CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 1 of 10
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
SYNONYMS
C5-H14-Cl-NO, "ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N, N, N-trimethyl-, chloride", "ethanaminium, 2
-hydroxy-N, N, N-trimethyl-, chloride", "ammonium, (2-hydroxyetthyl)trimethyl-,
chloride", "choline chlorhydrate", "choline hydrochloride", "cholinium chloride", "(2
-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium chloride"
PRODUCT USE
Dietary supplement (lipotropic factor). Choline functions as a methyl donor in metabolic
processes. Though choline is an essential factor in animal and human nutrition it is not
strictly a vitamin. Choline deficiency can be produced by limiting the intake of both
choline and protein together. Has been given in disorders believed to be associated with
cholinergic activity in the brain e.g. ataxia (loss of muscle co- ordination), Huntington'
s chorea, Alzheimer' s disease and tardive dyskinesia (characterised by continous chewing
movements).
SUPPLIER
Company: Quantum Chemicals Pty Ltd
Address:
70 Quantum Close
Quantum Industrial Park
Dandenong South VIC 3175
Australia
Telephone: 1300 782 688
Emergency Tel: 1300 131 001
Fax: 1300 782 699
HAZARD RATINGS
Flammability
Toxicity
Body Contact
Reactivity
Chronic
SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 2 of 10
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
NON-HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. NON-DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the Criteria of
NOHSC, and the ADG Code.
POISONS SCHEDULE
None
RISK SAFETY
Toxic to aquatic organisms. Do not breathe dust.
Ingestion may produce health damage*. Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
* (limited evidence).
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
choline chloride 67-48-1 >98
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
For advice, contact a Poisons Information Centre or a doctor.
路 If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting.
路 If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if
possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.
路 Immediately give a glass of water.
EYE
If this product comes in contact with the eyes:
路 Wash out immediately with fresh running water.
路 Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and
moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
路 If pain persists or recurs seek medical attention.
路 Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled
personnel.
SKIN
If skin contact occurs:
路 Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear.
路 Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
路 Seek medical attention in event of irritation.
INHALED
路 If dust is inhaled, remove from contaminated area.
路 Encourage patient to blow nose to ensure clear passage of breathing.
路 If irritation or discomfort persists seek medical attention.
路 If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area.
路 Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.
路 Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where
possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.
路 Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve
resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary.
路 Transport to hospital, or doctor, without delay.
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 3 of 10
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
For exposures to quaternary ammonium compounds;
路 For ingestion of concentrated solutions (10% or higher): Swallow promptly a large
quantity of milk, egg whites / gelatin solution. If not readily available, a slurry of
activated charcoal may be useful. Avoid alcohol. Because of probable mucosal damage omit
gastric lavage and emetic drugs.
路 For dilute solutions (2% or less): If little or no emesis appears spontaneously,
administer syrup of Ipecac or perform gastric lavage.
路 If hypotension becomes severe, institute measures against circulatory shock.
路 If respiration laboured, administer oxygen and support breathing mechanically.
Oropharyngeal airway may be inserted in absence of gag reflex. Epiglottic or laryngeal
edema may necessitate a tracheotomy.
路 Persistent convulsions may be controlled by cautious intravenous injection of diazepam
or short-acting barbiturate drugs. [Gosselin et al, Clinical Toxicology of Commercial
Products].
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
路 Water spray or fog.
路 Foam.
路 Dry chemical powder.
路 BCF (where regulations permit).
路 Carbon dioxide.
FIRE FIGHTING
路 Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
路 Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
路 Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water courses.
路 Use fire fighting procedures suitable for surrounding area.
路 DO NOT approach containers suspected to be hot.
路 Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
路 If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
路 Equipment should be thoroughly decontaminated after use.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
路 Solid which exhibits difficult combustion or is difficult to ignite.
路 Avoid generating dust, particularly clouds of dust in a confined or unventilated space
as dusts may form an explosive mixture with air, and any source of ignition, i.e.
flame or spark, will cause fire or explosion. Dust clouds generated by the fine
grinding of the solid are a particular hazard; accumulations of fine dust may burn
rapidly and fiercely if ignited.
路 Dry dust can also be charged electrostatically by turbulence, pneumatic transport,
pouring, in exhaust ducts and during transport.
