DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 1 of 10
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
SYNONYMS
C24-H38-O4, plasticiser
PRODUCT USE
Used as a plasticizer for resins, elastomers, vinyl products, films for packaging,
containers and electrical cables. High purity grades used as electrical insulating
(dielectric) fluid. Approved for use in PVC compound intended for food contact use (AS
2070).
SUPPLIER
Company: Quantum Chemicals Pty Ltd
Address:
70 Quantum Close
Dandenong South
Victoria 3175
Telephone: 03 8795 8000
Emergency Tel: 1300 131 001
Fax: 03 8795 8099
HAZARD RATINGS
Flammability
Toxicity
Body Contact
Reactivity
Chronic
SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
NON-HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. NON-DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the Criteria of
NOHSC, and the ADG Code.
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 2 of 10
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
POISONS SCHEDULE
None
RISK SAFETY
Ingestion may produce health damage*. Do not breathe gas/ fumes/ vapour/ spray.
Cumulative effects may result following Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions
exposure*. before use.
May produce discomfort of the eyes and skin*. Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect*. In case of contact with eyes rinse with plenty
of water and contact Doctor or Poisons
Information Centre.
May possibly affect fertility*.
* (limited evidence).
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
dioctyl phthalate Not avail. >98
being a mixture of isomers as
di- n- octyl phthalate 117-84-0
di- sec- octyl phthalate 117-81-7 ^
diisooctyl phthalate 27554-26-3 ^
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
路 If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting.
路 If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if
possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.
路 Observe the patient carefully.
路 Never give liquid to a person showing signs of being sleepy or with reduced awareness;
i.e. becoming unconscious.
路 Give water to rinse out mouth, then provide liquid slowly and as much as casualty can
comfortably drink.
路 Seek medical advice.
EYE
If this product comes in contact with the eyes:
路 Wash out immediately with fresh running water.
路 Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and
moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
路 If pain persists or recurs seek medical attention.
路 Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled
personnel.
SKIN
If skin contact occurs:
路 Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear.
路 Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
路 Seek medical attention in event of irritation.
INHALED
路 If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area.
路 Other measures are usually unnecessary.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
Treat symptomatically.
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 3 of 10
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
路 Foam.
路 Dry chemical powder.
路 BCF (where regulations permit).
路 Carbon dioxide.
路 Water spray or fog - Large fires only.
FIRE FIGHTING
路 Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
路 Wear full body protective clothing with breathing apparatus.
路 Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water course.
路 Use water delivered as a fine spray to control fire and cool adjacent area.
路 Avoid spraying water onto liquid pools.
路 DO NOT approach containers suspected to be hot.
路 Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
路 If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
路 Combustible.
路 Slight fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.
路 Heating may cause expansion or decomposition leading to violent rupture of containers.
路 On combustion, may emit toxic fumes of carbon monoxide (CO).
路 May emit acrid smoke.
路 Mists containing combustible materials may be explosive.
Combustion products include: carbon dioxide (CO2), other pyrolysis products typical of
burning organic material.
May emit poisonous fumes.
May emit corrosive fumes.
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid contamination with oxidising agents i.e. nitrates, oxidising acids, chlorine
bleaches, pool chlorine etc. as ignition may result.
HAZCHEM: None
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
Environmental hazard - contain spillage.
路 Remove all ignition sources.
路 Clean up all spills immediately.
路 Avoid breathing vapours and contact with skin and eyes.
路 Control personal contact by using protective equipment.
路 Contain and absorb spill with sand, earth, inert material or vermiculite.
路 Wipe up.
路 Place in a suitable labelled container for waste disposal.
MAJOR SPILLS
Environmental hazard - contain spillage.
Moderate hazard.
路 Clear area of personnel and move upwind.
路 Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
路 Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.
路 Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water course.
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 4 of 10
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
路 No smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
路 Increase ventilation.
路 Stop leak if safe to do so.
路 Contain spill with sand, earth or vermiculite.
路 Collect recoverable product into labelled containers for recycling.
路 Absorb remaining product with sand, earth or vermiculite.
路 Collect solid residues and seal in labelled drums for disposal.
路 Wash area and prevent runoff into drains.
路 If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise emergency services.
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
DO NOT allow clothing wet with material to stay in contact with skin.
路 Avoid all personal contact, including inhalation.
路 Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.
路 Use in a well-ventilated area.
路 Prevent concentration in hollows and sumps.
路 DO NOT enter confined spaces until atmosphere has been checked.
