PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 1 of 15
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME
PHENOL
SYNONYMS
C6-H6-O, C6H5OH, benzenol, "carbolic
acid", hydroxybenzene, monohydroxybenzene, monophenol, oxybenzene, "phenic
acid", "phenol alcohol", "phenyl hydrate", "phenyl hydroxide", "phenylic acid",
"phenylic alcohol", "RCRA Waste Number U188", "phenolic acid"
PROPER SHIPPING NAME
PHENOL, SOLID
Edit
PRODUCT USE
Used as a general disinfectant, either in solution or mixed with slaked lime,
etc., for toilets, stables, cesspools, floors, drains, etc.; for the manufacture
of colourless or light-coloured artificial resins. Also used in many medicinal
and industrial compounds and dyes; as a reagent in chemical analysis.
SUPPLIER
Company: Quantum Chemicals Pty Ltd
Address:
70 Quantum Close
Quantum Industrial Park
Dandenong South VIC 3175
Australia
Telephone: 1300 782 688
Emergency Tel: 1300 131 001
Fax: 1300 782 699
HAZARD RATINGS
Flammability
Toxicity
Body Contact
Reactivity
Chronic
SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 2 of 15
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the
Criteria of NOHSC, and the ADG Code.
POISONS SCHEDULE
S6
RISK
Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
Causes burns.
Risk of serious damage to eyes.
Possible risk of irreversible effects.
Cumulative effects may result following exposure*.
May be harmful to the foetus/ embryo*.
* (limited evidence).
SAFETY
Keep container in a well ventilated place.
Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
In case of contact with eyes, rinse with plenty of water and contact Doctor or
Poisons Information Centre.
In case of accident by inhalation: remove casualty to fresh air and keep at
rest.
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
phenol 108-95-2 > 99
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
If poisoning occurs, contact a doctor or Poisons Information Centre.
鈥? If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting.
鈥? If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down
position, if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.
鈥? Observe the patient carefully.
鈥? Never give liquid to a person showing signs of being sleepy or with reduced
awareness; i.e. becoming unconscious
鈥? Give water to rinse out mouth, then provide liquid slowly and as much as
casualty can comfortably drink.
鈥? Seek medical advice.
EYE
If this product comes in contact with the eyes:
鈥? Immediately hold eyelids apart and flush the eye continuously with running
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 3 of 15
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
water.
鈥? Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from
eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
鈥? Continue flushing until advised to stop by the Poisons Information Centre or a
doctor, or for at least 15 minutes.
鈥? Transport to hospital or doctor without delay.
鈥? Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by
skilled personnel.
SKIN
If spilt on skin:
鈥? Remove contaminated clothing, swab repeatedly with glycerin, PEG (polyethylene
glycol), or PEG/ methylated spirit mixture or if necessary with methylated
spirit alone*
鈥? Contamination of skin with phenol and some of its derivatives may produce
rapid collapse and death.
鈥? After skin contamination, keep patient under observation for at least 24-48
hours.
鈥? Phenol-decontaminating fluid is more effective than water in removing phenol
from the skin and retarding absorption; olive oil or vegetable oil may also be
used; do not use mineral oil.
鈥? Alcohols* (methylated spirit, for example) may enhance absorption and their
use alone may be ill-advised; some authorities however continue to advise the
use of such treatment.
鈥? Rapid water dilution of phenol burns may increase systemic absorption by
decreasing the extent of the coagulum and thus allowing greater absorption (1).
(1) Ellenhorn and Barceloux: Medical Toxicology: Diagnosis and Treatment of
Human Poisoning.
INHALED
鈥? If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area.
鈥? Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.
鈥? Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed,
where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.
鈥? Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve
resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if
necessary.
鈥? Transport to hospital, or doctor.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
For acute or short term repeated exposures to phenols/ cresols:
鈥? Phenol is absorbed rapidly through lungs and skin. [Massive skin contact may
result in collapse and death]*
鈥? [Ingestion may result in ulceration of upper respiratory tract; perforation of
oesophagus and/or stomach, with attendant complications, may occur. Oesophageal
stricture may occur.]*
鈥? An initial excitatory phase may present. Convulsions may appear as long as 18
hours after ingestion. Hypotension and ventricular tachycardia that require
vasopressor and antiarrhythmic therapy, respectively, can occur.