路 Build-up of electrostatic charge may be prevented by bonding and grounding.
路 Powder handling equipment such as dust collectors, dryers and mills may require
additional protection measures such as explosion venting.
路 All movable parts coming in contact with this material should have a speed of less than
1-metre/sec.
Combustion products include: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and hydrogen
chloride.
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid contamination with oxidising agents i.e. nitrates, oxidising acids, chlorine
bleaches, pool chlorine etc. as ignition may result.
HAZCHEM: None
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 4 of 10
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
路 Clean up all spills immediately.
路 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
路 Wear impervious gloves and safety glasses.
路 Use dry clean up procedures and avoid generating dust.
路 Sweep up or
路 Vacuum up (consider explosion-proof machines designed to be grounded during storage and
use).
路 Place spilled material in clean, dry, sealable, labelled container.
MAJOR SPILLS
路 Clear area of personnel and move upwind.
路 Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
路 Control personal contact by using protective equipment and dust respirator.
路 Prevent spillage from entering drains, sewers or water courses.
路 Avoid generating dust.
路 Sweep, shovel up. Recover product wherever possible.
路 Put residues in labelled plastic bags or other containers for disposal.
路 If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise emergency services.
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
路 Avoid generating and breathing dust
路 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
路 Wear nominated personal protective equipment when handling.
路 Use in a well-ventilated area.
路 Use good occupational work practices.
路 Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
SUITABLE CONTAINER
Packaging as recommended by manufacturer.
路 Check that containers are clearly labelled.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid reaction with oxidising agents.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
Store in a cool area and away from sunlight.
路 Store in original containers.
路 Keep containers securely sealed.
路 Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
路 Store away from incompatible materials and foodstuff containers.
路 Protect containers against physical damage and check regularly for leaks.
路 Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
_____________________________________________________
SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS
+ + + + + +
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 5 of 10
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
_____________________________________________________
+: May be stored together
O: May be stored together with specific preventions
X: Must not be stored together
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
The following materials had no OELs on our records
鈥? choline chloride: CAS:67- 48- 1
MATERIAL DATA
CEL TWA: 0.04 mg/m3 [Russian OEL STEL: 0.2 mg/m3]
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
No special equipment for minor exposure i.e. when handling small quantities.
路 OTHERWISE:
路 Safety glasses with side shields.
路 Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and
concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of lens or
restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This should include a
review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of chemicals in use and an account
of injury experience. Medical and first-aid personnel should be trained in their removal
and suitable equipment should be readily available. In the event of chemical exposure,
begin eye irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens
should be removed at the first signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be
removed in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59].
HANDS/FEET
No special equipment needed when handling small quantities.
OTHERWISE: Wear general protective gloves, eg. light weight rubber gloves.
OTHER
No special equipment needed when handling small quantities.
OTHERWISE:
路 Overalls.
路 Barrier cream.
路 Eyewash unit.
RESPIRATOR
Protection Factor Half- Face Respirator Full- Face Respirator Powered Air Respirator
10 x ES P1 Air- line* -- PAPR- P1 -
50 x ES Air- line** P2 PAPR- P2
100 x ES - P3 -
Air- line* -
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 6 of 10
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
100+ x ES - Air- line** PAPR- P3
* - Negative pressure demand ** - Continuous flow.
The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of
personal protective equipment required.
For further information consult site specific
CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your
Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Enclosed local exhaust ventilation is required at points of dust, fume or vapour
generation.
HEPA terminated local exhaust ventilation should be considered at point of generation of
dust, fumes or vapours.
Barrier protection or laminar flow cabinets should be considered for laboratory scale
handling.
When handling quantities up to 500 gram in either a standard laboratory with general
dilution ventilation (e.g. 6-12 air changes per hour) is preferred. Quantities up to 1
kilogram may require a designated laboratory using fume hood, biological safety cabinet,
or approved vented enclosures. Quantities exceeding 1 kilogram should be handled in a
designated laboratory or containment laboratory using appropriate barrier/ containment
technology.
Manufacturing and pilot plant operations require barrier/ containment and direct coupling
technologies.
