SIGMA-ALDRICH
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
Date Printed: 03/14/2005
Date Updated: 05/20/2004
Version 2.12
Section 1 - Product and Company Information
Product Name ACETALDEHYDE, REAGENTPLUS, 99%
Product Number 110078
Brand ALDRICH
Company Sigma-Aldrich
Street Address 3050 Spruce Street
City, State, Zip, Country SAINT LOUIS MO 63103 US
Technical Phone: 314 771 5765
Emergency Phone: 414 273 3850 Ext. 5996
Fax: 800 325 5052
Section 2 - Composition/Information on Ingredient
Substance Name CAS # SARA 313
ACETALDEHYDE 75-07-0 Yes
Formula C2H4O
Synonyms Acetaldehyd (German) * Acetaldehyde (ACGIH:OSHA)
* Acetic aldehyde * Acetylaldehyde * Aldehyde
acetique (French) * Aldeide acetica (Italian) *
Ethanal * NCI-C56326 * Octowy aldehyd (Polish) *
RCRA waste number U001
RTECS Number: AB1925000
Section 3 - Hazards Identification
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Flammable (USA) Extremely Flammable (EU). Harmful.
Harmful if swallowed. Irritating to eyes and respiratory system.
Risk of serious damage to eyes. May cause sensitization by skin
contact. Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
Possible Carcinogen (US). Photosensitizer. Lachrymator. Target
organ(s): Blood. Kidneys. Calif. Prop. 65 carcinogen.
HMIS RATING
HEALTH: 2*
FLAMMABILITY: 4
REACTIVITY: 2
NFPA RATING
HEALTH: 2
FLAMMABILITY: 4
REACTIVITY: 2
*additional chronic hazards present.
For additional information on toxicity, please refer to Section 11.
Section 4 - First Aid Measures
ORAL EXPOSURE
If swallowed, wash out mouth with water provided person is
conscious. Call a physician.
INHALATION EXPOSURE
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing give
artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
DERMAL EXPOSURE
In case of contact, immediately wash skin with soap and copious
amounts of water.
EYE EXPOSURE
In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with copious amounts
of water for at least 15 minutes.
Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures
FLAMMABLE HAZARDS
Flammable Hazards: Yes
Peroxide Former: Yes
EXPLOSION HAZARDS
May explode when heated. Closed containers may rupture and
explode during runaway polymerization. Vapors may form explosive
mixtures with air.
FLASH POINT
-40 掳F -40 掳C Method: closed cup
EXPLOSION LIMITS
Lower: 4 % Upper: 60 %
AUTOIGNITION TEMP
175 掳C
FLAMMABILITY
N/A
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
Suitable: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, or appropriate
foam.
Unsuitable: Water may be effective for cooling, but may not
effect extinguishment.
FIREFIGHTING
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus
and protective clothing to prevent contact with skin and eyes.
Specific Hazard(s): Extremely flammable. Emits toxic fumes under
fire conditions. Vapor may travel considerable distance to
source of ignition and flash back.
Specific Method(s) of Fire Fighting: Use water spray to cool
fire-exposed containers.
Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures
PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN CASE OF LEAK OR SPILL
Evacuate area. Shut off all sources of ignition. Use nonsparking
tools.
PROCEDURE(S) OF PERSONAL PRECAUTION(S)
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, rubber boots, and heavy
rubber gloves.
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METHODS FOR CLEANING UP
Ventilate area and wash spill site after material pickup is
complete. Cover with an activated carbon adsorbent, take up and
place in closed containers. Transport outdoors.
Section 7 - Handling and Storage
HANDLING
User Exposure: Do not breathe vapor. Do not get in eyes, on
skin, on clothing. Open carefully. Avoid all contamination.
Always open containers slowly to allow any excess pressure to
vent.
STORAGE
Suitable: Keep container closed. Keep away from heat, sparks,
and open flame. Store under nitrogen.
Store at 2-8掳C
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
Store under inert gas. May develop pressure. Air sensitive.