鈥? Respiratory arrest, ventricular dysrhythmias, seizures and metabolic acidosis
may complicate severe phenol exposures so the initial attention should be
directed towards stabilisation of breathing and circulation with ventilation,
intubation, intravenous lines, fluids and cardiac monitoring as indicated.
鈥? [Vegetable oils retard absorption; do NOT use paraffin oils or alcohols.
Gastric lavage, with endotracheal intubation, should be repeated until phenol
odour is no longer detectable; follow with vegetable oil. A saline cathartic
should then be given.]* ALTERNATIVELY: Activated charcoal (1g/kg) may be given.
A cathartic should be given after oral activated charcoal.
鈥? Severe poisoning may require slow intravenous injection of methylene blue to
treat methaemoglobinaemia.
鈥? [Renal failure may require haemodialysis.]*
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
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Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
鈥? Most absorbed phenol is biotransformed by the liver to ethereal and
glucuronide sulfates and is eliminated almost completely after 24 hours.
[Ellenhorn and Barceloux: Medical Toxicology] *[Union Carbide]
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEX - BEI
These represent the determinants observed in specimens collected from a healthy
worker who has been exposed to the Exposure Standard (ES or TLV):
Determinant Index Sampling Time Comments
1. Total phenol 250 mg/gm End of shift B, NS
in blood creatinine
B: Background levels occur in specimens collected from subjects NOT exposed
NS: Non-specific determinant; also seen in exposure to other materials.
* Provide preplacement and annual medical examinations for employees
exposed to phenol. Persons with a history of convulsive disorders or
abnormalities of the skin, respiratory tract, liver or kidneys would be
expected to be at increased risk from exposure. Examination of the liver,
kidneys and respiratory tract should be stressed. A urinalysis should be
performed including at a minimum, specific gravity, albumin, glucose, and
a microscopic on centrifuged sediment. (Source: NIOSH Sept. 1978.)
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
Carbon dioxide.
Dry chemical powder.
鈥? Alcohol stable foam.
FIRE FIGHTING
Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
鈥? May be violently or explosively reactive.
鈥? Wear full body protective clothing with breathing apparatus.
鈥? Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water
course.
鈥? Consider evacuation (or protect in place).
Use water delivered as a fine spray to control the fire and cool adjacent area.
Avoid spraying water onto liquid pools.
Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
Combustible.
Moderate fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame or oxidisers.
Vapour may readily form an explosive mixture with air.
Decomposes on heating and produces toxic fumes of.
carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid reaction with oxidising agents and halogens.
HAZCHEM
2X
Personal Protective Equipment
Breathing apparatus.
Gas tight chemical resistant suit.
Limit exposure duration to 1 BA set30 mins.
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 5 of 15
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
POLLUTANT -contain spillage.
Environmental hazard - contain spillage.
Wear protective clothing, impervious gloves and safety glasses.
Avoid breathing vapours and contact with skin and eyes.
Use dry clean up procedures and avoid generating dust.
Place spilled material in clean, dry, sealable, labelled container.
Wash area down with large quantity of water and prevent runoff into drains.
MAJOR SPILLS
POLLUTANT -contain spillage.
Environmental hazard - contain spillage.
Clear area of personnel and move upwind.
鈥? Wear full body protective clothing with breathing apparatus.
鈥? Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water
courses.
If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise emergency services.
Shut off all possible sources of ignition and increase ventilation.
Stop leak if safe to do so.
Use dry clean up procedures and avoid generating dust.
Collect recoverable product into labelled containers for recycling.
Collect residues and seal in labelled drums for disposal.
Wash area down with large quantity of water and prevent runoff into drains.
After clean up operations, decontaminate and launder all protective clothing and
equipment before storing and re-using.
