HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 1 of 13
Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
SYNONYMS
HF, "concentrated hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution", "hydrogen fluoride", "fluohydric
acid", "fluoric acid"
PROPER SHIPPING NAME
HYDROFLUORIC ACID, with more than 60% hydrogen fluoride
HYDROFLUORIC ACID, with not more than 60% hydrogen fluoride
PRODUCT USE
DANGEROUS POISON. Component of cleaners for aluminium, cast iron, copper, brass. Chemical
milling of titanium alloys; frosting and etching of glass. Decomposition of cellulose;
increasing porosity of ceramics.
SUPPLIER
Company: Quantum Chemicals Pty Ltd
Address:
70 Quantum Close
Dandenong South
Victoria 3175
Telephone: 03 8795 8000
Emergency Tel: 1300 131 001
Fax: 03 8795 8099
HAZARD RATINGS
Flammability
Toxicity
Body Contact
Reactivity
Chronic
SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 2 of 13
Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. DANGEROUS GOODS. According to the Criteria of NOHSC,
and the ADG Code.
POISONS SCHEDULE
AS7 NZS2
RISK SAFETY
Very toxic by inhalation in contact with skin Keep locked up.
and if swallowed.
Causes severe burns. Do not breathe gas/ fumes/ vapour/ spray.
Risk of serious damage to eyes. Avoid contact with eyes.
Cumulative effects may result following Wear suitable protective clothing.
exposure*.
* (limited evidence). In case of insufficient ventilation wear
suitable respiratory equipment.
To clean the floor and all objects contaminated
by this material use water.
Keep container tightly closed.
This material and its container must be disposed
of in a safe way.
Keep away from food drink and animal feeding
stuffs.
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
In case of accident or if you feel unwell
IMMEDIATELY contact Doctor or Poisons
Information Centre (show label if possible).
This material and its container must be disposed
of as hazardous waste.
In case of accident by inhalation: remove
casualty to fresh air and keep at rest.
Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
NAME CAS RN %
hydrogen fluoride 7664-39-3 > 60^
water 7732-18-5 < 40
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
SWALLOWED
DO NOT delay.
Rinse mouth out with plenty of water.
Transport to hospital or doctor and seek immediate medical attention.
DO NOT INDUCE vomiting.
If patient is conscious, give six calcium gluconate or calcium carbonate tablets
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 3 of 13
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
dissolved in water, by mouth.
EYE
DO NOT delay.
If this product or its vapours come in contact with the eyes,
路 DO NOT DELAY: Immediately irrigate continuously by holding the eyelids apart and
washing with fresh running water.
路 Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and
moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids
路 Continue flushing until advised to stop by the Poisons Information Centre or a doctor,
or for at least 15 minutes.
路 Transport to hospital, eye clinic or eye specialist, ophthalmologist without delay.
SKIN
DO NOT delay.
If there is evidence of severe skin irritation or skin burns:
路 Avoid further contact. Immediately remove contaminated clothing, including footwear.
路 Flush skin under running water for 15 minutes.
路 Avoiding contamination of the hands, massage calcium gluconate gel into affected areas,
pay particular attention to creases in skin.
路 Contact the Poisons Information Centre.
路 Continue gel application for at least 15 minutes after burning sensation ceases.
路 If pain recurs, repeat application of calcium gluconate gel or apply every 20 minutes.
路 If no gel is available, continue washing for at least 15 minutes, using soap if
available. If patient is conscious, give six calcium gluconate or calcium carbonate
tablets in water by mouth.
路 Transport to hospital, or doctor, urgently.
INHALED
For massive exposures:
路 If dusts, vapours, aerosols, fumes or combustion products are inhaled, remove from
contaminated area.
路 Lay patient down.
路 Keep warm and rested.
路 Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where
possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.
路 Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve
resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary.
路 If victim is conscious, give six calcium gluconate or calcium carbonate tablets in
water by mouth.
路 Transport to hospital, or doctor, urgently.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN
Following acute or short term repeated exposure to hydrofluoric acid:
路 Subcutaneous injections of Calcium Gluconate may be necessary around the burnt area.