Section 8 - Exposure Controls / PPE
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Safety shower and eye bath. Use nonsparking tools. Mechanical
exhaust required.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Respiratory: Government approved respirator.
Hand: Compatible chemical-resistant gloves.
Eye: Chemical safety goggles.
GENERAL HYGIENE MEASURES
Remove and wash contaminated clothing promptly. Wash thoroughly
after handling.
EXPOSURE LIMITS, RTECS
Country Source Type Value
USA ACGIH Ceiling co25 PPM
USA MSHA Standard-air TWA 100 PPM (180 MG/M3)
USA OSHA. PEL 8H TWA 200 PPM (360 MG/M3)
New Zealand OEL
Remarks: check ACGIH TLV
USA NIOSH (18 PPM LOQ)
EXPOSURE LIMITS
Country Source Type Value
Poland NDS 5 MG/M3
Poland NDSCh -
Poland NDSP 45
Section 9 - Physical/Chemical Properties
Appearance Physical State: Clear liquid
Color: Colorless
Property Value At Temperature or Pressure
Molecular Weight 44.05 AMU
pH N/A
BP/BP Range 21 掳C 760 mmHg
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MP/MP Range -125 掳C
Freezing Point N/A
Vapor Pressure 756.4 mmHg 2415.4 mm20 掳C 55 掳C
Hg
Vapor Density 1.52 g/l
Saturated Vapor Conc. N/A
SG/Density 0.785 g/cm3
Bulk Density N/A
Odor Threshold N/A
Volatile% N/A
VOC Content N/A
Water Content N/A
Solvent Content N/A
Evaporation Rate N/A
Viscosity 0.24 Pas 20 掳C
Surface Tension N/A
Partition Coefficient Log Kow: 0.5
Decomposition Temp. N/A
Flash Point -40 掳F -40 掳C Method: closed cup
Explosion Limits Lower: 4 %
Upper: 60 %
Flammability N/A
Autoignition Temp 175 掳C
Refractive Index 1.332 20 掳C
Optical Rotation N/A
Miscellaneous Data N/A
Solubility N/A
N/A = not available
Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity
STABILITY
Stable: Unstable.
Conditions to Avoid: Air.
Materials to Avoid: Oxidizing agents, Reducing agents, Acids,
Nitric acid, Peroxides, Bases, Caustic soda, Amines, Ammonia,
Oxygen, Chemical contamination Warning: acetaldehyde is oxidized
rapidly and exothermically by air, to acetic acid.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide.
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION
Hazardous Polymerization: Oxidized readily in air to form unstable
peroxides that can lead to spontaneous explosion. May undergo
autopolymerization Uncontrolled polymerization can cause rapid
evolution of heat and increased pressure which can result in
violent rupture of storage vessels or containers.
Section 11 - Toxicological Information
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE
Skin Contact: May cause skin irritation.
Skin Absorption: May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Eye Contact: Causes severe eye irritation. Lachrymator.
Inhalation: May be harmful if inhaled. Material is irritating to
mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract.
Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed.
SENSITIZATION
Sensitization: Photosensitizer.
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Skin: May cause allergic skin reaction.
TARGET ORGAN(S) OR SYSTEM(S)
Blood. Kidneys. Lungs. Cardiovascular system. Liver. Central
nervous system.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF EXPOSURE
Exposure can cause: Pulmonary edema. Effects may be delayed.
Nausea. Vomiting. Headache. Blurred vision. Unconsciousness.
TOXICITY DATA
Oral
Rat
661 mg/kg
LD50
Remarks: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation:Spastic paralysis with
or without sensory change. Behavioral:Altered sleep time
(including change in righting reflex). Lungs, Thorax, or
Respiration:Dyspnea.
Inhalation
Rat
13,300 ppm
LC50
Remarks: Behavioral:Excitement. Lungs, Thorax, or
Respiration:Dyspnea.
Subcutaneous
Rat
640 MG/KG
LD50
Remarks: Behavioral:General anesthetic.
