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INCO
Nickel Oxide Sinter 75
** THIS DATA SHEET IS PREPARED IN COMPLIANCE WITH EU DIRECTIVE 2001/58/EC**
1. Chemical Composition and Company Identification
INCO Nickel Oxide Sinter 75
NiO Cobalt Oxides Co3O4
INCO C.A.S. Number 1313-99-1 C.A.S. Number 1308-06
EEC Label No 215-215-7 EINECS No. 2151572
INCO Europe Ltd.
Material Clydach Refinery
Clydach, Swansea
SA6 5QR
Emergency Tel. No. 24 hr. 44-01792 842501
Fax: 44-01792 841357
Safety 2. Composition
Typical Analysis:
Ni Co Cu Fe S
Data 76.0% 1.0% 0.75% 0.2% 0.02%
Information on Ingredients:
TRK (1) mg/m 3* TRK (2) mg/m 3* TRK (3) mg/m 3*
Hazardous Typical
Ingredients Composition
Sheet Nickel Oxide 97% 0.5 0.2 0.5
Cobalto-Cobaltic 1.5% 0.1 0.02 0.1
Oxide
3. Hazards Identification
Nickel Oxide
T; Toxic. Category 1 carcinogen.
May cause cancer by inhalation. R49
May cause sensitisation by skin contact. R43
Avoid exposure, obtain special instructions before use. S53
In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical attention immediately. (Show label where possible.)
S45
Cobalto-Cobaltic Oxide
Xn; Harmful
May cause sensitisation by skin contact. R43
Harmful if swallowed. R22
Avoid contact with the skin. S24
Wear suitable gloves. S37
Ingestion Nickel Oxide - no problems recognised, low oral toxicity, LD50 (rat )
>5000mg/kg.
Co3O4 - no problems recognised, low oral toxicity, LD50 (rat)
>5000mg/kg.
Inhalation May cause respiratory irritation. Do not breathe the dust.
Skin Contact May cause sensitisation by skin contact.
Environment Not classified.
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4. First Aid Measures
Ingestion Large quantities of water should be drunk. Seek medical attention.
Inhalation Remove from exposure. Seek medical attention.
Skin Wash thoroughly with water. For rashes seek medical advice.
Show label if possible
Eyes Irrigate eyeball thoroughly with water for at least 10 minutes. If discomfort
persists seek medical attention.
INCO
Wounds Cleanse thoroughly to remove any nickel oxide particles.
Material 5. Fire Fighting Measures
Non flammable. Extinguish surrounding fires with appropriate methods.
Safety 6. Accidental Release Measures
Collect spills by wet sweeping or vacuuming with the vacuum exhaust passing through a high efficiency
particulate arresting (HEPA) filter if exhaust is discharged into the work place. Wear appropriate nationally
approved respirators if collection and disposal of spills is likely to cause the concentration limits of airborne
nickel to exceed the locally prescribed exposure limits.
Data 7. Handling and Storage
Keep in the container supplied and keep container closed when not in use.
Wear suitable protective clothing including gloves.
Sheet
As packed nickel oxide may constitute a manual handling risk.
Nickel oxide is subject to the Control of Major Accident Hazards Directives 82/501EEC, 96/82/EC &
98/433/EC (The Seveso Directive). Local consent needs to be obtained to store quantities in excess of 1
tonne.
8. Exposure Controls / Personal Protection
For exposure limits see Section 2. Maintain airborne nickel and cobalt oxide levels as low as possible.
Do not inhale dust. Ventilation is normally required when handling or using this product to keep airborne
nickel oxide below the nationally authorized limits. If ventilation alone cannot control exposure, use
respirators nationally approved for the purpose.
Avoid repeated skin and eye contact. Wear goggles or face shield. Wear suitable protective clothing and
gloves. Wash skin thoroughly after handling and before eating, drinking or smoking. Launder clothing and
gloves as needed.
9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Black odourless powder.
Ingredient Mol. Wt.
NiO 74.71
Viscosity N/A
Melting point 1984oC
Boiling point N/A
Flash Point N/A
Autoflammability N/A
Explosive properties Not explosive
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Vapour pressure N/A
2.9 - 3.3 g/cm3 (6)
Bulk density
Particle size 98% > 0.15mm
Solubility cold water N/A
Solubility hot water N/A
Partition coefficient N/A
Magnetic properties Paramagnetic
10. Stability and Reactivity
Stable and non reactive.
INCO 11. Toxicological Information
Nickel Oxide
Material LD50 ORAL RAT > 5000 gm/kg
Inhalation: Evidence for the association of nickel compound exposures and cancer risk
comes mainly from workers in now obsolete nickel refining operations. The
Safety
studies of nickel workers suggest that respiratory cancer risks are primarily
related to exposure to relatively insoluble forms of nickel notably sulphidic
and oxidic nickel at concentrations greater than 10mg/m3. Toxic respiratory
effects in animals may be caused by reduced particle clearance capacity.
Data
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (ref. 4) in 1990 and
the U.S. Tenth Report on Carcinogens (ref. 5) in 2002 concluded there was
sufficient evidence that nickel compounds are carcinogenic to humans. The
Report of the International Committee on Nickel Carcinogenesis in Man
reported that workers who have been primarily exposed to nickel oxide
Sheet
showed some evidence of increased lung cancer.
