃdos y el
AVISO DE bajo carga con la piel o ropa moja- fuera del área de trabajo. cuerpo.
da.
PRECAUCION â—? Aislese del trabajo y de la tierra.
French � Ne laissez ni la peau ni des vête- � Gardez à l’écart de tout matériel � Protégez vos yeux, vos oreilles et
ments mouillés entrer en contact inflammable. votre corps.
ATTENTION avec des pièces sous tension.
â—? Isolez-vous du travail et de la terre.
� Berühren Sie keine stromführenden
German � Entfernen Sie brennbarres Material! � Tragen Sie Augen-, Ohren- und Kör-
Teile oder Elektroden mit Ihrem perschutz!
WARNUNG Körper oder feuchter Kleidung!
â—? Isolieren Sie sich von den
Elektroden und dem Erdboden!
Portuguese
� Não toque partes elétricas e elec- � Mantenha inflamáveis bem guarda- � Use proteção para a vista, ouvido e
trodos com a pele ou roupa molha- dos. corpo.
ATENÇÃO da.
� Isole-se da peça e terra.
Japanese
Chinese
Korean
Arabic
READ AND UNDERSTAND THE MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTION FOR THIS EQUIPMENT AND THE CONSUMABLES TO BE
USED AND FOLLOW YOUR EMPLOYER’S SAFETY PRACTICES.
SE RECOMIENDA LEER Y ENTENDER LAS INSTRUCCIONES DEL FABRICANTE PARA EL USO DE ESTE EQUIPO Y LOS
CONSUMIBLES QUE VA A UTILIZAR, SIGA LAS MEDIDAS DE SEGURIDAD DE SU SUPERVISOR.
LISEZ ET COMPRENEZ LES INSTRUCTIONS DU FABRICANT EN CE QUI REGARDE CET EQUIPMENT ET LES PRODUITS A
ETRE EMPLOYES ET SUIVEZ LES PROCEDURES DE SECURITE DE VOTRE EMPLOYEUR.
LESEN SIE UND BEFOLGEN SIE DIE BETRIEBSANLEITUNG DER ANLAGE UND DEN ELEKTRODENEINSATZ DES HER-
STELLERS. DIE UNFALLVERHÃœTUNGSVORSCHRIFTEN DES ARBEITGEBERS SIND EBENFALLS ZU BEACHTEN.
� 42 �
â—? Keep your head out of fumes. â—? Turn power off before servicing. â—? Do not operate with panel open or
â—? Use ventilation or exhaust to
WARNING
guards off.
remove fumes from breathing zone.
Spanish
â—? Los humos fuera de la zona de res- â—? Desconectar el cable de ali- â—? No operar con panel abierto o
AVISO DE
piración. mentación de poder de la máquina guardas quitadas.
â—? Mantenga la cabeza fuera de los antes de iniciar cualquier servicio.
PRECAUCION
humos. Utilice ventilación o
aspiración para gases.
French
� Débranchez le courant avant l’entre- � N’opérez pas avec les panneaux
� Gardez la tête à l’écart des fumées.
â—? Utilisez un ventilateur ou un aspira- tien. ouverts ou avec les dispositifs de
ATTENTION
protection enlevés.
teur pour ôter les fumées des zones
de travail.
German
� Strom vor Wartungsarbeiten � Anlage nie ohne Schutzgehäuse
â—? Vermeiden Sie das Einatmen von
abschalten! (Netzstrom völlig öff- oder Innenschutzverkleidung in
Schweibrauch!
WARNUNG
� Sorgen Sie für gute Be- und nen; Maschine anhalten!) Betrieb setzen!
Entlüftung des Arbeitsplatzes!
Portuguese
� Não opere com as tampas removidas. � Mantenha-se afastado das partes
� Mantenha seu rosto da fumaça.
â—? Desligue a corrente antes de fazer
� Use ventilação e exhaustão para moventes.
ATENÇÃO
serviço. � Não opere com os paineis abertos
remover fumo da zona respiratória.
� Não toque as partes elétricas nuas. ou guardas removidas.
Japanese
Chinese
Korean
Arabic
LEIA E COMPREENDA AS INSTRUÇÕES DO FABRICANTE PARA ESTE EQUIPAMENTO E AS PARTES DE USO, E SIGA AS
PRÃTICAS DE SEGURANÇA DO EMPREGADOR.
� 43 �
PERFORMANCE
PLUS PROTECTION
3YEAR
WARRANTY
PARTS &
LABOR
R
ED
LIMITED WARRANTY
D
TO OBTAIN WARRANTY COVERAGE:
SE
STATEMENT OF WARRANTY:
The Lincoln Electric Company (Lincoln) warrants to the You are required to notify Lincoln Electric, your Lincoln
W ER
original purchaser (end-user) of new equipment that it will Distributor, Lincoln Service Center or Field Service Shop of
any defect within the warranty period. Written notification is
be free of defects in workmanship and material.
recommended.
IM P
1
WARRANTY REPAIR:
This warranty is void if Lincoln finds that the equipment has
E SU
been subjected to improper care or abnormal operation.
S If Lincoln's inspection of the equipment confirms the exis-
tence of a defect covered by this warranty, the defect will
WARRANTY PERIOD: be corrected by repair or replacement at Lincoln's option.
SE Y
WARRANTY COSTS:
All warranty periods date from the date of shipment to the
NT
original purchaser and are as follows:
You must bear the cost of shipping the equipment to a
Three Years: Lincoln Service Center or Field Service Shop as well as
RA
return shipment to you from that location.
Transformer Welders
Motor-generator Welders
IMPORTANT WARRANTY LIMITATIONS:
Semiautomatic Wire Feeders
Plasma-cutting Power Source
AR
Engine Driven Welders (except engine and engine � Lincoln will not accept responsibility for repairs made
accessories) with operating speed under 2,000 RPM without its authorization.
W
� Lincoln shall not be liable for consequential damages
Two Years: (such as loss of business, etc.) caused by the defect or
Engine Driven Welders (except engine and engine reasonable delay in correcting the defect.
accessories) with operating speed over 2,000 RPM
� Lincoln's liability under this warranty shall not exceed
the cost of correcting the defect.
All engine and engine accessories are warranted by the
engine or engine accessory manufacturer and are not cov-
� This written warranty is the only express warranty
ered by this warranty.
provided by Lincoln with respect to its products.
Warranties implied by law such as the Warranty of
Equipment not listed above such as guns and cable
Merchantability are limited to the duration of this
assemblies, automatic wire feeders and field-installed
limited warranty for the equipment involved.
optional equipment is warranted for one year.
World's Leader in Welding and Cutting Products Premier Manufacturer of Industrial Motors
Sales and Service through Subsidiaries and Distributors Worldwide
22801 St. Clair Ave. Cleveland, Ohio 44117-1199 U.S.A. Tel. (216) 481-8100
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