Continued application of Calcium Gluconate Gel or subcutaneous Calcium Gluconate should
then continue for 3-4 days at a frequency of 4-6 times per day. If a "burning" sensation
recurs, apply more frequently.
路 Systemic effects of extensive hydrofluoric acid burns include renal damage,
hypocalcaemia and consequent cardiac arrhythmias. Monitor haematological, respiratory,
renal, cardiac and electrolyte status at least daily. Tests should include FBE, blood
gases, chest X-ray, creatinine and electrolytes, urine output, Ca ions, Mg ions and
phosphate ions. Continuous ECG monitoring may be required.
路 Where serum calcium is low, or clinical, or ECG signs of hypocalcaemia develop,
infusions of calcium gluconate, or if less serious, oral Sandocal, should be given.
Hydrocortisone 500 mg in a four to six hourly infusion may help.
路 Antibiotics should not be given as a routine, but only when indicated.
路 Eye contact pain may be excruciating and 2-3 drops of 0.05% pentocaine hydrochloride
may be instilled, followed by further irrigation
BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEX - BEI
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
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Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
These represent the determinants observed in specimens collected from a healthy worker
exposed at the Exposure Standard (ES or TLV):
Determinant Index Sampling Time Comments
1. Methaemoglobin in 1.5% of haemoglobin During or end of shift B, NS, SQ
blood
B: Background levels occur in specimens collected from subjects NOT exposed.
NS: Non-specific determinant; Also seen after exposure to other materials
SQ: Semi-quantitative determinant - Interpretation may be ambiguous; should be used as a
screening test or confirmatory test.
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
DO NOT use water.
Dry agent. i.e Dry chemical powder.
Foam.
FIRE FIGHTING
Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
路 May be violently or explosively reactive.
路 Wear full body protective clothing with breathing apparatus.
路 Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water course.
路 Consider evacuation (or protect in place).
Use fire fighting procedures suitable for surrounding area.
Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
DO NOT approach containers suspected to be hot.
If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
Avoid spraying water onto liquid pools.
Equipment should be thoroughly decontaminated after use.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD
Will not burn, but heat produces highly toxic fumes/vapours.
Reacts with metals producing flammable / explosive hydrogen gas.
If involved in fire emits toxic fumes of. highly discomforting hydrogen fluoride.
FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid any contamination of this material as it is very reactive and any contamination is
potentially hazardous.
Avoid storage with glass, cement, concrete and other silicon materials; reaction produces
toxic silicon tetrafluoride gas; which may pressurise and/or rupture containers.
Reacts with mild steel, galvanised steel / zinc producing hydrogen gas which may form an
explosive mixture with air.
HAZCHEM: 2XE
Personal Protective Equipment
Gas tight chemical resistant suit.
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 5 of 13
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
MINOR SPILLS
Restrict access to area.
DO NOT touch the spill material.
.
DO NOT use water.
Clean up all spills immediately.
Avoid breathing vapours and contact with skin and eyes.
Wear fully protective PVC clothing and breathing apparatus.
DO NOT USE WATER OR NEUTRALISING AGENTS INDISCRIMINATELY ON LARGE SPILLS.
Neutralise remaining product with soda ash or slaked lime which is slurried with water.
Absorb remaining product with sand, earth or vermiculite.
Place in clean drum then flush area with water.
MAJOR SPILLS
Restrict access to area.
DO NOT touch the spill material.
DO NOT use water.
Clear area of personnel and move upwind.
Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
路 May be violently or explosively reactive.
路 Wear full body protective clothing with breathing apparatus.
路 Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains and water course.
路 Consider evacuation (or protect in place).
Increase ventilation.
Stop leak if safe to do so.
DO NOT USE WATER OR NEUTRALISING AGENTS INDISCRIMINATELY ON LARGE SPILLS.
Neutralise remaining product with soda ash or slaked lime which is slurried with water.
Collect residues and seal in labelled drums for disposal.
Wash area down with large quantity of water and prevent runoff into drains.
After clean up operations, decontaminate and launder all protective clothing and
equipment before storing and re-using.
If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise emergency services.