Barrier/ containment technology and direct coupling (totally enclosed processes that
create a barrier between the equipment and the room) typically use double or split
butterfly valves and hybrid unidirectional airflow/ local exhaust ventilation solutions
(e.g. powder containment booths). Glove bags, isolator glove box systems are optional.
HEPA filtration of exhaust from dry product handling areas is required.
Fume-hoods and other open-face containment devices are acceptable when face velocities of
at least 1 m/s (200 feet/minute) are achieved. Partitions, barriers, and other partial
containment technologies are required to prevent migration of the material to
uncontrolled areas. For non-routine emergencies maximum local and general exhaust are
necessary. Air contaminants generated in the workplace possess varying "escape"
velocities which, in turn, determine the "capture velocities" of fresh circulating air
required to effectively remove the contaminant.
Type of Contaminant: Air Speed:
solvent, vapours, etc. evaporating from tank (in 0.25- 0.5 m/s (50- 100 f/min.)
still air)
aerosols, fumes from pouring operations, 0.5- 1 m/s (100- 200 f/min.)
intermittent container filling, low speed
conveyer transfers (released at low velocity
into zone of active generation)
direct spray, drum filling, conveyer loading, 1- 2.5 m/s (200- 500 f/min.)
crusher dusts, gas discharge (active generation
into zone of rapid air motion)
Within each range the appropriate value depends on:
Lower end of the range Upper end of the range
1: Room air currents minimal or favourable to 1: Disturbing room air currents
capture
2: Contaminants of low toxicity or of nuisance 2: Contaminants of high toxicity
value only.
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 7 of 10
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
3: Intermittent, low production. 3: High production, heavy use
4: Large hood or large air mass in motion 4: Small hood- local control only
Simple theory shows that air velocity falls rapidly with distance away from the opening
of a simple extraction pipe. Velocity generally decreases with the square of distance
from the extraction point (in simple cases). Therefore the air speed at the extraction
point should be adjusted, accordingly, after reference to distance from the contaminating
source. The air velocity at the extraction fan, for example, should be a minimum of 1-2.5
m/s (200-500 f/min.) for extraction of gases discharged 2 meters distant from the
extraction point. Other mechanical considerations, producing performance deficits within
the extraction apparatus, make it essential that theoretical air velocities are
multiplied by factors of 10 or more when extraction systems are installed or used.
The need for respiratory protection should also be assessed where incidental or
accidental exposure is anticipated: Dependent on levels of contamination, PAPR, full face
air purifying devices with P2 or P3 filters or air supplied respirators should be
evaluated.
The following protective devices are recommended where exposures exceed the recommended
exposure control guidelines by factors of:
10; high efficiency particulate (HEPA) filters or cartridges
10-25; loose-fitting (Tyvek or helmet type) HEPA powered-air purifying respirator.
25-50; a full face-piece negative pressure respirator with HEPA filters
50-100; tight-fitting, full face-piece HEPA PAPR
100-1000; a hood-shroud HEPA PAPR or full face-piece supplied air respirator operated in
pressure demand or other positive pressure mode.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
White, hygroscopic, crystalline powder; mixes with water and alcohol.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Solid.
Mixes with water.
Molecular Weight: 139.6 Boiling Range (掳C): Not available.
Melting Range (掳C): 303- 305 (decomp) Specific Gravity (water=1): Not available.
Solubility in water (g/L): Miscible pH (as supplied): Not applicable
pH (1% solution): 5- 6 (10%) Vapour Pressure (kPa): Not applicable.
Volatile Component (%vol): Not applicable. Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): Not applicable Flash Point (掳C): Not applicable
Lower Explosive Limit (%): Not available. Upper Explosive Limit (%): Not available.
Autoignition Temp (掳C): Not available. Decomposition Temp (掳C): 303
State: Divided solid
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
路 Presence of incompatible materials.
路 Product is considered stable.
路 Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 8 of 10
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
The material is moderately discomforting to the gastro-intestinal tract and may be
harmful if swallowed in large quantity.