PROTECTIVE ACTIONS FOR SPILL
PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE
half
evacuation
downwind
direction
distance
down wind distance
wind isolation
distance
direction
half
evacuation downwind
INITIAL direction distance
ISOLATION
ZONE
From IERG (Canada/Australia)
Isolation Distance 25 metres
Downwind Protection Distance 250 metres
IERG Number 36
FOOTNOTES
1 PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE is defined as the area in which people are at risk
of harmful exposure. This zone assumes that random changes in wind direction
confines the vapour plume to an area within 30 degrees on either side of the
predominant wind direction, resulting in a crosswind protective action distance
equal to the downwind protective action distance.
2 PROTECTIVE ACTIONS should be initiated to the extent possible, beginning with
those closest to the spill and working away from the site in the downwind
direction. Within the protective action zone a level of vapour concentration
may exist resulting in nearly all unprotected persons becoming incapacitated
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
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Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
and unable to take protective action and/or incurring serious or irreversible
health effects.
3 INITIAL ISOLATION ZONE is determined as an area, including upwind of the
incident, within which a high probability of localised wind reversal may
expose nearly all persons without appropriate protection to life-threatening
concentrations of the material.
4 SMALL SPILLS involve a leaking package of 200 litres (55 US gallons) or less,
such as a drum (jerrican or box with inner containers). Larger packages leaking
less than 200 litres and compressed gas leaking from a small cylinder are also
considered "small spills".
LARGE SPILLS involve many small leaking packages or a leaking package of
greater than 200 litres, such as a cargo tank, portable tank or a "one-tonne"
compressed gas cylinder.
5 Guide 153 is taken from the US DOT emergency response guide book.
6 IERG information is derived from CANUTEC - Transport Canada.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING GUIDELINES (ERPG)
The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all
individuals could be exposed for up to one hour WITHOUT experiencing or developing
life-threatening health effects is:
phenol 200 ppm
irreversible or other serious effects or symptoms which could
impair an individual's ability to take protective action is:
phenol 50 ppm
other than mild, transient adverse effects
without perceiving a clearly defined odour is:
phenol 10 ppm
The threshold concentration below which most people.
will experience no appreciable risk of health effects:
phenol 5 ppm
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)
Ingredients considered according to the following cutoffs
Very Toxic (T+) >= 0.1% Toxic (T) >= 3.0%
R50 >= 0.25% Corrosive (C) >= 5.0%
R51 >= 2.5%
else >= 10%
where percentage is percentage of ingredient found in the mixture
SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS
___________________________________________
X X + X X +
___________________________________________
+: May be stored together
O: May be stored together with specific preventions
X: Must not be stored together
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
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Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards to
ensure safe working conditions are maintained.
Use good occupational work practice.
Avoid breathing vapours and contact with skin and eyes.
Use in a well-ventilated area.
Wear personal protective equipment when handling.
Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
Avoid smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
Vapour may travel a considerable distance to source of ignition.
Avoid thermal shock.
Avoid physical damage to containers.
Handle and open container with care.
When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
Wash hands with soap and water after handling.
Work clothes should be laundered separately: NOT at home.
SUITABLE CONTAINER
Polylined drum.
Stainless steel.
Steel drum.
鈥? Check that containers are clearly labelled.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
Segregate from strong oxidizers, halogens, calcium hypochlorite, and
metals such as aluminium, lead, zinc, magnesium.
Reaction with calcium hypochlorite is exothermic and produces toxic fumes
which may ignite. Hot phenol is corrosive to many metals, including
aluminium, lead, magnesium and zinc.
Do not heat phenol above 60 deg.C.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
Protect from light.
Store in a cool, dry place.
Store in a well-ventilated area.
No smoking, naked lights, heat or ignition sources.
Store away from incompatible materials.
Outside or detached storage is preferred.
DO NOT store above 60 deg. C.
DO NOT store in pits, depressions, basements or areas where vapours may be
trapped.
Protect containers against physical damage.