路 Avoid smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
路 Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
路 When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
路 Keep containers securely sealed when not in use.
路 Avoid physical damage to containers.
路 Always wash hands with soap and water after handling.
路 Work clothes should be laundered separately.
路 Use good occupational work practice.
路 Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
路 Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards to
ensure safe working conditions.
SUITABLE CONTAINER
路 Metal can or drum
路 Packaging as recommended by manufacturer.
路 Check all containers are clearly labelled and free from leaks.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid reaction with oxidising agents.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
路 Store in original containers.
路 Keep containers securely sealed.
路 No smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.
路 Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
路 Store away from incompatible materials and foodstuff containers.
路 Protect containers against physical damage and check regularly for leaks.
路 Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
_____________________________________________________
SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS
+ + + + + +
_____________________________________________________
+: May be stored together
O: May be stored together with specific preventions
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 5 of 10
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
X: Must not be stored together
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
The following materials had no OELs on our records
鈥? di- n- octyl phthalate: CAS:117- 84- 0
MATERIAL DATA
None assigned. Refer to individual constituents.
INGREDIENT DATA
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE:
No exposure limits set by NOHSC or ACGIH.
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
路 Safety glasses with side shields.
路 Chemical goggles.
路 Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and
concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of lens or
restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This should include a
review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of chemicals in use and an account
of injury experience. Medical and first-aid personnel should be trained in their removal
and suitable equipment should be readily available. In the event of chemical exposure,
begin eye irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens
should be removed at the first signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be
removed in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59].
HANDS/FEET
Suitability and durability of glove type is dependent on usage. Factors such as:
路 frequency and duration of contact,
路 chemical resistance of glove material,
路 glove thickness and
路 dexterity,
are important in the selection of gloves.
Neoprene rubber gloves.
Wear chemical protective gloves, eg. PVC.
Wear safety footwear or safety gumboots, eg. Rubber.
#76a-p()
OTHER
路 Overalls.
路 P.V.C. apron.
路 Barrier cream.
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 6 of 10
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
路 Skin cleansing cream.
路 Eye wash unit.
RESPIRATOR
Selection of the Class and Type of respirator will depend upon the level of breathing
zone contaminant and the chemical nature of the contaminant. Protection Factors (defined
as the ratio of contaminant outside and inside the mask) may also be important.
Breathing Zone Level Maximum Protection Half- face Respirator Full- Face Respirator
ppm (volume) Factor
1000 10 A- AUS P -
1000 50 - A- AUS P
5000 50 Airline * -
5000 100 - A- 2 P
10000 100 - A- 3 P
100+ Airline**
* - Continuous Flow ** - Continuous-flow or positive pressure demand.
The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of
personal protective equipment required.
For further information consult site specific
CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your
Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
General exhaust is adequate under normal operating conditions. Local exhaust ventilation
may be required in specific circumstances. If risk of overexposure exists, wear approved
respirator. Correct fit is essential to obtain adequate protection. Provide adequate
ventilation in warehouse or closed storage areas. Air contaminants generated in the
workplace possess varying "escape" velocities which, in turn, determine the "capture
velocities" of fresh circulating air required to effectively remove the contaminant.
Type of Contaminant: Air Speed:
solvent, vapours, degreasing etc., evaporating 0.25- 0.5 m/s (50- 100 f/min)
from tank (in still air).
aerosols, fumes from pouring operations, 0.5- 1 m/s (100- 200 f/min.)
intermittent container filling, low speed
conveyer transfers, welding, spray drift,
plating acid fumes, pickling (released at low
velocity into zone of active generation)
direct spray, spray painting in shallow booths, 1- 2.5 m/s (200- 500 f/min.)
drum filling, conveyer loading, crusher dusts,
gas discharge (active generation into zone of
rapid air motion)
grinding, abrasive blasting, tumbling, high 2.5- 10 m/s (500- 2000 f/min.)
speed wheel generated dusts (released at high
initial velocity into zone of very high rapid
air motion).
Within each range the appropriate value depends on:
Lower end of the range Upper end of the range
1: Room air currents minimal or favourable to 1: Disturbing room air currents
capture
2: Contaminants of low toxicity or of nuisance 2: Contaminants of high toxicity
value only.