Oral
Mouse
900 mg/kg
LD50
Inhalation
Mouse
23,000 mg/m3
LC50
Intraperitoneal
Mouse
500 MG/KG
LD50
Subcutaneous
Mouse
560 MG/KG
LD50
Remarks: Behavioral:General anesthetic.
Skin
Rabbit
3540 mg/kg
LD50
Inhalation
Hamster
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17,000 ppm
LC50
Intratracheal
Hamster
96 MG/KG
LD50
Inhalation
Mammal
20,100 mg/m3
LC50
Remarks: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Nose, Eye, Ear, and
Taste):Eye:Other. Behavioral:Excitement. Lungs, Thorax, or
Respiration:Dyspnea.
IRRITATION DATA
Skin
Rabbit
500 mg
Remarks: Mild irritation effect
Eyes
Human
50 ppm
15M
Skin
Rabbit
500 mg
Remarks: Open irritation test
Eyes
Rabbit
40 mg
Remarks: Severe irritation effect
CHRONIC EXPOSURE - CARCINOGEN
Result: This product is or contains a component that has been
reported to be possibly carcinogenic based on its IARC, ACGIH,
NTP, or EPA classification.
Species: Rat
Route of Application: Inhalation
Dose: 735 PPM
Exposure Time: 6H/2Y
Frequency: I
Result: Tumorigenic:Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria. Sense Organs
and Special Senses (Nose, Eye, Ear, and Taste):Olfaction:Tumors.
Species: Hamster
Route of Application: Inhalation
Dose: 2040 PPM
Exposure Time: 7H/52W
Frequency: I
Result: Tumorigenic:Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS
criteria. Sense Organs and Special Senses (Nose, Eye, Ear, and
Taste):Olfaction:Tumors. Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration:Tumors.
Species: Rat
Route of Application: Inhalation
Dose: 1410 PPM
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Exposure Time: 6H/65W
Frequency: I
Result: Tumorigenic:Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS
criteria. Sense Organs and Special Senses (Nose, Eye, Ear, and
Taste):Olfaction:Tumors.
IARC CARCINOGEN LIST
Rating: Group 2B
NTP CARCINOGEN LIST
Rating: Anticipated to be a carcinogen.
ACGIH CARCINOGEN LIST
Rating: A3
CHRONIC EXPOSURE - TERATOGEN
Result: Laboratory experiments have shown teratogenic effects.
Species: Rat
Dose: 4800 MG/KG
Route of Application: Oral
Exposure Time: (1-20D PREG)
Result: Effects on Embryo or Fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus). Specific Developmental Abnormalities:
Respiratory system. Specific Developmental Abnormalities:
Hepatobiliary system.
Species: Rat
Dose: 5040 MG/KG
Route of Application: Oral
Exposure Time: (1-21D PREG)
Result: Specific Developmental Abnormalities: Central nervous
system. Specific Developmental Abnormalities: Endocrine system.
Specific Developmental Abnormalities: Urogenital system.
Species: Rat
Dose: 100 MG/KG
Route of Application: Intraperitoneal
Exposure Time: (12D PREG)
Result: Specific Developmental Abnormalities: Homeostasis
Species: Rat
Dose: 400 MG/KG
Route of Application: Intraperitoneal
Exposure Time: (8-15D PREG)
Result: Specific Developmental Abnormalities: Eye, ear. Specific
Developmental Abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system.
Species: Rat
Dose: 600 MG/KG
Route of Application: Intraperitoneal
Exposure Time: (8-15D PREG)
Result: Specific Developmental Abnormalities: Craniofacial
(including nose and tongue).
Species: Mouse
Dose: 640 UG/KG
Route of Application: Intraperitoneal
Exposure Time: (10D PREG)
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Result: Specific Developmental Abnormalities: Musculoskeletal
system.
CHRONIC EXPOSURE - MUTAGEN
Result: Laboratory experiments have shown mutagenic effects.