Check regularly for spills and leaks.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
Source Material TWA TWA STEL STEL Peak Peak
ppm mg/m鲁 ppm m5/m鲁 ppm mg/m鲁
_________________________ ________________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
Australia Exposure phenol 1 4
Standards
EMERGENCY EXPOSURE LIMITS
Material Original IDLH Original IDLH Revised IDLH Value Revised IDLH Value
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
Value (ppm) Value (mg/m3) (mg/m3) (ppm)
phenol 250 250 [Unch]
Odour Threshold Value: 0.060 ppm (detection)
NOTE: Detector tubes for phenol, measuring in excess of 1 ppm, are
commercially available.
Systemic absorption by all routes may induce convulsions with damage to
the lungs and central nervous system.
Exposure at or below the recommended TLV-TWA is thought to protect the
worker from respiratory, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal and neurological
toxicity. Workers or volunteers exposed at or below 5.2 ppm have
experienced no ill-effects. Because phenol as a vapour, liquid or solid
can penetrate the skin causing systemic effects, a skin notation is
considered necessary. Although ACGIH has not recommended a STEL it is felt
that ACGIH excursion limits (15 ppm limited to a total duration of 30
minutes with brief excursions limited to no more than 25 ppm) and NIOSH
Ceiling values are sufficiently similar so as to provide the same margin
of safety.
ODOUR SAFETY FACTOR (OSF)
OSF=25 (PHENOL)
Exposed individuals are NOT reasonably expected to be warned, by smell, that the
Exposure Standard is being exceeded.
Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is determined to fall into either Class C, D or E.
The Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is defined as:
OSF= Exposure Standard (TWA) ppm/ Odour Threshold Value (OTV) ppm
Classification into classes follows:
Class OSF Description
A 550 Over 90% of exposed
individuals are aware by
smell that the Exposure
Standard (TLV-TWA for
example) is being
"reached " even when
distracted by working
activities
B 26-550 As """A""" for 50-90% of
persons being distracted
C 1-26 As """A""" for less than
50% of persons being
distracted
D 0.18-1 10-50% of persons aware
of being tested perceive
by smell that the
Exposure Standard is
being reached
E <0.18 As """D""" for less than
10% of persons aware of
being tested
.
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH GUIDELINES
Established occupational exposure limits frequently do not take into
consideration reproductive end points that are clearly below the thresholds for
other toxic effects. Occupational reproductive guidelines (ORGs) have been
suggested as an additional standard. These have been established after a
literature search for reproductive no-observed-adverse effect-level (NOAEL) and
the lowest-observed-adverse-effect-level (LOAEL). In addition the US EPA's
procedures for risk assessment for hazard identification and dose-response
PHENOL
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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
assessment as applied by NIOSH were used in the creation of such limits.
TLV
Ingredient ORG UF Endpoint CR Adeq
phenol 3.6 mg/m鲁 100 D NA -
These exposure guidelines have been derived from a screening level of risk
assessment and should not be construed as unequivocally safe limits. ORGS
represent an 8-hour time-weighted average unless specified otherwise.
CR = Cancer Risk/10000; UF = Uncertainty factor:
TLV believed to be adequate to protect reproductive health:
LOD: Limit of detection
Toxic endpoints have also been identified as:
D = Developmental; R = Reproductive; TC = Transplacental carcinogen
Jankovic J., Drake F.: A Screening Method for Occupational Reproductive
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 57: 641-649 (1996).
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
鈥? Chemical goggles.
鈥? Full face shield.
鈥? Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and
concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of lens
or restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This
should include a review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of
chemicals in use and an account of injury experience. Medical and first-aid
personnel should be trained in their removal and suitable equipment should be
readily available. In the event of chemical exposure, begin eye irrigation
immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens should be
removed at the first signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be removed
in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59].
HANDS/FEET
Neoprene gloves.
PVC gloves.
Rubber boots.
OTHER
Acid-resistant overalls.
鈥? Overalls.
鈥? PVC Apron.
鈥? PVC protective suit may be required if exposure severe.
鈥? Eyewash unit.