3: Intermittent, low production. 3: High production, heavy use
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 7 of 10
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
4: Large hood or large air mass in motion 4: Small hood- local control only
Simple theory shows that air velocity falls rapidly with distance away from the opening
of a simple extraction pipe. Velocity generally decreases with the square of distance
from the extraction point (in simple cases). Therefore the air speed at the extraction
point should be adjusted, accordingly, after reference to distance from the contaminating
source. The air velocity at the extraction fan, for example, should be a minimum of 1-2
m/s (200-400 f/min) for extraction of solvents generated in a tank 2 meters distant from
the extraction point. Other mechanical considerations, producing performance deficits
within the extraction apparatus, make it essential that theoretical air velocities are
multiplied by factors of 10 or more when extraction systems are installed or used.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
Light- coloured, almost odourless, oily combustible liquid; does not mix with water. Mixes
with mineral oil and most organic solvents. Note: DOP is sometimes applied to the more
readily available DIOP, the latter being better shown as DEHP.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Liquid.
Does not mix with water.
Floats on water.
Molecular Weight: 390.54 Boiling Range (掳C): 385 approx.
Melting Range (掳C): - 46 " Specific Gravity (water=1): 0.99 @ 20 C
Solubility in water (g/L): Immiscible pH (as supplied): Not applicable
pH (1% solution): Not applicable. Vapour Pressure (kPa): 0.18 @ 200 C
Volatile Component (%vol): Nil @ 38 C. Evaporation Rate: Very Slow
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): 13.45 Flash Point (掳C): 218
Lower Explosive Limit (%): 0.3 Upper Explosive Limit (%): 4.0
Autoignition Temp (掳C): 390 Decomposition Temp (掳C): Not available.
State: Liquid Viscosity: Not Available
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
路 Presence of incompatible materials.
路 Product is considered stable.
路 Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
Accidental ingestion of the material may be damaging to the health of the individual.
EYE
There is some evidence to suggest that this material can cause eye irritation and damage
in some persons.
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 8 of 10
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
SKIN
There is some evidence to suggest that the material may cause mild but significant
inflammation of the skin either following direct contact or after a delay of some time.
Repeated exposure can cause contact dermatitis which is characterised by redness,
swelling and blistering.
Skin contact is not thought to have harmful health effects (as classified under EC
Directives); the material may still produce health damage following entry through wounds,
lesions or abrasions.
Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may
produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the
material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected.
INHALED
Inhalation hazard is increased at higher temperatures.
The material is not thought to produce either adverse health effects or irritation of the
respiratory tract following inhalation (as classified by EC Directives using animal
models). Nevertheless, adverse systemic effects have been produced following exposure of
animals by at least one other route and good hygiene practice requires that exposure be
kept to a minimum and that suitable control measures be used in an occupational setting.
Not normally a hazard due to non-volatile nature of product.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
Substance accumulation, in the human body, may occur and may cause some concern following
repeated or long-term occupational exposure.
There has been some concern that this material can cause cancer or mutations but there is
not enough data to make an assessment.
Based on experience with similar materials, there is a possibility that exposure to the
material may reduce fertility in humans at levels which do not cause other toxic effects.
Exposure to phthalates over years leads to pain, numbness and spasms in the hands and
feet. Many people have developed multiple disorders in the nervous system and the
balancing system. Levels of sex hormones are reduced in women, leading to missed
ovulations and miscarriages. They also reduce sperm counts and fertility in men. They
mimic certain sex hormones and can damage the foetus. Phthalates are found in paints,
inks and glues.
The material may produce peroxisome proliferation. Peroxisomes are single, membrane
limited organelles in the cytoplasm that are found in the cells of animals, plants, fungi
, and protozoa. Proxisome proliferators include certain hypolipidaemic drugs, phthalate
ester plasticisers, industrial solvents, herbicides, food flavours, leukotriene D4
antagonists and hormones. Animal studies have shown that peroxisome proliferators clearly
cause cancer, especially of the liver.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may
produce on contact skin redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling and
thickening of the skin.