Concentrated solutions of many cationics may cause corrosive damage to mucous membranes
and the oesophagus. Nausea and vomiting (sometimes bloody) may follow ingestion. Serious
exposures may produce an immediate burning sensation of the mouth, throat and abdomen
with profuse salivation, ulceration of mucous membranes, signs of circulatory shock
(hypotension, laboured breathing, and cyanosis) and a feeling of apprehension,
restlessness, confusion and weakness. Weak convulsive movements may precede central
nervous system depression. Erosion, ulceration, and petechial haemorrhage may occur
through the small intestine with glottic, brain and pulmonary oedema. Death may result
from asphyxiation due to paralysis of the muscles of respiration or cardiovascular
collapse. Fatal poisoning may arise even when the only pathological signs are visceral
congestion, swallowing, mild pulmonary oedema or varying signs of gastrointestinal
irritation. Individuals who survive a period of severe hypertension may develop kidney
failure. Cloudy swelling, patchy necrosis and fatty infiltration in such visceral organs
as the heart, liver and kidneys shows at death.
EYE
The dust may produce eye discomfort causing smarting, pain and redness.
SKIN
The material may be. slightly discomforting to the skin from repeated exposures over long
periods.
INHALED
The dust may be discomforting to the upper respiratory tract.
Persons with impaired respiratory function, airway diseases and conditions such as
emphysema or chronic bronchitis, may incur further disability if excessive concentrations
of particulate are inhaled.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
Principal routes of exposure are by accidental skin and eye contact and inhalation of
generated dusts.
No human exposure data available. For this reason health effects described are based on
experience with chemically related materials.
As with any chemical product, contact with unprotected bare skin; inhalation of vapour,
mist or dust in work place atmosphere; or ingestion in any form, should be avoided by
observing good occupational work practice.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (rat) LD50: 3400 mg/kg Nil Reported
Intraperitoneal (mouse) LD50: 320 mg/kg
Intravenous (mouse) LD50: 53 mg/kg
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 9 of 10
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Cationic substances, and their polymers and those polymers that are reasonably
anticipated to become cationic in the natural aquatic environment (pH range 4-9) may be
environmental hazards.
Exempt from this concern are those polymers to be used only in solid phase, such as ion
-exchange resins, and where the FGEW (Functional Group Equivalent Weight) of cationic
groups is not 5000 and above.
Cationic groups such as alkylsulfoniums, alkylphosphoniums and quaternary ammonium
polymers are highly toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms. Similarly potentially
cationic groups such as amines and isocyanates are of concern. Some cationics, however,
may fall into the category of PLCs (polymers of low concern) provided they possess low
charge density, and/or are not water-soluble or are not self-dispersing polycarboxylates
or poly- (aromatic or aliphatic) sulfonate polymers.
The toxicity of quaternary ammonium compounds is known to be greatly reduced in the
environment because of preferential binding to dissolved organics in surface water.
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
路 Recycle wherever possible. Special hazard may exist - specialist advice may be
required.
路 Consult manufacturer for recycling options.
路 Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.
路 Bury or incinerate residue at an approved site.
路 Decontaminate empty containers. Observe all label safeguards until containers are
cleaned and destroyed.
路 Puncture containers to prevent re-use and bury at an authorised landfill.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
HAZCHEM: None
NOT REGULATED FOR TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS:UN, IATA,
IMDG
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE: None
REGULATIONS
choline chloride (CAS: 67-48-1) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - Australian Capital Territory - Environment Protection Regulation: Ambient environmental standards (Domestic water supply - inorganic chemicals)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory - Environment Protection Regulation: Pollutants entering waterways taken to cause environmental harm (IRRIG)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory Environment Protection Regulation Pollutants entering waterways - Agricultural uses (Stock)
Australia - Australian Capital Territory Environment Protection Regulation Pollutants entering waterways - Domestic water quality
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
CODEX General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA) - Additives Permitted for Use in Food in General, Unless Otherwise Specified, in Accordance with GMP
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Noxious Liquid Substances Carried in Bulk
International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume List
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality - Chemicals for which guideline values have not been established
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
For Workplace - Small Volume Use Only. CHEMWATCH 49932-1
Issue Date: 12-May-2005 Version No:2.0
NC317TLP CD 2007/3 Page 10 of 10
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
Classification of the preparation and its individual components has drawn on official and
authoritative sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification
committee using available literature references.
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or
criticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission
from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.
Issue Date: 12-May-2005
Print Date: 17-Dec-2007
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