鈥? Ensure there is ready access to a safety shower.
GLOVE SELECTION INDEX
Glove selection is based on a modified presentation of the:
"Forsberg Clothing Performance Index".
The effect(s) of the following substance(s) are taken into account in the
computer-generated selection: phenol
Protective Material CPI *.
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
________________________________
BUTYL A
BUTYL/NEOPRENE A
NATURAL+NEOPRENE A
NEOPRENE/NATURAL A
PE/EVAL/PE A
VITON A
VITON/NEOPRENE A
NEOPRENE A
TEFLON A
NATURAL RUBBER B
NITRILE C
NAT+NEOPR+NITRILE C
PVA C
PVC C
________________________________
* CPI - Chemwatch Performance Index
A: Best Selection
B: Satisfactory; may degrade after 4 hours continuous immersion
C: Poor to Dangerous Choice for other than short term immersion
NOTE: As a series of factors will influence the actual performance of the glove,
a final selection must be based on detailed observation. -
* Where the glove is to be used on a short term, casual or infrequent basis,
factors such as "feel" or convenience (e.g. disposability), may dictate a choice
of gloves which might otherwise be unsuitable following long-term or frequent
use. A qualified practitioner should be consulted.
RESPIRATOR
Protection Factor Half-Face Full-Face Powered Air
Respirator Respirator Respirator
10 x ES A P1 Air-line* -- A PAPR-P1 -
50 x ES Air-line** A P2 A PAPR-P2
100 x ES - A P3 -
Air-line* -
100+ x ES - Air-line** A PAPR-P3
* - Negative pressure demand ** - Continuous flow.
The local concentration of material, quantity and
conditions of use determine the type of personal
protective equipment required.
For further information consult site specific
CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your
Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
General exhaust is adequate under normal operating conditions. Local exhaust
ventilation may be required in specific circumstances. If risk of overexposure
exists, wear approved respirator. Correct fit is essential to obtain adequate
protection. Provide adequate ventilation in warehouse or closed storage areas.
Air contaminants generated in the workplace possess varying "escape" velocities
which, in turn, determine the "capture velocities" of fresh circulating air
required to effectively remove the contaminant.
Type of Contaminant: Air Speed:
solvent " "vapours " degreasing "etc. 0.25-0.5 m/s (50-100 f/min)
" evaporating from tank (in still
air).
aerosols " fumes from pouring 0.5-1 m/s (100-200 f/min.)
"operations " intermittent container
"filling " low speed conveyer
PHENOL
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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
"transfers " "welding " spray "drift "
plating acid "fumes " pickling
(released at low velocity into zone of
active generation)
direct "spray " spray painting in 1-2.5 m/s (200-500 f/min.)
shallow "booths " drum "filling "
conveyer "loading " crusher "dusts "
gas discharge (active generation into
zone of rapid air motion)
grinding " abrasive "blasting " 2.5-10 m/s (500-2000 f/min.)
"tumbling " high speed wheel generated
dusts (released at high initial
velocity into zone of very high rapid
air motion).
Within each range the appropriate value depends on:
Lower end of the range Upper end of the range
1: Room air currents minimal or 1: Disturbing room air currents
favourable to capture
2: Contaminants of low toxicity or of 2: Contaminants of high toxicity
nuisance value only.
3: Intermittent, low production. 3: High production, heavy use
4: Large hood or large air mass in 4: Small hood-local control only
motion
Simple theory shows that air velocity falls rapidly with distance away from the
opening of a simple extraction pipe. Velocity generally decreases with the
square of distance from the extraction point (in simple cases). Therefore the
air speed at the extraction point should be adjusted, accordingly, after
reference to distance from the contaminating source. The air velocity at the
extraction fan, for example, should be a minimum of 1-2 m/s (200-400 f/min) for
extraction of solvents generated in a tank 2 meters distant from the extraction
point. Other mechanical considerations, producing performance deficits within
the extraction apparatus, make it essential that theoretical air velocities are
multiplied by factors of 10 or more when extraction systems are installed or
used.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
White, crystalline solid with a characteristic sharp medicinal, sweet,
tangy odour, which is detectable above 0.05 ppm. Phenol turns pink or
red if it contains impurities, or if it is exposed to heat or light.