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE:
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Oral (rat) LD50: 47000 mg/kg Skin (rabbit): 500 mg/24h - Mild
Intraperitoneal (rat) LD50: >50ml/kg Eye (rabbit): 20 mg - SEVERE
Oral (mouse) LD50: 6513 mg/kg Eye (rabbit): 500 mg/24h - Mild
Intraperitoneal (mouse) LD50: 65000 mg/kg
Dermal (guinea pig) LD50: >5000 mg/kg
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 9 of 10
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
The phthalate esters are distributed throughout the environment ubiquitously. They are
found complexed with fulvic acid components of the humic substances in soil and marine
and estuarine waters. Fulvic acid appears to act as a solubiliser for the otherwise
insoluble ester and serves to mediate its transport and mobilisation in water or
immobilisation in soil. Phthalate esters have been found in open ocean environments, in
deep sea jelly fish, Atlantic herring and in mackerel. Phthalic ester plasticisers are
clearly recognised as general contaminants of almost every soil and water ecosystem. In
general they have low acute toxicity but the weight of evidence supporting their
carcinogenicity is substantial. Other subtle chronic effects have also been reported. As
little as 4 ug/ml in culture medium is lethal to chick embryo heart cells. This
concentration is similar to that reached in human blood stored in vinyl plastic bags for
as little as one day. Some phthalates (notably di2-ethylhexyl phthalate and dibutyl
phthalate) may also be detrimental to the reproduction of the water flea (Daphnia magna),
zebra fish and guppies. As phthalates are present in drinking water and food, concerns
have been raised about their long term effects on humans.
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
Refer to data for ingredients, which follows:
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE:
Fish LC50 (96hr.) (mg/l): 26.53- 469
Daphnia magna EC50 (48hr.) (mg/l): 18.26- 1551
Half- life Soil - High (hours): 672
Half- life Soil - Low (hours): 168
Half- life Air - High (hours): 44.8
Half- life Air - Low (hours): 4.5
Half- life Surface water - High (hours): 672
Half- life Surface water - Low (hours): 168
Half- life Ground water - High (hours): 8760
Half- life Ground water - Low (hours): 336
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - High (hours): 672
Aqueous biodegradation - Aerobic - Low (hours): 168
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - High (hours): 8750
Aqueous biodegradation - Anaerobic - Low (hours): 4320
Aqueous biodegradation - Removal secondary treatment - High (hours): 68.80%
Photolysis maximum light absorption - High (nano- m): 274.5
Photolysis maximum light absorption - Low (nano- m): 223
Photooxidation half- life air - High (hours): 44.8
Photooxidation half- life air - Low (hours): 4.5
First order hydrolysis half- life (hours): 107 YRS
Base rate constant [MOH)- HR]- 1: 7.4
log Kow: 5.11
BCF: 183-53890
Adverse effects on organisms are likely in areas with highly contaminated
water and sediments which are near to point emission sources.
Bioaccumulation: Fish (Gambusia affinis): after 33 days in model
ecosystem, the water contained 0.00034 ppm, the fish contained 0.044 ppm,
bioaccumulation factor: x130.
The phthalate esters are distributed throughout the environment ubiquitously. They are
found complexed with fulvic acid components of the humic substances in soil and marine
and estuarine waters. Fulvic acid appears to act as a solubiliser for the otherwise
insoluble ester and serves to mediate its transport and mobilisation in water or
immobilisation in soil. Phthalate esters have been found in open ocean environments, in
deep sea jelly fish, Atlantic herring and in mackerel. Phthalic ester plasticisers are
clearly recognised as general contaminants of almost every soil and water ecosystem. In
general they have low acute toxicity but the weight of evidence supporting their
carcinogenicity is substantial. Other subtle chronic effects have also been reported. As
little as 4 ug/ml in culture medium is lethal to chick embryo heart cells. This
concentration is similar to that reached in human blood stored in vinyl plastic bags for
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006 CHEMWATCH 86900
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 10 of 10
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
as little as one day. Some phthalates (notably di2-ethylhexyl phthalate and dibutyl
phthalate) may also be detrimental to the reproduction of the water flea (Daphnia magna),
zebra fish and guppies. As phthalates are present in drinking water and food, concerns
have been raised about their long term effects on humans.
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
路 Recycle wherever possible or consult manufacturer for recycling options.
路 Consult State Land Waste Authority for disposal.
路 Bury or incinerate residue at an approved site.
路 Recycle containers if possible, or dispose of in an authorised landfill.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
HAZCHEM: None
NOT REGULATED FOR TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS:UN, IATA,
IMDG
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE: None
REGULATIONS
dioctyl phthalate (CAS:Not avail):
No regulations applicable
di-n-octyl phthalate (CAS: 117-84-0) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Other Liquid Substances
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
OSPAR List of Substances of Possible Concern
No data available for dioctyl phthalate as CAS: Not avail.
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
INGREDIENTS WITH MULTIPLE CAS NUMBERS
Ingredient Name CAS
diisooctyl phthalate 27554- 26- 3, 1330- 91- 2
Classification of the preparation and its individual components has drawn on official and
authoritative sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification
committee using available literature references.
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or
criticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission
from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.
Issue Date: 24-Jul-2006
Print Date: 19-Dec-2007
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