PROTECTIVE ACTIONS FOR SPILL
PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE
half
evacuation
downwind
direction
distance
down wind distance
wind isolation
distance
direction
half
evacuation downwind
INITIAL direction distance
ISOLATION
ZONE
From IERG (Canada/Australia)
Isolation Distance 25 metres
Downwind Protection Distance 250 metres
IERG Number 40
FOOTNOTES
1 PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE is defined as the area in which people are at risk of harmful exposure. This zone
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 6 of 13
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
assumes that random changes in wind direction confines the vapour plume to an area within 30 degrees on
either side of the predominant wind direction, resulting in a crosswind protective action distance equal
to the downwind protective action distance.
2 PROTECTIVE ACTIONS should be initiated to the extent possible, beginning with those closest to the spill
and working away from the site in the downwind direction. Within the protective action zone a level of
vapour concentration may exist resulting in nearly all unprotected persons becoming incapacitated and
unable to take protective action and/or incurring serious or irreversible health effects.
3 INITIAL ISOLATION ZONE is determined as an area, including upwind of the incident, within which a high
probability of localised wind reversal may expose nearly all persons without appropriate protection to
life-threatening concentrations of the material.
4 SMALL SPILLS involve a leaking package of 200 litres (55 US gallons) or less, such as a drum (jerrican or
box with inner containers). Larger packages leaking less than 200 litres and compressed gas leaking from
a small cylinder are also considered "small spills".
LARGE SPILLS involve many small leaking packages or a leaking package of greater than 200 litres, such as
a cargo tank, portable tank or a "one-tonne" compressed gas cylinder.
5 Guide 157 is taken from the US DOT emergency response guide book.
6 IERG information is derived from CANUTEC - Transport Canada.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING GUIDELINES (ERPG)
The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed
for up to one hour WITHOUT experiencing or developing
life-threatening health effects is:
hydrofluoric acid 50 ppm
irreversible or other serious effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take
protective action is:
hydrofluoric acid 20 ppm
other than mild, transient adverse effects without perceiving a clearly defined odour is:
hydrofluoric acid 2 ppm
The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no appreciable risk of health effects:
hydrofluoric acid 2 ppm
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)
Ingredients considered according to the following cutoffs
Very Toxic (T+) >= 0.1% Toxic (T) >= 3.0%
R50 >= 0.25% Corrosive (C) >= 5.0%
R51 >= 2.5%
else >= 10%
where percentage is percentage of ingredient found in the mixture
Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING
Avoid generating and breathing mist and vapour.
DO NOT allow clothing wet with material to stay in contact with skin.
Use good occupational work practice. Observe manufacturer's storing and handling
recommendations.
Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards to ensure
safe working conditions are maintained.
Avoid all personal contact, including inhalation.
Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.
Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 7 of 13
Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE
WARNING: To avoid violent reaction, ALWAYS add material to water and NEVER water to
material.
Handle and open container with care.
When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
Keep containers securely sealed when not in use.
Avoid physical damage to containers.
Wash hands with soap and water after handling.
Work clothes should be laundered separately: NOT at home.
SUITABLE CONTAINER
路 Polyethylene or polypropylene container.
路 Packing as recommended by manufacturer.
路 Check all containers are clearly labelled and free from leaks.
Wax, lead and platinum are not corroded. Most other metals are corroded to
some degree. Also glass, ceramics, natural gum rubber and leather.
STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY
Avoid storage with glass, cement, concrete and other silicon materials; reaction produces
toxic silicon tetrafluoride gas; which may pressurise and/or rupture containers.
Keep dry.
DO NOT use unlined steel containers.
DO NOT use aluminium, galvanised or tin-plated containers.
Segregate from alkalies, oxidising agents and chemicals readily decomposed by acids, i.e.
cyanides, sulfides, carbonates. and metal oxides.
Materials to avoid include: Bases, dissolves glass,ceramics,metals
containing silica, natural gum rubber and leather.
Fluorine gas reacts vigorously with a 50% hydrofluoric acid solution and
may burst into flame. Reaction with arsenic trioxide can be extremely hot.
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
Keep containers securely sealed.
.
Store below 20 deg. C.
Store in a cool, dry and well-ventilated area.