Species: Human
Dose: 1560 UMOL/L
Cell Type: lymphocyte
Mutation test: DNA damage
Species: Human
Dose: 3 MMOL/L
Cell Type: Other cell types
Mutation test: DNA damage
Species: Human
Dose: 30 MMOL/L
Cell Type: Other cell types
Mutation test: DNA inhibition
Species: Human
Dose: 30 MMOL/L
Cell Type: Other cell types
Mutation test: Other mutation test systems
Species: Human
Dose: 10 MMOL/L
Cell Type: HeLa cell
Mutation test: DNA inhibition
Species: Human
Dose: 1000 PPM
Exposure Time: 72H
Cell Type: leukocyte
Mutation test: Cytogenetic analysis
Species: Human
Dose: 1200 UMOL/L
Cell Type: lymphocyte
Mutation test: Sister chromatid exchange
Species: Human
Dose: 40 UMOL/L
Cell Type: fibroblast
Mutation test: Sister chromatid exchange
Species: Human
Dose: 5 MMOL/L
Cell Type: fibroblast
Mutation test: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells.
Species: Rat
Dose: 500 UMOL/L
Cell Type: fibroblast
Mutation test: Micronucleus test
Species: Rat
Dose: 3 MMOL/L
Exposure Time: 3H
Cell Type: kidney
Mutation test: Morphological transformation.
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Species: Rat
Dose: 100 UMOL/L
Cell Type: fibroblast
Mutation test: Morphological transformation.
Species: Rat
Dose: 200 MMOL/L
Cell Type: liver
Mutation test: DNA damage
Species: Rat
Route: Inhalation
Dose: 1000 PPM
Exposure Time: 6H/5D
Mutation test: DNA damage
Species: Rat
Dose: 500 MMOL/L
Cell Type: Other cell types
Mutation test: DNA damage
Species: Rat
Dose: 12500 UMOL/L
Cell Type: Other cell types
Mutation test: Other mutation test systems
Species: Rat
Dose: 1 MMOL/L
Cell Type: fibroblast
Mutation test: DNA inhibition
Species: Rat
Dose: 1 MMOL/L
Cell Type: fibroblast
Mutation test: Other mutation test systems
Species: Rat
Dose: 100 UMOL/L
Cell Type: fibroblast
Mutation test: Cytogenetic analysis
Species: Mouse
Route: Intraperitoneal
Dose: 95 MG/KG
Mutation test: Micronucleus test
Species: Mouse
Dose: 10 MG/L
Cell Type: Embryo
Mutation test: Morphological transformation.
Species: Mouse
Route: Intraperitoneal
Dose: 15 NG/KG
Mutation test: Sister chromatid exchange
Species: Mouse
Dose: 4 MMOL/L
Cell Type: lymphocyte
Mutation test: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells.
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Species: Hamster
Dose: 40 PPM
Cell Type: Embryo
Mutation test: Cytogenetic analysis
Species: Hamster
Route: Intraperitoneal
Dose: 500 UG/KG
Mutation test: Sister chromatid exchange
Species: Hamster
Dose: 30 UMOL/L
Cell Type: ovary
Mutation test: Sister chromatid exchange
Species: Hamster
Dose: 20 PPM
Cell Type: Embryo
Mutation test: SLN
Species: Mammal
Dose: 1 MOL/L
Exposure Time: 30M
Cell Type: lymphocyte
Mutation test: DNA damage
CHRONIC EXPOSURE - REPRODUCTIVE HAZARD
Species: Rat
Dose: 5040 MG/KG
Route of Application: Oral
Exposure Time: (1-21D PREG)
Result: Effects on Newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced
weight gain).
Species: Rat
Dose: 300 MG/KG
Route of Application: Intraperitoneal
Exposure Time: (8-13D PREG)
Result: Effects on Newborn: Behavioral.
Species: Rat
Dose: 50 MG/KG
Route of Application: Intraperitoneal
Exposure Time: (12D PREG)
Result: Effects on Fertility: Post-implantation mortality (e.g.,
dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants).