Soluble in water, benzene. Very soluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether,
glycerol, carbon disulfide, petrolatum, volatile and fixed oils, aqueous
alkali hydroxides.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Solid.
Mixes with water.
Molecular Weight: 94.11 Boiling Range (掳C): 181.7
Melting Range (掳C): 43 Specific Gravity (water=1): 1.06 @ 20 deg.C
Solubility in water (g/L): Miscible pH (as supplied): Not available
pH (1% solution): Not available. Vapour Pressure (kPa): 101.33 @ 181 C
Volatile Component (%vol): 100 Evaporation Rate: Not available
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): 3.24 Flash Point (掳C): 79
Lower Explosive Limit (%): 1.5 Upper Explosive Limit (%): 8.6
PHENOL
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Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Autoignition Temp (掳C): 715 Decomposition Temp (掳C): Not available
State: Divided solid Viscosity: Not available
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
Presence of heat source and ignition source.
Presence of incompatible materials.
Product is considered stable under normal handling conditions.
Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
The material is corrosive to the gastro-intestinal tract may cause severe mucous
membrane damage and may be fatal if swallowed Ingestion may result in nausea,
abdominal irritation, pain and diarrhoea.
EYE
The material is highly corrosive to the eyes and is capable of causing severe
burns and capable of causing severe damage with loss of sight.
The vapour from heated material is highly discomforting to the eyes.
The vapour when concentrated has pronounced eye irritation effects and this
gives some warning of high vapour concentrations. If eye irritation occurs seek
to reduce exposure with available control measures, or evacuate area.
The material may produce severe irritation to the eye causing pronounced
inflammation. Repeated or prolonged exposure to irritants may produce
conjunctivitis.
SKIN
The solid/dust is corrosive to the skin may cause blisters or burns or severe
burns and is it is rapidly absorbed by the skin.
.
Toxic effects may result from skin absorption.
Phenol and its derivatives can cause severe skin irritation if contact is
maintained, and can be absorbed to the skin affecting the cardiovascular and
central nervous system. Effects include sweating, intense thirst, nausea and
vomiting, diarrhoea, cyanosis, restlessness, stupor, low blood pressure,
hyperventilation, abdominal pain, anaemia, convulsions, coma, lung swelling
followed by pneumonia. Respiratory failure and kidney damage may follow.
The material may cause severe skin irritation after prolonged or repeated
exposure and may produce on contact skin redness, swelling, the production of
vesicles, scaling and thickening of the skin. Repeated exposures may produce
severe ulceration.
INHALED
The vapour is extremely discomforting to the upper respiratory tract may cause
severe mucous membrane damage and may be harmful if inhaled.
If phenols are absorbed via the lungs, systemic effects may occur affecting the
cardiovascular and nervous systems. Inhalation can result in profuse
perspiration, intense thirst, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, cyanosis,
restlessness, stupor, falling blood pressure, hyperventilation, abdominal pain,
anaemia, convulsions, coma, swelling and inflammation of the lung. This is
PHENOL
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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
followed by respiratory failure and kidney damage. Phenols also cause loss of
sensation and general depression at high concentrations. The toxicities of
phenol derivatives vary.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
Long-term exposure to phenol derivatives can cause skin inflammation, loss of
appetite and weight, weakness, muscle aches and pain, liver damage, dark urine,
loss of nails, skin eruptions, diarrhoea, nervous disorders with headache,
salivation, fainting, discolouration of the skin and eyes, vertigo and mental
disorders, and damage to the liver and kidneys.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (rat) LD50: 317 mg/kg Skin(rabbit): 500 mg/24hr - SEVERE
Oral (human) LDLo: 140 mg/kg Skin(rabbit): 500 mg Open -SEVERE
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 316 mg/m鲁 Eye(rabbit): 5 mg - SEVERE
Dermal (rabbit) LD50: 850 mg/kg Eye(rabbit): 100 mg rinse - Mild
The substance is classified by IARC as Group 3:
NOT classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.