Store away from incompatible materials.
Floors should be covered or coated with acid resistant material.
DO NOT store in pits, depressions, basements or areas where vapours may be trapped.
Protect containers against physical damage.
Check regularly for spills and leaks.
_____________________________________________________
SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS
X X + X X +
_____________________________________________________
+: May be stored together
O: May be stored together with specific preventions
X: Must not be stored together
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE CONTROLS
Source Material Peak ppm Peak mg/m鲁
_________ _________ _____ _____
Australia Exposure hydrofluoric acid 3 2.6
Standards (Hydrogen fluoride (as
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
NC317TCP Version No:3
CD 2007/3 Page 8 of 13
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
Source Material Peak ppm Peak mg/m鲁
_________ _________ _____ _____
F))
The following materials had no OELs on our records
鈥? water: CAS:7732- 18- 5
EMERGENCY EXPOSURE LIMITS
Material Revised IDLH Value (mg/m3) Revised IDLH Value (ppm)
hydrofluoric acid 30 [Unch]
ODOUR SAFETY FACTOR (OSF)
OSF=71 (HYDROGEN FLUORIDE)
Exposed individuals are reasonably expected to be warned, by smell, that the Exposure
Standard is being exceeded.
Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is determined to fall into either Class A or B.
The Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is defined as:
OSF= Exposure Standard (TWA) ppm/ Odour Threshold Value (OTV) ppm
Classification into classes follows:
Class OSF Description
A 550 Over 90% of exposed individuals
are aware by smell that the
Exposure Standard (TLV- TWA for
example) is being reached, even
when distracted by working
activities
B 26- 550 As " A" for 50- 90% of persons
being distracted
C 1- 26 As " A" for less than 50% of
persons being distracted
D 0.18- 1 10- 50% of persons aware of
being tested perceive by smell
that the Exposure Standard is
being reached
E <0.18 As " D" for less than 10% of
persons aware of being tested
.
MATERIAL DATA
Odour threshold of 0.04 to 0.13 ppm.
NOTE: Detector tubes for hydrogen fluoride, measuring in excess of 1.5 ppm,
are available commercially. Long-term measurements (8 hrs) may be
conducted to detect concentrations exceeding 0.25 ppm.
A severe respiratory irritant both as the gas and in solution. The TLV-C
has been derived following the results of controlled inhalation studies in
human volunteers. This limit is thought to minimise the potential for
occurrence of dental and/or osteofluorosis as well as to prevent primary
irritation to the eye, nose, throat and lower respiratory system. Burning
of the eyes and nose and redness of the skin have been noted at
concentrations above 3 ppm.
INGREDIENT DATA
WATER:
No exposure limits set by NOHSC or ACGIH.
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EYE
路 Full face shield. and 路 Chemical goggles or 路 Safety glasses with side shields.
DO NOT wear contact lenses.
路 Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and
concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of lens or
restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This should include a
review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of chemicals in use and an account
of injury experience. Medical and first-aid personnel should be trained in their removal
and suitable equipment should be readily available. In the event of chemical exposure,
begin eye irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens
should be removed at the first signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be
removed in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC
NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59].
HANDS/FEET
路 Barrier cream. and Neoprene rubber gloves or Nitrile rubber gloves or Elbow length PVC
gloves.
Rubber boots. or PVC safety gumboots.
#76b-p3(20-)
OTHER
路 Full protective suit. or 路 PVC protective clothing.
路 Ensure that there is ready access to eye wash unit.
Ensure that there is ready access to breathing apparatus.
Operators should be trained in correct use & maintenance of respirators.
Ensure there is ready access to an emergency shower.
Always ensure that a supply, is on hand, of calcium gluconate gel for treatment of burns
and calcium carbonate tablets for accidental ingestion.
The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of
personal protective equipment required.
For further information consult site specific
CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your
Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
If risk of inhalation or overexposure exists, wear SAA approved respirator or work in
fume hood.
Local exhaust ventilation may be required for safe working, i.e. to keep exposures below
required standards, otherwise PPE is required.
SAA approved acid-vapour respirator or full-face air supplied breathing apparatus.