Effects on Embryo or Fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g.,
placenta, umbilical cord). Effects on Embryo or Fetus:
Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus).
Species: Mouse
Dose: 120 MG/KG
Route of Application: Intravenous
Exposure Time: (7-9D PREG)
Result: Effects on Fertility: Post-implantation mortality (e.g.,
dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants).
Effects on Embryo or Fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g.,
stunted fetus).
Species: Mouse
Dose: 4 GM/KG
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Route of Application: Intravenous
Exposure Time: (6D PREG)
Result: Effects on Fertility: Post-implantation mortality (e.g.,
dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants).
Specific Developmental Abnormalities: Central nervous system.
Section 12 - Ecological Information
ACUTE ECOTOXICITY TESTS
Test Type: EC50 Algae
Time: 24 h
Value: 270 mg/l
Test Type: EC50 Daphnia
Species: Daphnia magna
Time: 48 h
Value: 48 mg/l
Test Type: LC50 Fish
Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow)
Time: 96 h
Value: 31 mg/l
Test Type: LC50 Fish
Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill)
Time: 96 h
Value: 53 mg/l
Test Type: LC100 Fish
Species: Leuciscus idus
Time: 48 h
Value: 124 - 156 mg/l
Section 13 - Disposal Considerations
APPROPRIATE METHOD OF DISPOSAL OF SUBSTANCE OR PREPARATION
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose
of this material. Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an
afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this
material is highly flammable. Observe all federal, state, and
local environmental regulations.
Section 14 - Transport Information
DOT
Proper Shipping Name: Acetaldehyde
UN#: 1089
Class: 3
Packing Group: Packing Group I
Hazard Label: Flammable liquid
PIH: Not PIH
IATA
Proper Shipping Name: Acetaldehyde
IATA UN Number: 1089
Hazard Class: 3
Packing Group: I
Not Allowed - Aircraft: Cargo aircraft only. Not
permitted on passenger aircraft.
Section 15 - Regulatory Information
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EU DIRECTIVES CLASSIFICATION
Symbol of Danger: F+ Xn
Indication of Danger: Extremely Flammable. Harmful.
R: 12 36/37 40
Risk Statements: Extremely flammable. Irritating to eyes and
respiratory system. Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
S: 16 33 36/37
Safety Statements: Keep away from sources of ignition - no
smoking. Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
US CLASSIFICATION AND LABEL TEXT
Indication of Danger: Flammable (USA) Extremely Flammable (EU).
Harmful.
Risk Statements: Harmful if swallowed. Irritating to eyes and
respiratory system. Risk of serious damage to eyes. May cause
sensitization by skin contact. Limited evidence of a
carcinogenic effect.
Safety Statements: Keep away from sources of ignition - no
smoking. Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
US Statements: Possible Carcinogen (US). Photosensitizer.
Lachrymator. Target organ(s): Blood. Kidneys. Calif. Prop. 65
carcinogen.
UNITED STATES REGULATORY INFORMATION
SARA LISTED: Yes
DEMINIMIS: 0.1 %
NOTES: This product is subject to SARA section 313 reporting
requirements.
TSCA INVENTORY ITEM: Yes
UNITED STATES - STATE REGULATORY INFORMATION
CALIFORNIA PROP - 65
California Prop - 65: This product is or contains chemical(s)
known to the state of California to cause cancer.
CANADA REGULATORY INFORMATION
WHMIS Classification: This product has been classified in
accordance with the hazard criteria of the CPR, and the MSDS
contains all the information required by the CPR.
DSL: Yes
NDSL: No
Section 16 - Other Information
DISCLAIMER
For R&D use only. Not for drug, household or other uses.
WARRANTY
The above information is believed to be correct but does not
purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The
information in this document is based on the present state of our
knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to
appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any
guarantee of the properties of the product. Sigma-Aldrich Inc.,
shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or
from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice
or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.
Copyright 2005 Sigma-Aldrich Co. License granted to make unlimited
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paper copies for internal use only.
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