The European Union Commission in 1991 classified nickel oxide and work
involving exposure to dusts, fumes and sprays produced during the roasting
and electrorefining of nickel-copper mattes as carcinogenic processes.
ACGIH has re-evaluated the data regarding the carcinogenicity of nickel and
nickel compounds and has classified nickel oxide as a confirmed human
carcinogen, Class A1.
There is some evidence that the inhalation of nickel oxide has resulted in an
increased incidence of malignant lung tumors in rats. Inhalation of nickel
oxide at concentrations 50 times the TLV, produced pneumoconiosis in
hamsters. Repeated intratracheal instillation of nickel oxide produced an
increased incidence of malignant lung tumors in rats.
Wounds: Nickel oxide has caused tumors at the site of injection in rodents.
Ingestion: The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
concluded there is no evidence that nickel and its inorganic compounds are
carcinogenic when ingested. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has
affirmed that nickel is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as a direct
human food ingredient.
Preexisting Conditions: Prolonged and intimate skin contact can cause an allergic skin rash in
previously sensitized individuals.
Reproductive Toxicity: There is no evidence of mutagenesis. Animal experiments indicate that
soluble nickel ingestion causes adverse effects on fetal development at a
threshold oral exposure of 2.2 mg/Ni/kg/day by pregnant rats. Data are
insufficient to determine if this effect occurs in humans and no regulatory
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agency has classified soluble forms of nickel as reproductive risks for
humans.
Cobalto-Cobaltic Oxide
LD 50oral rat: >5000 mg/kg
Inhalation: Causes irritation to the respiratory tract, symptoms may include coughing,
shortness of breath, and nausea. Respiratory hypersensitivity, asthma may
appear. Inhalation of cobalt dust and fumes is associated with an increased
incidence of lung disease.
INCO Ingestion: Causes abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, flushing of the face and ears, mild
hypotension, rash, and ringing in the ears. May have cumulative toxic action
where elimination cannot keep pace with absorption. Large amounts
depress erythrocyte production.
Material Skin Contact: May cause dermatitis. Causes irritation to skin. Symptoms include redness,
itching, and pain.
Eye Contact: Causes irritation, redness, and pain.
Safety Chronic Exposure: Repeated oral administration may produce goiter and reduced thyroid
activity. Prolonged or repeated skin exposure may cause dermatitis.
Chronic exposure associated with kidney, heart and lung damage.
Data Pre-existing Conditions: Persons with pre-existing skin disorders or eye problems, or impaired liver;
kidney or respiratory function may be more susceptible to the effects of the
substance. Persons with allergies or sensitivity to cobalt may also be more
susceptible to the effects of the substance.
Sheet 12. Ecological Information
The environmental classification has not been decided.
13. Disposal Considerations
Nickel-containing material is normally collected to recover nickel values. Should disposal be deemed
necessary follow local regulations.
14. Transport Information
International Maritime Dangerous Goods
Not regulated.
Code
International Civil Aviation Organization
Not regulated.
Technical Instructions for the Carriage of
Dangerous Goods by Air
U.S. Dept. of Transportation Regulations Not regulated.
Canadian Transportation of Dangerous
Not regulated.
Goods Act
European Agreement Concerning the
Not regulated.
International Carriage of Dangerous Goods
by Road
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15. Regulatory Information
Nickel oxide is classified as a Category 1 carcinogen "substances or processes known to be carcinogenic to
man" by the EU in Directive 67/548/EEC (Classification, Packaging and Labelling Directive) and in the UK in
the Chemicals Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply Regulations and as such it requires to be
labelled with the following risk and safety phrases.
Nickel Oxide
T; Toxic. Category 1 carcinogen.
May cause cancer by inhalation. R49
May cause sensitisation by skin contact. R43
INCO Avoid exposure, obtain special instructions before use. S53
In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical attention immediately. (Show label where possible.)
S45
Material Cobalt oxides are classified as skin sensitisers and as harmful by ingestion by the EU in Directive
67/548/EEC (Classification, Packaging and Labelling Directive) and in the UK in the Chemicals Hazard
Information and Packaging for Supply Regulations.
Safety
Xn; Harmful
May cause sensitisation by skin contact. R43
Harmful if swallowed. R22
Avoid contact with the skin. S24
Wear suitable gloves. S37
Data 16. Other Information
Medical staff should note that this data sheet has been lodged with the following Poisons Information Center:
National Poison Centre Phoneline : 44-0870 6006266
E- Mail : wnpu@compuserve.com
Sheet Fax : 44-02920 704357
17. Notes and Bibliography
INCO is the Trademark of the INCO family of companies.
Disclaimer: The information in this Data Sheet is provided in good faith and is accurate to INCO鈥檚 best
knowledge and belief but except as implied by law, no representation or warranty is given in relation to the
information and INCO accepts no liability.
1 T.R.K. is Technische Richtkonzentrationen as defined in the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, List of
MAK & BAT values. 1998
2 Threshold Limit Values of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. 1998
3 Maximum Exposure Limit of the Health and Safety Executive in the U.K. in EH40 1998.
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