Correct respirator fit is essential to obtain adequate protection.
Provide adequate ventilation in warehouse or closed storage areas.
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
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Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
APPEARANCE
Clear colourless, thin, fuming acidic liquid. Pungent acidic odour. WARNING!. HIGHLY
CORROSIVE. and HIGHLY TOXIC, presents high hazard to health by all exposure routes. Mixes
with water and alcohol with evolution of heat. Viscosity is 0.64 cps @ 22 C (0.87 cps @ 0
C). but in the presence of water, material is corrosive to most metals, glass.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Liquid.
Mixes with water.
Corrosive.
Acid.
Toxic or noxious vapours/gas.
Molecular Weight: 20.01 as HF Boiling Range (掳C): 63- 112 (70- 40%)
Melting Range (掳C): - 70.2 variable Specific Gravity (water=1): 1.26 @ 20 C
Solubility in water (g/L): Miscible pH (as supplied): pKa 3.19
pH (1% solution): Not available. Vapour Pressure (kPa): 19.9 @ 25 C
Volatile Component (%vol): > 70 Evaporation Rate: Fast
Relative Vapour Density (air=1): 0.99 @ 13.6 deg Flash Point (掳C): Non Flammable
Lower Explosive Limit (%): Not applicable Upper Explosive Limit (%): Not applicable
Autoignition Temp (掳C): Not applicable Decomposition Temp (掳C): Not available
State: Liquid Viscosity: Not available
Section 10 - CHEMICAL STABILITY AND REACTIVITY INFORMATION
CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY
Presence of heat source.
.
路 Presence of incompatible materials.
路 Product is considered stable.
路 Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS
ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS
SWALLOWED
HIGHLY TOXIC. and HIGHLY CORROSIVE.
The material is considered to be harmful by all exposure routes.
The liquid is extremely corrosive to the gastro-intestinal tract and contact may cause
rapid tissue destruction with severe burns and may be fatal if swallowed unless immediate
treatment is applied.
Fluoride causes severe loss of calcium in the blood, with symptoms appearing several
hours later including painful and rigid muscle contractions of the limbs. Cardiovascular
collapse can occur and may cause death with increased heart rate and other heart rhythm
irregularities. The brain and kidneys may be affected. Other toxic effects include
headache, increased saliva output, jerking of the eyeball and dilated pupils, lethargy,
stupor, coma and rarely, convulsions.
EYE
Eye contact is extremely painful and may cause rapid corneal damage.
The liquid is extremely corrosive to the eyes and contact may cause rapid tissue
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
destruction and is capable of causing severe damage with loss of sight.
The vapour is highly discomforting and corrosive to the eyes and is capable of causing
pain and severe conjunctivitis. Corneal injury may develop, with possible permanent
impairment of vision, if not promptly and adequately treated.
The material may produce severe irritation to the eye causing pronounced inflammation.
Repeated or prolonged exposure to irritants may produce conjunctivitis.
The vapour may produce pronounced discomfort of the eyes when present at higher
concentrations and this generally gives warning of excessive exposure and the need for
control measures to ensure safe working conditions.
SKIN
WARNING!.
HIGHLY CORROSIVE.
Bare unprotected skin should not be exposed to this material.
Solutions of hydrofluoric acid, as dilute as 2%, may cause severe skin
burns.
The liquid is extremely corrosive to the skin and may rapidly cause severe burns
ulceration and may even be fatal from a single acute exposure.
Fluorides are easily absorbed through the skin and cause death of soft tissue and erode
bone. Healing is delayed and death of tissue may continue to spread beneath skin.
The vapour is highly discomforting to the skin and may be harmful if exposure is
prolonged.
Solution of material in moisture on the skin, or perspiration, may markedly increase skin
corrosion and accelerate tissue destruction.
INHALED
The vapour is extremely discomforting to the upper respiratory tract and lungs and is
harmful if inhaled and may be fatal.
if exposure is prolonged.
Acute effects of fluoride inhalation include irritation of nose and throat, coughing and
chest discomfort. A single acute over-exposure may even cause nose bleed. Pre-existing
respiratory conditions such as emphysema, bronchitis may be aggravated by exposure.