Evidence of carcinogenicity may be inadequate or limited in animal testing.
CARCINOGEN
IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
Carcinogens: phenol Category: Group 3: Not classifiable as to
carcinogenicity to humans
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
"Hazardous Air Pollutant:" Yes
"Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l):" 0.001-56
"Daphnia magna EC50 (48hr.) (mg/l):" 56
"Algae IC50 (72hr.) (mg/l):" 4.6-7.5
BCF<100: 7.6
"log Kow (Prager 1995):" 1.46
"log Kow (Sangster 1997):" 1.5
"log Pow (Verschueren 1983):" 1.46
BOD5: 1.68
COD: 2.33
ThOD: 2.26
"Half-life Soil - High (hours):" 240
"Half-life Soil - Low (hours):" 24
"Half-life Air - High (hours):" 22.8
"Half-life Air - Low (hours):" 2.28
"Half-life Surface water - High (hours):" 56.5
"Half-life Surface water - Low (hours):" 5.3
"Half-life Ground water - High (hours):" 168
"Half-life Ground water - Low (hours):" 12
"Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours):" 84
"Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours):" 6
"Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours):" 672
"Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours):" 192
"Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours):" 99.90%
"Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - Low (hours):" 90%
"Aqueous photolysis half-life - High (hours):" 173
"Aqueous photolysis half-life - Low (hours):" 46
"Photolysis maximum light absorption - High (nano-m):" 269
"Aqueous photolysis half-life - High (hours):" 173
"Aqueous photolysis half-life - Low (hours):" 46
"Photooxidation half-life water - High (hours):" 3840
"Photooxidation half-life water - Low (hours):" 77
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 14 of 15
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
"Photooxidation half-life air - High (hours):" 22.8
"Photooxidation half-life air - Low (hours):" 2.28
The material is classified as an ecotoxin* because the Fish LC50 (96 hours) is
less than or equal to 0.1 mg/l
* Classification of Substances as Ecotoxic (Dangerous to the Environment)
Appendix 8, Table 1
Compiler's Guide for the Preparation of International Chemical Safety Cards:
1993 Commission of the European Communities.
Koc: 39-148
Half-life (hr) air: 0.25-16
Half-life (hr) H2O surface water: 19-100
Henry's atm m鲁 /mol: 3.97E-07
BOD 5 if unstated: 1.68
COD: 2.28-2.37
ThOD: 2.26-2.40
BCF: 1.9-277
Nitrif. inhib.: 50% inhib at 9mg/L
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
鈥? Consult manufacturer for recycling options and recycle where possible .
鈥? Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.
鈥? Incinerate residue at an approved site.
鈥? Recycle containers if possible, or dispose of in an authorised landfill.
Phenol may be recovered by charcoal absorption, solvent extraction or
steam stripping. A concentration of 1% by weight is required for
economical recovery.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
Labels Required
toxic
HAZCHEM
2X
Land Transport UNDG:
Dangerous Goods Class: 6.1 Subrisk: None
UN Number: 1671 Packing Group: II
Shipping Name:PHENOL, SOLID
Edit
Air Transport IATA:
ICAO/IATA Class: 6.1 ICAO/IATA Subrisk: None
UN/ID Number: 1671 Packing Group: II
ERG Code: 6L
Shipping Name: Phenol, solid
PHENOL
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005 CHEMWATCH 1671
A317TC CD 2006/2 Page 15 of 15
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
Maritime Transport IMDG:
IMDG Class: 6.1 IMDG Subrisk: None
UN Number: 1671 Packing Group: II
EMS Number: None
Shipping Name: PHENOL, SOLID
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE
S6
REGULATIONS
phenol (CAS: 108-95-2) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia Poisons Schedule
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of
private study, research, review or criticism, as permitted under the Copyright
Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from
CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.
Issue Date: 15-Nov-2005
Print Date: 29-Jun-2006
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