Occupational asthma may result from exposure.
CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS
Considered toxic by all exposure routes.
Principal routes of exposure are usually by skin contact.
eye contact.
with the material and inhalation of vapour.
Hydrogen fluoride easily penetrates the skin and causes destruction and corrosion of the
bone and underlying tissue. Ingestion causes severe pains and burns in the mouth and
throat and blood calcium levels are dangerously reduced. Symptoms include spasm and
twitching of the muscles, high fever, convulsions and general extreme pain. Inhalation
may cause corrosion of the throat, nose and lungs, leading to severe inflammation and
lung swelling. Extended exposure to inorganic fluorides causes fluorosis, which includes
signs of joint pain and stiffness, tooth discolouration, nausea and vomiting, loss of
appetite, diarrhoea or constipation, weight loss, anaemia, weakness and general
unwellness. There may also be frequent urination and thirst. Redness, itchiness and
allergy-like inflammation of the skin and mouth cavity can occur. The central nervous
system may be involved.
TOXICITY AND IRRITATION
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
TOXICITY IRRITATION
Inhalation (rat) 5: min LC50 4970 ppm Eye (human): 50 mg - SEVERE
Inhalation (rat) 1: Hour LC50 1310 ppm
Inhalation (human) LCLo: 50 ppm/30m
Inhalation (man) TCLo: 100 mg/m鲁/1m
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 1276 ppm/1h
(liver and kidney damage) [Manufacturer]
for hydrogen fluoride (as vapour)
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005 CHEMWATCH 1790-1
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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
WATER:
unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
No significant acute toxicological data identified in literature search.
MATERIAL CARCINOGEN REPROTOXIN SENSITISER SKIN
_______________ ____________ __________ __________ __________
hydrofluoric acid IARC:3
CARCINOGEN
IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens: hydrofluoric acid
Category: 3
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Recycle wherever possible.
Consult manufacturer for recycling options.
Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.
Treat and neutralise at an effluent treatment plant.
DO NOT USE WATER OR NEUTRALISING AGENTS INDISCRIMINATELY ON LARGE SPILLS.
Neutralise remaining product with soda ash or slaked lime which is slurried with water.
Bury residue in an authorised landfill.
Puncture containers to prevent re-use.
DO NOT re-use polylined drums for hydrofluoric acid service as their safe life is
limited.
Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
Labels Required: CORROSIVE,TOXIC
HAZCHEM: 2XE
UNDG:
Dangerous Goods Class: 8 Subrisk: 6.1
UN Number: 1790 Packing Group: I
Shipping Name:HYDROFLUORIC ACID, with more than 60% hydrogen fluoride
HYDROFLUORIC ACID, with not more than 60% hydrogen fluoride
Air Transport IATA:
ICAO/IATA Class: 8 ICAO/IATA Subrisk: 6.1
UN/ID Number: 1790 Packing Group: I
Special provisions: None
Shipping Name: HYDROFLUORIC ACID MORE THAN 60% STRENGTH
Maritime Transport IMDG:
IMDG Class: 8 IMDG Subrisk: 6.1
UN Number: 1790 Packing Group: I
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
Chemwatch Material Safety Data Sheet (REVIEW)
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Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
EMS Number: F- A, S- B Special provisions: None
Shipping Name: HYDROFLUORIC ACID solution, with not more
than 60% hydrofluoric acid
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
POISONS SCHEDULE: AS7 NZS2
REGULATIONS
hydrofluoric acid (CAS: 7664-39-3) is found on the following regulatory lists;
Australia - Queensland Hazardous Materials and Prescribed Quantities for Major Hazard Facilities
Australia Exposure Standards
Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix E (Part 2)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix F (Part 3)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Appendix J (Part 2)
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 4
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 5
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 6
Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) - Schedule 7
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Carcinogens
OECD Representative List of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals
The Australia Group Export Control List: Chemical Weapons Precursors
Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION
Classification of the preparation and its individual components has drawn on official and
authoritative sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification
committee using available literature references.
This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or
criticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission
from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.
Issue Date: 17-Jun-2005
Print Date: 20-Dec-2007
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